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Biomedical subjects

A Bowling

Publications and source records attributed to A Bowling.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Injuries to dancers. Prevalence, treatment and prevention.

Studies from the USA and UK indicate that the back, neck and shoulder and the lower limb (particularly the hip, knee, ankle and foot) are the most frequent sites of injury among dancers. Most injuries are soft tissue injuries. Most dancers experience injuries at some time and about half have chronic injuries. Shoulder injuries appear to be caused by frequent or unaccustomed lifting, and are treated by rest and oral anti-inflammatory medication. Back injuries include sprains, prolapsed or herniated intervertebral discs, and spondylolytic stress fractures. Several risk factors, especially training error, have been identified for overuse injuries. Hip injuries include degenerative changes and osteoarthritis, stress fractures, bursitis and damage to the sciatic nerve. The most common foot injury is an anterior lateral ligament sprain, which may lead to permanent instability in the ankle. More soundly based research into the prevalence, diagnosis and treatment of injuries is needed.

Dancing↗
PubMed1989

The White Paper and the elderly.

If government proposals for primary care are fully implemented, there will be a conflict between the requirement to seek out illness in elderly patients and the ability to deliver treatment. Budget holding practices may have particular problems and the government's intention that patients should have greater choice may be jeopardised.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Injuries to dancers: prevalence, treatment, and perceptions of causes.

A survey of injuries to dancers was commissioned by the National Organisation of Dance and Mime. Questionnaires asking about chronic and recent injuries were sent to 188 dancers and completed by 141 dancers from seven professional ballet and modern dance companies in the United Kingdom (75% response rate). It was found that of the 141 dancers, 67 (47%) had experienced a chronic injury and 59 (42%) an injury in the previous six months that had affected their dancing. A high proportion of injuries to the soft tissues had not responded to treatment. With correct treatment such injuries should usually heal completely. Dancers are aware of the high rate of injuries and also of procedures that might help to prevent injury--for example, dancing on floors that are sprung and in warmer studios; teachers' and choreographers' awareness of a dancer's limitations and the need for rest and adequate treatment when an injury occurs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Implications of preventive health behaviour for cervical and breast cancer screening programmes: a review.

The success of screening programmes for breast and cervical cancer partly depends on women's acceptance and take-up of the service. Uptake of preventive health care programmes appears to be related to people's underlying motivations and attitudes, not only towards the disease in question, but towards health and illness generally. The perceived costs to the individual of embarking on particular courses of action also have to be taken into consideration. These attitudes and motivations vary between social groups. Unless the reasons for non-participation in preventive health care and screening programmes is understood, programmes will be misdirected and inappropriately designed. However, the failure of any one theory to account for most of the variance in health behaviour between social groups emphasizes the importance of health education and provision of information about health and prevention on a personal basis. General practitioners and practice based nurses are in a good position to be able to elicit the fears, prejudices and priorities of patients in this area, and thus provide more effective health education and information about preventive and screening services.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Accuracy of electoral registers and Family Practitioner Committee lists for population studies of the very elderly.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to assess the accuracy of Family Practitioner Committee (FPC) lists for identifying very elderly people registered with general practitioners. DESIGN: The accuracy of available FPC lists was checked against the most recent electoral register to determine which recorded individuals were still living at their FPC registered addresses. This was followed by a postal and home visit enquiry to validate the accuracy of the electoral register. SETTING: The study was carried out in the London borough of Hackney. PARTICIPANTS: The investigation was confined to persons aged 85 and over. RESULTS: Of a total of 3018 people listed as being 85 years or over by the FPC, 1183 (39%) were listed on the electoral register. Of these, 751 (63%) were living at their registered address, ie 25% of the people in the original FPC list. A further 154 (5%) of the original list were not recorded on the electoral register but were alive at the FPC recorded address. CONCLUSIONS: the use of FPC lists alone to identify the very elderly in an inner city population is too inaccurate to be of value. The combined use of FPC lists and the electoral register is better but one in six persons will still be missed.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Mortality after bereavement: a review of the literature on survival periods and factors affecting survival.

Mortality rates for widowed people in every age group are known to be higher than for married people. Research suggests that the widowed have a greater risk of dying than married people of a similar age, the excess risk being greater for men. Little is known, however, about the causes of their apparently higher mortality rates. This paper examines the evidence relating to mortality rates and survival periods after bereavement. Explanations for the excess risk are discussed.

Death↗
PubMed1987

Patient use of a paediatric hospital casualty department in the east end of London.

This paper describes two surveys carried out at the accident and emergency department of Queen Elizabeth Hospital, a specialist children's hospital situated in the east end of London. Both studies explored factors influencing attendance at the accident and emergency department. One was based on an analysis of recorded information (hospital notes) for a random sample of attenders, spread over a 12-month period. The second was based on personal interviews with a sample of children's parents. Both studies found problems with access to general practitioner care to be the main factors influencing attendance.

Child↗
PubMed1987

Risk factors for mortality after bereavement: a logistic regression analysis.

A national sample of elderly widowed people was followed up for six years. Excess mortality was found for men aged 75 years and over in the first six months of bereavement compared with men of the same age in the general population. Logistic regression analysis, controlling for age and sex together, demonstrated that the best independent predictors of mortality among the elderly widowed were: interviewer assessment of low happiness level; interviewer assessed and self-reported problems with nerves and depression; and lack of telephone contacts. The general practitioner is well placed to assess levels of depression and unhappiness among the widowed and to check that they have adequate social support.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Appropriate use of drugs by elderly people.

The effectiveness and safety of prescribed medication theoretically depends on the patient correctly following the prescriber's instructions. However, patient compliance is often difficult to achieve. This paper discusses reasons for this in relation to elderly people, and attempts to remedy the situation are reviewed.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

District Health Authority policy and the 'extended clinical role of the nurse' in primary health care.

Historical trends encouraging the extended role of the nurse in general practice are described, and Department of Health and Social Security (DHSS) policy regarding this and the legal position of the nurse, discussed. The results of a postal questionnaire to all 192 Directors of Nursing Services (DNSs) (Community) in England are presented. The study aimed to document the extent to which nursing policies at district level had been developed to meet DHSS recommendations. Although 71% of the DNSs questioned said a policy on the extended role of the nurse had been drawn up in their districts, few met all three criteria recommended by the DHSS: specific task definition, training requirements and legal safeguards.

Community Health Nursing↗
PubMed1984

The scope for preventive medicine in general practice in the East End.

Primary care is seen as an obvious setting for preventive programmes, but a number of studies present a negative view of inner city primary care, with criticism directed particularly at older single-handed GPs. This may not be justified. A survey of 56 of the 84 GPs in the inner London borough of Tower Hamlets, found a higher than average proportion of single-handed GPs over 60 and a high level of dissatisfaction with premises. Half said they carried out some kind of preventive programme, usually hypertension screening, and three quarters were interested in doing so. Only one practice had a patient support group, but 70 per cent thought they were a good idea. Given support and help, more GPs would consider preventive programmes and set up patient support groups.

Data Collection↗