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Biomedical subjects

A Braconnier

Publications and source records attributed to A Braconnier.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Screening for clostridium botulinum type A, B, and E in cooked chilled foods containing vegetables and raw material using polymerase chain reaction and molecular probes.

A molecular method was used for the detection of Clostridium botulinum spores of type A, B, and E in commercial cooked and pasteurized vegetable purées and in the raw materials (vegetables and other ingredients). The method allowed the detection of less than 8 spores/g of product for C. botulinum type A, less than 1 spore/g for proteolytic type B, less than 21 spores/g for nonproteolytic type B, and less than 0.1 spore/g for type E. Thirty-seven samples of raw vegetables and ingredients were tested for the presence of C. botulinum type A, B, and E; 88 and 90 samples of vegetable purées were tested, respectively, for the presence of C. botulinum type A and B and for the presence of C. botulinum type E. All samples were negative, suggesting that the prevalence of C. botulinum in these vegetable purées and the raw ingredients is probably low.

Clostridium botulinum↗
PubMed1997

[Anxiety, aggression, agitation and depression: psychopathologic aspects].

While clinical experience has long since shown that there are different types of depression, in particular anxious and hostile depressions, the psychopathological analysis of the various forms remains of current interest. At least four psychopathological models are currently available. The first raises the question of the continuity between reactions to separation, particularly studied in children, and the clinical expression of certain forms of depression in adults. In many aspects, the latter suggest the sequence: protest-despair-detachment. The second model raises the question of the relationship between the depressive disorder and the organization of certain personalities. The considerable comorbidity between the borderline personality and affective disorders suggest that these two different disorders share a common dimension. The third-cultural-model hypothesizes a relationship between the sociocultural prohibition of aggressive responses and the incidence of depression. The fourth model is based on the existence of a specific biological constraint related to abnormalities of serotonin metabolism, to which dysregulation of anxious and aggressive-impulsive behavior patterns during depression are considered related. In conclusion, it may be considered that several models, in particular that of reaction to separation, may, at least in part, account for "positive-expression" depression, but that at least two questions have still to be answered: that regarding the relationships between depression and personality, and that concerning the relationships between the psychopathological constraints related to serotonin metabolism dysfunction and the "positive" expressions.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Panic attack and panic disorder in the child and adolescent].

In the light of the current interest in the development of this disorder in adults, a number of recent studies have been devoted to the condition in children and adolescents. These papers include retrospective studies of adults suffering from the disorder, clinical reports on children or adolescents with the same problems, epidemiological studies of children and adolescents consulting psychiatrists, epidemiological studies of the general population, family studies, and studies of chemotherapeutic treatments. The conclusion from these papers is that many children and adolescents who present with physical symptoms are suffering from a panic disorder which has not been identified as such at the time. Other studies have analysed the age of onset of the first attack. All these studies are now in agreement in confirming that adolescence is the preferential age of onset of panic disorder. There even appears to be a correlation between the stages of puberty (Tanner) and the onset of panic attacks in young adolescents. At each successive stage of puberty, C. Hayward et al. (1992) found a progressively higher rate of panic attacks. "Panic disorder" thus preferentially develops in adolescence, more commonly in girls than boys, particularly in subjects who are prone to anxiety or show traits of the "avoiding personality", but who also have a depressive tendency. A number of studies also suggest that pathological separation anxiety developing in childhood represents a risk factor for the development of "panic disorder" and/or agoraphobia during adolescence or adult life. The natural history of Panic Disorder in adolescence is still little known. The greatest risk appears to be chronic anxiety, but the progressive establishment of panic disorder, its development in the direction of depressive disorder, and self-medication and/or abuse of psychotropic drugs, also give cause for concern. Finally, a number of psychopathological considerations have raised the possibility that the onset of a panic disorder may be a danger signal of an underlying depressive personality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Serotonin metabolism and other biochemical parameters in infantile autism. A controlled study of 22 autistic children.

