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Biomedical subjects

A Borowski

Publications and source records attributed to A Borowski.

47 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Symptoms, diagnosis, and therapy of primary sarcomas of the pulmonary artery.

Primary sarcoma of the pulmonary artery is a rare tumor which must be considered in differential diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. The data of the 93 cases published up to now is evaluated synoptically after a report on a primary sarcoma of the pulmonary artery. Modern diagnostic imaging methods (pulmonary DSA, perfusion scintigraphy, echocardiography, computer tomography, nuclear magnetic resonance tomography) may corroborate the suspicion of a sarcoma of the pulmonary artery. With a median survival time of 1.5 months, the prognosis of patients with primary sarcomas of the pulmonary artery must be regarded extremely poor. After tumor excision, the median survival time of the patients could be prolonged (statistically significant; p less than 0.01) to ten months. The significance of adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy cannot be appraised at present.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1988

Interference with the prostaglandin system as a therapeutical concept to protect the myocardium during ischemic stress: experimental studies with inhibition of thromboxane synthesis.

The characterization of thromboxane A2 as vasoconstrictor and potent stimulus of platelet aggregation has led to attempts to overcome these effects obviously unfavourable in ischemia. As an attractive approach, we examined potentially protective results of thromboxane synthetase inhibition on canine myocardium stressed by transient ischemia, using as inhibitor the imidazole derivative UK 38.485. On anaesthetized open-chest mongrel-dogs (n = 5) repeated ischemia (3 min) was produced by proximal, intermittent occlusion of the LAD artery. In each experiment 3-4 control occlusions were compared to 3-4 occlusions under therapy. The efficiency of the drug (5 mg/kg body weight, i.v., 30 min before therapy occlusion) was examined (a) by quantification of the energy deficit occurring as the difference between oxygen demand and uptake during occlusion, (b) by the amounts of potassium, inorganic phosphate, and lactate released in the postischemic reperfusion and (c) by changes of the regional myocardial wall function in the central- and peripheral ischemic zone. Compared to control, premedication with UK 38.485 led to a reduced energy deficit (-39.1%; p less than 0.01) combined with a significant decrease in the release of potassium (-15.7%; p less than 0.001), inorganic phosphate (-20.2%; p less than 0.002), and lactate (-20.7%; p less than 0.01). Regional myocardial wall function was improved in the central and peripheral ischemic region as demonstrated by a significantly reduced systolic bulging. The protective effects seem to be mainly due to enhanced flow to ischemic areas.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Asymptomatic myocardial abscess.

This report describes a rare case of an asymptomatic myocardial abscess which was not associated with infective endocarditis but was diagnosed to be a tumor and treated by open-heart surgery. A 69-year-old patient without a history of endocarditis or myocardial infarction was submitted to invasive cardiac diagnostics after an embolic event in the brachial artery. Investigation revealed an "intracardiac tumor" and the patient subsequently underwent open-heart surgery. After cardiotomy the suggested tumor was found in the posterior wall of the left atrium adjacent to the mitral ring, appearing as a circumscribed, indurated, and plane area. After incision for biopsy, a cheesy pus emptied from a cavity. The tissue sections showed an intramural myocardial abscess. Because of the extent, location and the character of the abscess, the cavity was closed after rinsing using mattress sutures. The postoperative course was uncomplicated. This report demonstrates that in suspected cardiac tumors a myocardial abscess should be considered in any differential diagnosis despite the rarity of the event, since the diagnosis of the myocardial abscess is not an absolute indication for surgical intervention.

Abscess↗
PubMed1983

Immune complexes in children with different forms of glomerulonephritis.

The occurrence of circulating immune complexes was tested in 43 children with different forms of glomerulonephritis (GN). The presence of immune complexes was demonstrated in sera of 6 out of 10 patients with GN of hepatitis B etiology, in 6 out of 11 patients with GN of bacterial etiology, and in 3 out of 10 patients with GN of unknown etiology. Immune complexes were not found in sera of 3 patients with Schönlein-Henoch disease, in 6 patients with lipoid nephrosis, and in 3 patients with GN and hepatitis B as a coexisting infection. In a patient with membrane-capillary GN which appeared after infection with hepatitis B virus we demonstrated immune complexes of M.W. 4.0 X 10(6) and 7.5 X 10(5).

