Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A Borsos.
The authors discuss about the questions connected with the time of the storage of the human cryopreserved preembryos. After approaching the different interest of the participants and giving the variable international statements the authors are preparing their suggestion for the limitation of the storage of the cryopreserved human preembryos.
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The presence of Chlamydia trachomatis antigen was examined in 20 sexually active teenage girls by enzyme immunoassay to prove chlamydial infection. Seven of the study group showed evidence of C. trachomatis infection. The infection was more frequent in girls who used a non-barrier method for contraception and had more than four sexual partners previously. Screening for and treatment of C. trachomatis infection in high-risk teenage girls is recommended.
In a longitudinal study the british pediatrician J.M. Tanner evaluated the development of breasts (thelarche), of pubic hairs (pubarche) and age of menarche. In Hungary we did a similar evaluation in 680 girls in the years 1980 to 1986. Comparing these data in a cross-sectional study with similar data from Münster we named the results central-european study. The results are similar the Tanner ones exceptionally the duration of breast development, which was shorter than in the hitherto published longitudinal studies. Mean age of menarche in our study was 12.5 years compared with 13.5 years in the former ones. This is not a confirmation to acceleration of puberty, because in other countries age of menarche was stabile. Additionally, to thelarche, pubarche and menarche we collected data about axillarche.
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The aim of the study was to determine the date of regular ovulation after the menarche to better understand the physiology of female adolescence, especially as it pertains to the use of hormonal contraception. Early morning urine samples were collected from 51 girls in the perimenarche for 9 weeks semi-annually during 2 years. Estrone- and pregnanediol-3-glucuronide values were determined. Cycles lasting 35-40 days at the onset of menses shortened to 28 days after the 23rd-25th cycle. Menses reached a 5.0-5.5 day average length at about the same time. After the 20th cycle, ovulation could be demonstrated in more than 50% of the study patients. Using a scoring system, regular ovulation could be expected on the basis of somatic data with scores of greater than 16. Hormonal contraception may be prescribed 2 years after the menarche, based on scores of greater than 16 and ovulation proven be hormonal cytology and basal body temperature.
As a part of the Central European Study a long-term study of the pubertal development of 687 Hungarian girls was undertaken and the findings compared with those of a cross-sectional study of a group of girls from Münster. In addition to assessment of the breast and pubic hair according to Tanner's classification, the development of axillary hair was, for the first time, subdivided into five stages (A1 to A5). This pubertal feature was related to the characteristics already known and, because of the absence of literature, compared with the author's own data. Stage A1 is the infantile stage, in which there is no hair development. In Stage A2, isolated, long, barely visible hairs appear. Stage A3 is marked by the development of a narrow band of sparse hair. In Stage A4 the area covered by hair is larger, and the hair has become more dense. Stage A5 is the adult stage, with a longish, rectangular area covered by hair of a density and texture found in adults. The development of axillary hair began at a average age of 11.94 years, with a standard deviation of 0.93 years. The subsequent stage (A3) was reached at a mean age of 12.53 +/- 0.92 years. At age 12.99 +/- 0.87 years Stage A4 was well developed. The adult hair covering appeared at a mean age of 13.58 +/- 0.66 years. The mean duration of development of the axillary hair was 2.28 +/- 0.60 years. Axillary hair was generally the last pubertal characteristic of development. Only in 5.5% of the girls was axillary hair the first sign of puberty.
Estrone and pregnanediol-glucuronide values of early morning urine samples collected from young girls in the perimenarche were determined by radioimmunological technique. A total of 58 teenage girls started collecting urine samples after their menarche at various times. Of these, 9 completed collection within 100 days of the onset of the first menstrual period. In 3 cases, insignificant changes in estrone and pregnanediol levels were noted. Normal estrone values were found in 3 cases together with pregnanediol levels suggestive of ovulation. In 2 further cases the possibility of ovulation without follicular release was suggested. The results indicate that ovarian activity is unpredictable immediately following the menarche. Between very low levels of sexual steroid hormone production and those normally observed in adult females, all transitional values could be found.
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Curettage during pregnancy or puerperium had preceded the development of Asherman's syndrome in 128 of 141 patients (90.7 per cent). The greatest importance is attributed to artificial abortion. Adhesions are rarely caused by other factors, such as caesarean section, tuberculous endometritis, etc. The trauma of curettage plays the most important role in the aetiopathogenesis of Asherman's syndrome. There are several factors which contribute to the damaging effect of curettage, among them inflammatory processes, previous abortions, and hormonal factors. The possibility of prophylaxis is discussed.
The authors gave treatment to 126 patients with Asherman's syndrome. The principles of that treatment are described, and the results are evaluated with regard to aetiology, localisation, and extent of adhesions. Menstruation was completely settled in 44.4 per cent of the above cases and partially in 19.8 per cent. Forty per cent of the sterile patients then turned pregnant. Twenty-two patients had normal deliveries and 20 miscarriages. Placenta praevia and accreta occurred quite often due to defective implantation. The therapeutic results depended primarily on the dimensions of the adhesions and on the functionality of the remaining endometrium.
A ten-year record of experience obtained from an outpatient centre of paediatric gynaecology is reported in this paper. Reference is made in greater detail to organisational setup, examination techniques, diseases established, and principles of the therapy. A new instrument for vaginal discharge sampling is described.
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