The serotonin metabolism was extensively studied in 22 couples of autistic children and age- and sex-matched controls. Histamine, calcium, and uric acid were also measured in urine and whole blood or plasma. Autistics and controls did not differ in histamine, and only minor changes were noticed in calcium content. According to previous reports, serotonin levels were often, but not always, elevated in the blood of autistic children. Based on data including urinary serotonin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, platelet serotonin uptake and efflux, platelet monoamine oxidase and glutathione peroxidase activities, and uric acid and plasma tryptophan, the origin(s) of such hyperserotonemia in autism appear(s) to be of metabolic origin, i.e., a decreased catabolism and/or an increased biosynthesis of serotonin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Catecholamines metabolism in infantile autism: a controlled study of 22 autistic children.

In a group of 22 autistic children aged 5 to 16 years and a group of normal controls matched for age and sex, catecholamines metabolism was investigated in plasma, platelets, and urine. This investigation was part of a research project in which several biological parameters (including serotonin) were explored simultaneously in the same children. In the autistic group, epinephrine and norepinephrine were significantly elevated in plasma, while epinephrin, norepinephrine, and dopamine were significantly lower in isolated platelets. No significant difference was found between the two groups for the urinary excretion of epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, DOPAC, and MHPG. Other differences between the two groups in the statistical correlations of several biochemical parameters also suggest abnormalities of bioamine metabolism in the platelets of autistic children.

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗
PubMed1987

[New tympanomastoid repair in open technics: Galea's flap].

After an anatomical review, the authors describe the method for obtaining the temporo-parietal facial flap and its particularities in the rehabilitation of the canal down technic. The main indications of this flap are: the rehabilitation of unstable cavities, a Palva's flap alternation, a solution to the filling up after petrectomy or enlarged canal down technic.

Ear, Middle↗
PubMed1983

[A "condemned" child. Case of borderline personality disorder].

The import of this observation resides in the significance of the patient's destiny and in the poor organization of his personality, indicating that defense mechanisms may have been prevented from building up as a result of the bearing of real and phantasmic events on his mental working. We speculate that a mechanism as essential as interiorization could not develop, as a direct result of the continuous confrontation of conflicts with a disrupted reality and the recollection of this last. The limits constituted by death and incest could not be normally interiorized and integrated within the psychic organization of this young boy, "doomed" at the age of four, and perhaps even earlier.

Borderline Personality Disorder↗
PubMed1983

[Psychoanalytic therapy in adolescence].

Psychoanalytic therapies in adolescence can be classified into four groups: the analytic cure or "standard cure", psychoanalytic psychotherapy (PP), psychoanalytic psychodrama and psychoanalytic relaxation psychotherapy. In other instances, the psychoanalyst works with the adolescent's family or with the staff working in an institution for adolescents, but this does not involve a direct relationship between the psychoanalyst and the adolescent. In adolescence, PP and psychodrama seem to be the most readily used psychoanalytical methods.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Psychiatry of adolescence. Prevention of mental diseases in adults].

Several impediments to the recognition of psychological disorders in adolescents are analyzed. In spite of the difficulties, it is worthwhile to overcome these obstacles. Indeed, it must be pointed out that the therapy of psychological disturbances during adolescence has a preventive effect upon longstanding psychiatric disorders in adulthood. Psychological manifestations in adolescence can be classed into four groups: the normal process of transformation, transient psychopathological reactions to transformation, conflictual organizations and severe impediments to the process of transformation. To these four clinical groups answer different consultation settings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Depression in adolescents].

After having believed that depression is a normal feature of adolescence, most practitioners discriminate between the moderate, transient, depressive feelings, which are indeed part of the normal process of adolescence, and the various forms of true depression that may occur at this age. The problem of "depressive equivalents" is probably the most studied. Our opinion, based on a clinical and psychodynamic viewpoint, is that four types of depression can be distinguished in adolescence: anxious-depressive reactions, inferiority depression, abandonment depression and melancholic depression. These four conditions share a basic depressive reaction typified by a psychomotor slowness and "freezing" of feelings, ideas and motions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 3. Report of a case (author's transl)].

A patient with partial deletion 3p is reported. Only one other patient has been previously reported in the literature. Features the two share include microcephaly, failure to thrive, ptosis, symophrys, a broad and flat nose, a prominent maxilla, an over developed chin, and an increased number of loops on the finger tips. These observations are compared in type and countertype with known observations of trisomy 3p and of 3q duplication/3p deletion.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