Biomedical subjects

A Bosman

Publications and source records attributed to A Bosman.

42 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1991

Plasmodium falciparum malaria transmission indices in a highland village of the Ikopa River Valley near Antananarivo, Madagascar.

Data are reported from a malaria survey carried out in June 1991 in the small village of Ankadimbazinba, near Miantso, about 45 km North-West of Antananarivo (Madagascar). The objective was to evaluate the level of transmission of P. falciparum by entomological, parasitological and serological indices. All indices were found consistent with the description of a focus of hyperendemic transmission dependent on the presence of An. funestus at high density, corresponding to more than 50 females per house collected by hand catch. The positivity rate for the circumsporozoite protein (CS) of P. falciparum in blood-fed or gravid An. funestus was 2.0% (11/562) in the house resting sample. The parasite rate in the village population was 47.9% reaching 68.4% in the 0-14 age group and the gametocyte rate in the total sample was 25.0%. The seroprevalence of P. falciparum antisporozoite antibodies was 40.0% in children under 15 years old, 84.2% in the 15-29 age group and 90.9% in the over 29 age group.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

The malaria epidemic in Antananarivo observed from Pediatric Service "A" of the Befelatanana General Hospital.

A recent malaria epidemic striking Antananarivo, the capital city of Madagascar, is shown from hospital records of Pediatric Service "A" of the Befelatanana General Hospital. From 1980 to 1988 malaria cases in this hospital service increased from 0.9% to 14.4% of all admissions (on average 1785 per year). The unexpected expansion is observed in 1984, 1985 and 1986 and since that time malaria has apparently maintained a stable endemic level. Malaria mortality as a proportion of general mortality in the service followed a parallel course but the case fatality rate remained constant during the whole period, in spite of the progressive increase of cerebral malaria (coma) cases. Hospitalized malaria children came mainly from Western and Southern urban and periurban areas of Antananarivo, more rarely from the central areas, the hilly zone, the North and the East of the city.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1986

[Prevalence of malaria in Ouagadougou and the surrounding rural environment during the period of maximal transmission].

The prevalence of malaria infections was estimated in six different areas of the town of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, and in three neighbouring villages. Thick and thin blood films from a total of 2,117 children less than 5 years old were examined at the peak of the transmission season (August-September). Plasmodium falciparum was found in more than 98% of the positive slides. The overall parasite index at Ouagadougou was 16%, while indices from 51 to 88% were recorded in the three villages. Significant differences were observed between the six urban areas within the town as well as between the three villages. The highest parasite rates in the town were clearly associated with major breeding places of An. gambiae s.l. indicating a remarkable focality of transmission. Significant differences were observed between groups of children from houses only 300 m apart. Chemoprophylaxis appears to play an important role in determining parasite rates lower than expected in one of the three villages.

Animals↗

PubMed1981

[Anesthetic aspects of heart tamponade due to amebic liver abscess. A case report].

The problem of tamponade due to rupture of an amoebic abscess, although rare, is extremely complex, and in the planning of the anaesthetic technique the following factors should receive attention: (i) the low cardiac output in which bradycardia, vasodilation, high inflation pressures and excessive fluid load must be avoided: (ii) pulmonary complications in which a double-lumen endotracheal tube should be considered; and (iii) sepsis.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Our attitude in esophageal and gastric post-caustic lesions].

The authors present the experience of the surgery section in patients treatment with oesophagian or gastric lesions after caustic substances ingestion. From a group of 70 patients who were treated in a conservative way (with medicines and dilatations) 60 of them returned to the surgery for nourishment gastrostomy. In two cases, the oesophagian and gastric lesions was established preoperations trough radiologic examination and in thirteen cases the lesions were found intraoperation. The adopted attitude is exemplified presenting a case. Under a general anaesthesia is done a limited resection (about 3 cm) with termino-terminal anastomosis of the stenosed antral area keeping the vascular arches of the little and big gastric curvature. A minimal a la Gavriliu gastrostomy is mounted on the vertical area of the little curvature. Through the gastrostomy (Petzzer) probe is put a tube of perfusor to the first jejununal ansa. In the first 48 hours the Petzeer is used for the gastric drainage in the perfusor probe for feeding. After 48 hours the jejununal probe is taken away and the gastrostomic feeding begins. After six mouths from the caustic ingestion 25 patients come back again for oesophagian reconstruction. For 24 patients the Gavriliu I, II proceeding is applied and for a case it is used the small intestine ansa. They lost 3 patients (2 with gastric tube and 1 with intestinal ansa). The evolution in 24 years time was very good.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Further observations on chemoprophylaxis and prevalence of malaria using questionnaire data in urban and rural areas of Burkina Faso.

A cross-sectional study of malaria prevalence (98.6% Plasmodium falciparum) was carried out in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso) and in 3 neighbouring villages on 2117 children, zero to five years old. Data on antimalarial prophylaxis and treatment were obtained from the child's parent using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Regular weekly chloroquine consumption lowered the parasite rate but a significant increase with respect to parasite density was recorded in protected children from the rural area. No significant differences related to previous antimalarial treatments were observed in parasite rate or density. Antimalarial treatments were less frequent in children under chemoprophylaxis. Information about dosage and date of therapy was not recalled by most of the interviewed parents. Problems and suggestions for questionnaire data are briefly discussed.

Burkina Faso↗