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Down syndrome as a factor influencing hemodynamic response to pulmonary artery banding.

The hemodynamic response to pulmonary artery banding (PAB) in relation to the preoperative pulmonary/systemic vascular resistance (Rp/Rs) ratio and to the timing of surgery, with special regard to Down syndrome, was investigated in 56 nonconsecutive pediatric patients aged 3 days to 6 months (mean 2.5 months) with simple and complex congenital shunt-related cardiac malformations. Among the non-Down patient group (39 patients; mean age 6.9 weeks) there was a good hemodynamic response in all but three cases, irrespective of the preoperative Rp/Rs ratio; these three poor responders had preoperatively normal or nearly normal Rp/Rs ratios (Rp/Rs < 0.3) and were affected postoperatively by lung complications. In the Down patient group (17 patients; mean age 8.2 weeks) the mean preoperative as well as the mean postoperative Rp/Rs ratio was higher than in the non-Down patient group (preoperative Rp/Rs 0.49 versus 0.32; postoperative Rp/Rs 0.31 versus 0.18). There was a good hemodynamic response in all five patients with Down syndrome who had preoperative normal or nearly normal pulmonary vascular resistance ratios (Rp/Rs < 0.3). Among 12 patients with Down syndrome and preoperative increased resistance ratios (Rp/Rs > 0.3) PAB did not cause a reduction in pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) in five patients (postoperative Rp/Rs 0.49-1.00), all operated on at more than 6 weeks of age. PAB resulted in effective reduction of postoperative Rp/Rs ratios (range 0.10-0.27) in seven patients, six of them younger and one older than 6 weeks at the time of the banding procedure. In conclusion, patients with Down syndrome and shunt-related cardiac malformations (predominantly total atrioventricular canal cases) in general have higher pre- and postoperative Rp/Rs ratios than non-Down children and also have a higher potential for developing pulmonary vascular obstructive disease despite hemodynamically effective PAB. Especially in children with Down syndrome and pathologically high resistance ratios, PAB, if indicated, should be performed as early as possible.

Down Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Silent persistent ductus arteriosus].

We report on 14 observations undertaken by ourselves of silent persistent ductus arteriosus (SPDA). During a three year period with the routine use of color doppler flow evaluation we found cases of SPDA in 14 children. A very little ductus arteriosus is already known to us through earlier heart catheter examinations which were undertaken because of other isolated heart defects (16 cases in 345 isolated heart defects over 10 years). We also consider the fact that SPDA is not an infrequent result after the occlusion of a patent ductus arteriosus with the Rashkind-Occluder-System and after operative ligatures of patent ductus arteriosus. Finally, we compare our results concerning the frequency of SPDA with current literature and discuss consequential therapies.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Minimally invasive, nonendoscopic saphenectomy for coronary bypass surgery.

In 200 consecutive patients who underwent elective and emergency coronary bypass surgery, a minimally invasive, nonendoscopic technique for greater saphenous vein harvesting was used and the clinical results evaluated. The technique is easy, rapid, and routinely applicable in elective and emergency coronary bypass procedures. The cosmetic effect is excellent and the saphenectomy-related morbidity low.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intermittent obstruction of the Omnicarbon-valve prosthesis in the mitral position due to interference by papillary muscle. Diagnostic and surgical considerations.

The frequency of prosthetic heart valve malfunction caused by intrinsic factors has been markedly decreased by refinements of prosthetic design and by improved quality of the prosthetic material. Nevertheless, a variety of extrinsic factors, i.e. thrombus formation, bacterial endocarditis, inadequate suture technique and papillary muscle entrapment, are known to be responsible for mechanical malfunctions of prosthetic heart valves, occasionally leading to sudden cardiac death. In this report, a case of intermittent entrapment of papillary muscle in the Omnicarbon valve is presented; diagnostic and surgical aspects are discussed.

Aortic Valve↗