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Biomedical subjects

A Braun

Publications and source records attributed to A Braun.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Selective D-1 dopamine receptor agonist treatment of Parkinson's disease.

Preclinical evidence suggests that the D-1 dopamine receptor contributes to the generation of behaviors used as models for human extrapyramidal disorders. To evaluate the potential of D-1 receptor stimulation in neurologic disease, SKF 38393, a selective D-1 dopamine receptor agonist, was administered to seven patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease in a double-blind, placebo controlled study. SKF 38393 was found to be rapidly absorbed when administered orally, and to occur in micromolar concentrations in spinal fluid. No change in scores of parkinsonian severity were noted when SKF 38393 was administered alone, or when the drug was combined with intravenous levodopa. The results support the view that the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease may relate exclusively to the D-2 subclass of dopamine receptors.

2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-ben↗
PubMed1987

cDNA cloning and complete sequence of porcine choline acetyltransferase: in vitro translation of the corresponding RNA yields an active protein.

A cDNA clone encoding the complete sequence of porcine choline acetyltransferase (ChoAcTase; acetyl-CoA: choline O-acetyltransferase, EC 2.3.1.6.) has been identified. A cDNA library, constructed from poly(A)+ RNA of ventral spinal cord, was screened with a mixture of eight oligonucleotides corresponding to the N-terminal sequence of pig brain ChoAcTase. Among five positive clones, one, pChAT-1, was identified as a ChoAcTase cDNA clone based on the following criteria. (i) This clone has an open reading frame coding for a protein of the size expected for ChoAcTase (640 amino acids). (ii) The amino acid composition deduced from the nucleotide sequence of this open reading frame matches that of purified porcine ChoAcTase. (iii) When subcloned in the T7 expression system, the corresponding RNA directs the synthesis in the rabbit reticulocyte lysate of a protein that is specifically immunoprecipitated by antibodies raised against ChoAcTase. (iv) Finally and most important, this corresponding RNA, when translated in the reticulocyte lysate, as well as in the Xenopus oocyte system, directs the synthesis of a protein displaying ChoAcTase activity. This activity is inhibited by the specific ChoAcTase inhibitor 4-(1-naphthylvinyl)pyridine. Comparison of porcine ChoAcTase sequence with that of Drosophila reveals 32% identity between these proteins, when the sequences are suitably aligned. pChAT-1 probe hybridizes with a porcine mRNA species that is at least 7000 nucleotides long, whereas the equivalent rat mRNA species is 3700 nucleotides long.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1987

N-terminal sequence of pig brain choline acetyltransferase purified by a rapid procedure.

A procedure is reported that allows the purification and amino terminal sequencing of pig brain choline acetyltransferase. The enzyme (present in extremely low amounts in this tissue) is eluted together with its antibody from an affinity column by a mild pH shift and the resulting enzyme-antibody complex separated by gel electrophoresis. The band corresponding to the enzyme is electroeluted from the gel using volatile solutions allowing the direct determination of the amino acid composition and partial sequence. The first 11 residues are: Pro-Ile-Leu-Glu-Lys-Thr-Pro-Pro-Lys-Met-Ala.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1987

[Nuclear receptors in estrogen receptor negative tumors with progesterone receptors].

The nuclear estrogen receptors ERn were determined in 12 carcinomas whose cytoplasm contained progesterone receptors PRc but no estrogen receptors ERc. ERn were found in 9 of the tumors. Their concentration correlated to those of PRc and reached a mean of only 20% of the ERn concentrations found in ERc+/PRc + carcinomas. These results suggest that in carcinomas of the ERc-/PRc+-type, originally present cytoplasmic estrogen receptors induce the synthesis of progesterone receptors in a concentration corresponding to that of the nuclear receptors, following translocation by endogenous estradiol in the nucleus.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

[Real-time sonography. An important imaging procedure in the diagnosis and treatment planning of bone metastases].

The value of sonography for diagnosis and therapy planning of bone metastases is shown in 110 affected skeletal regions (60 patients with malignant diseases). Whereas sonography is inferior to conventional x-ray in respect of defects of the spongiosa, it is equal with regard to defects of the cortical layer but superior in respect of changes of the periosteum and the surrounding soft tissue. Moreover, there is an excellent correlation (97%) between pain and the reaction of periosteum and soft-tissue layer. Because of the three dimensional representation of the tumourous processes sonography has proved valuable in radiotherapy planning (field size, radiation method, risk organs etc.).

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Orthopedic surgery for management of tumor pain.

