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Biomedical subjects

A Brand

Publications and source records attributed to A Brand.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Immunological studies in onchocercosis patients.

The immunological profile of onchocercosis patients from an endemic region in Venezuela was studied. The sample was made up of patients suffering from onchocercosis and undergoing treatment, persons previously treated and apparently cured of the disease, and a group of apparently healthy individuals from the same area. The results obtained indicate that during the course of the disease the immunological apparatus suffers only slight modifications since no great variations were found in the immunoglobulin levels, the third component of the complement, the reactivity to DNCB, or the response of peripheral blood lymphocytes to mitogens. When under treatment, the levels of serum IgG and IgM are increased and there is a decrease in C3 levels. The slight modifications found can be attributed to the low severity of the disease as only one patient of those studied presented clinical manifestations ascribable to the disease (onchocercoma).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Prevention of bleeding tendency after open-heart surgery for Tetralogy of Fallot.

Postoperative blood losses after open-heart surgery for Tetralogy of Fallot made re-operation imperative in 15 out of 44 patients (34%, Series A). A surgical bleeding point proved to be the causative factor in only 2 cases; the others were believed to be caused by disturbances of the haemostatic mechanism, particularly by low platelet counts, apparently due to extracorporeal circulation. Administration of a platelet suspension after disconnection of the extracorporeal circuit diminished the number of bleeding complications significantly: in a series of 58 patients (Series B), 8 re-operations (14%) were necessary. In 3 of these cases, technical reasons could be found for the blood losses. Haemodilution was carried out routinely in both series. However, the diluent contained a pasteurised protein solution in Series A and fresh frozen plasma in Series B in order to minimize the deficit of coagulation factors as much as possible.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Lymphocyte-differentiating hormone of bursa of fabricius.

Induction of early lymphocyte differentiation was studied in vitro in fractionated bone marrow cells of newly hatched chickens, with alloantiserums to identify newly differentiated B cells (Bu-1+) and T cells (Th-1+). Thymus extract induced selective T cell differentiation; the activity of the extract corresponds to that of thymopoietin. Bursal extract induced both B cell and T cell differentiation, but at lower concentrations B cell differentiation was always greater. This activity is ascribed to a lymphocyte-differentiating hormone of the bursa of Fabricius, for which the name bursopoietin is suggested.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Use of prostaglandins in suboestrus cows (author's transl)].

One hundred and fifty lactating, suboestrus cows with palpable corpora lutea from twenty herds were treated by intramuscular injection of prostaglandins. The expected date of oestrus was predicted in 150 suboestrous controls of the same herds on the basis of ovarian findings. The average interval between treatment and insemination was 8.8 days in the prostaglandin-treated and 17.6 days in the control group. The interval between treatment and insemination was shorter than eight days in 74 per cent of the prostaglandin-treated cows. Pregnancy rates in the treatment and control groups were 56 per cent and 58 per cent respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Oestrus synchronization and fertility in heifers treated with prostaglandin F2alpha.

Oestrus was synchronized with prostaglandin F2alpha in Tham salt buffer (25 mg. and 12.5 mg.) injected intramuscularly on two consecutive days in 41 Dutch Friesian heifers. Thirty-five animals (85,3%) showed heat within 2-5 days of the start of treatment. Degree of synchronization was low if PGF 2alpha was injected before D5. Conception rate was low (31,4%) in the synchronized oestrus, but was normal (58%) at the post-synchronized oestrus. Based on observation for oestrus and rectal palpation of ovaries at 8 hourly intervals, oestrus occurred over a period of 62,1 +/- 3,0 hours and ovulation occurred 29,8 +/- 1,4 hours after the onset of oestrus. The average time from first treatment to ovulation was 93,0 +/- 18,8 hours. The length of the synchronized oestrus was significantly longer (P less than 0,05) than the pretreatment oestrus.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Induction of abortion in cattle with prostaglandin F2alpha and oestradiol valerate.