Benign primary bone tumors, tumor-like lesions, and semimalignant bone tumors with pain are in most cases an indication for surgery with marginal or wide excision. In malignant primary bone tumors, the relief of pain does not have primary importance in the therapeutic concept. With en bloc resection or amputation, the cause of cancer pain is eliminated. Limb salvage procedures can be performed by endoprosthetic replacement, and phantom or stump pain will not occur. Skeletal metastases can be very painful owing to bone destruction, expansive growth, and consecutive pathologic fractures. Orthopedic surgery can relieve pain and improve the quality of life. Endoprosthetic replacement and combined osteosynthesis with PMMA and metallic implants are used to achieve early rehabilitation.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

[Extremity preserving interventions in malignant bone tumors].

Amputation or exarticulation are the easiest and safest ways to effect a radical cure of a malignant musculo-skeletal tumor. With progress in adjuvant chemotherapy and development of endoprosthetic devices tumor resections became more important for limb salvage procedures. Competitive surgical techniques for curative treatment always require radical tumor elimination.

Arm↗
PubMed1984

N-13 L-glutamate uptake in malignancy: its relationship to blood flow.

Studies on glutamate uptake, with special reference to perfusion, were carried out in 35 rats, each bearing one of five different tumor transplants; also in 15 rats after bone fracture, and in three rabbits. Single-pass extraction of N-13 glutamate was 85-93% in the VX2 tumor of the rabbit and in muscle. Bone fracture in rats caused a threefold increase of tracer uptake 2 days after the event. In tumor transplants, the tumor-to-muscle uptake ratio reached a maximum immediately following injection of the tracer. Comparing N-13 glutamate uptake with the retention of 1-121 microspheres, identical tumor-to-muscle ratios were found for three out of five tumor lines. Comparing the uptake with that of C-11 butanol (ten rats), a close correlation was observed throughout the range of tumor lines. The results suggested that glutamate uptake by malignant tumors is related to blood flow. In nine patients with malignant or benign lesions tumor-to-muscle uptake of N-13 glutamate and TI-201 showed a linear correlation close to identity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Contribution of computer tomography to the evaluation of space-occupying processes and abnormalities of the skeletal system].

The contribution made by computed tomography to the diagnostics of the skeletal system was studied in the basis of 53 examinations in patients with space-occupying growths and malformations. With reference to clinical final diagnoses the CT findings were graded into I. Correct diagnosis or diagnosis by exclusion, II. Contribution to determining the growth of the process, III. No additional information obtained via CT. The distribution of these grades was as follows: Grade I = 34%, II = 49%, III = 17%. Indications for CT of the skeletal system were based on the following problems: primary malignant bone tumours; bone metastases in the region on the vertebral column; benign and potentially malignant bone tumours and abscesses in the region of the skeleton itself and of the skull; suspected diastematomyelia; assessment of the vertebral canal in case of suspected inflammatory or tumorous changes of the adjacent areas as well as exclusion of osseous changes in the region of the vertebral canal with peripheral neurological symptoms. CT serves to determine the exact dimension of the growth; to prove infiltration of organs and structures; for the planning of operations; for controlling the course; and for diagnosing relapses.

Abscess↗
PubMed1982

Long-term suppression of central serotonergic activity by corticosteroids: a possible model of steroid-responsive myoclonic disorders.

Chronic administration of cortisol succinate (12.5 mg per kilogram per day) to guinea pigs suppressed jumping behavior induced by 1-5 hydroxytryptophan and abolished diurnal threshold variations of this behavior. Chronic corticosteroid administration did not alter threshold or diurnal variations of apomorphine-induced stereotypy. These observations suggest that the efficacy of corticosteroids in some human myoclonic movement disorders may be related to central serotonergic inhibition.

5-Hydroxytryptophan↗
PubMed1980

A family with whistling-face-syndrome.

A family with 7 persons affected with whistling-face-syndrome in 3 successive generations is described. The clinical variability of the syndrome within one family is demonstrated by means of examining particular characteristics of four daughters in the family. Six affected persons are female; the only male carrier died in early infancy because of the severity of symptoms. The known autosomal dominant inheritance combined with clinical variability and bias towards female manifestation is present in this family.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Effect of transient lambda prophage induction on ultraviolet light resistance and recombination in Escherichia coli.

Transient induction of lambda prophage increases the ultraviolet light resistance of most exponentially growing Escherichia coli lysogens. Resistance is increased in wild-type, recB, recB recC, recB recC recF, and recB recC recL hosts. No enhancement in recA lysogens was found, nor was there enhancement in stationary cultures. Enhancement was dependent upon the lambdared recombination system. Transient induction also increases the genetic recombination rate in recB lysogens as measured in Hfr X F- matings.

Coliphages↗