Twenty, 2 to 5 months pregnant heifers were injected with 25 mg. and 12.5 mg. Prostaglandin F2alpha on two consecutive days or with a single dose of 20 mg. of a long acting oestrogen (oestradiol valerate). Abortion occurred at an average interval of 3,6 days in the 10 PG F2alpha treated animals and after 10,8 days in 8 out of 10 oestradiol valerate treated heifers. The foetuses of the PG F2alpha treated heifers were in a fresh state while the oestradiol foetuses were already degenerating at the time of abortion. A rather severe vaginal discharge after abortion was more often observed in oestradiol valerate induced abortion. Development of the mammary glands and prolonged oestrus periods also was more pronounced in these animals. In both treatments the concentration of progestins in peripheral blood dropped to less than 1 ng/ml at the time of abortion. The decline was very rapid after administration of PG F2alpha and rather slow after oestradiol valerate. Based on its rapid luteolytic effect and rapid elimination after administration which prevents interferring with the endocrine system for a prolonged time, PG F2alpha is preferred as an abortifacient during the first 4 to 5 months of pregnancy in cattle.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1975

[Indications for prostaglandins in the field of reproduction in farm animals (author's transl)].

Parenteral administration of 2.5-5 mg. of prostaglandin F2alpha to horses, 15 mg. to heifers or 25-30 mg to lactating cows and 15 mg. to sheep will induce regression of the corpus luteum (luteolysis) and a fertile oestrus within 48-72 hours. Because of their luteolytic effect prostaglandins may be used in various indications in the field of reproduction. An exception is the pig in which administration of prostaglandins does not induce luteolysis before D12 and therefore fails to induce oestrus. In horses, cattle and sheep, administration of prostaglandins during the first four days of the cycle is ineffective. In the present paper, a few indications for the use of prostaglandins are described, including induction of oestrus (in cases of suboestrus), synchronisation of oestrus, termination of unwanted gestation, elimination of a persistent corpus luteum (purulent endometritis, pyometra, mummified foetus), induction of parturition. In addition, some other indications are listed, such as reduction of the interval between parturition and conception, chronic endometritis, hydroallantois, luteinized cysts and suboestrus post weaning. In the opinion of the present authors, the most important field for the use of prostaglandins will be that of induction and synchronisation of oestrus. As regards the fertility of synchronized oestrus induced by prostaglandins, it is stated that, in cattle and horses, this is superior to that following treatment with progestagen. Extensive field trials will be required to determine whether the fertility of oestrus induced by prostaglandins is equivalent to that following spontaneous oestrus.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Studies on the species, amount and base composition of nucleic acids in psoriatic scales and normal horny layer.

The amount of RNA as well as DNA is considerably increased in psoriatic scales as compared with normal horny layer; RNA was characterized as a low-molecular tRNA; as concerns the base composition of DNA, no particularities in comparison with other DNA species were found, and the base composition of tRNA revealed that cytosine and guanosine are in excess; pseudouridine could not be detected in psoriatic tRNA.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[The B.S.R. after total hip-replacement (author's transl)].

Out of 327 patients followed up for at least 2 years the changes in the B.S.R. of 260 patients with an uncomplicated postoperative course, of 10 patients with early and 11 with late infection were analyzed. Where there were no complications the BSR falls quickly and reaches its lowest level after 6 months. In early and, surprisingly, also in late infection the BSR is high and does not show any tendency to return to normal.

Adult↗
PubMed1974

Interaction of immunoglobulins with liposomes.

Liposomes were used as model targets to test the effect of immunoglobulins on biomembranes. Heat-aggregated immunoglobulins (Ig) exceeded native immunoglobulins in their capacity to release anions and glucose from model liposomes (either lecithin-dicetyl-phosphate-cholesterol or lecithin-stearylamine-cholesterol in molar ratios of 7:2:1). This interaction was not dependent upon the presence of cholesterol in the membrane. Mild heat-aggregation (10 min at 61.5 degrees C) increased the membrane-perturbing activity of certain Ig. Activity varied among classes and subclasses: IgG1 > pooled IgG > IgG4 > IgA1 > IgG3. IgG2, IgA2 and IgM were inert. Fc fragments of IgG were as active as IgG1, whereas Fab fragments were inactive. Prolonging aggregation to 60 min destroyed the activity of Ig. Membrane-activity could not be induced in non-Ig molecules (such as bovine serum albumin) by 10 or 60 min heat-aggregation. Density gradient centrifugation of IgG1 molecules indicated that membrane perturbing activity was associated with 15-20-s aggregates. Sepharose 4B chromatography demonstrated preferential interaction between cationic membranes and aggregated Ig, whereas anionic membranes interacted nonselectively with both native and aggregated Ig via salt-like interactions. One explanation for these data is that heat aggregation induces a conformational change in the Fc regions of certain Ig permitting them to interact with liposomes, presumably by enhancing their hydrophobic associations with membrane phospholipids.

Animals↗