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Biomedical subjects

A Borgeat

Publications and source records attributed to A Borgeat.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Subhypnotic doses of propofol relieve pruritus induced by epidural and intrathecal morphine.

We investigated the efficacy of subhypnotic doses of propofol for spinal morphine-induced pruritus in a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Fifty patients, ASA physical status 1-3, with spinal morphine-induced pruritus were allocated to receive either 1 ml propofol (10 mg) or 1 ml placebo (Intralipid) intravenously after gynecologic, orthopedic, thoracic, or gastrointestinal surgery. In the absence of a positive response, a second drug treatment was given 5 min later. The persistence of pruritus 5 min after the second treatment dose was considered a treatment failure. All failures then received, in an open fashion, a supplementary dose of propofol (10 mg) and were reevaluated 5 min later. Both groups were well matched. The success rate was significantly greater in the propofol group (84%) than in the placebo (16%) group (P less than 0.05). Ninety percent of the treatment failures in the placebo group were successfully treated by a supplementary dose of 10 mg propofol. Eight percent of the patients (4% in each group) were resistant to all treatments, including naloxone 0.08 mg intravenously. Three patients had a slight increase in sedation in the propofol group versus none in control (not significant). The beneficial effect of treatment was longer than 60 min in 85% of patients in the propofol group and in 100% of the controls (not significant). These results suggest that propofol in a subhypnotic dose is an efficient drug treatment for spinal morphine-induced pruritus. At the dose administered (10 mg), side effects were rare and minor.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Subhypnotic doses of propofol possess direct antiemetic properties.

Propofol is associated with a low incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting. In a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, we investigated the possible direct antiemetic properties of a subhypnotic dose of propofol. Fifty-two ASA physical status I or II patients, aged 15-60 yr with nausea and vomiting after minor gynecologic, orthopedic, or digestive tract surgery, were included in the study and received either propofol (10 mg = 1 mL) or placebo (1 mL Intralipid) intravenously in the postanesthesia care unit. Patients treated with propofol experienced a larger reduction in nausea and vomiting than patients treated with placebo (81% vs 35% success rate; P less than 0.05). Patients successfully treated had a similar incidence of relapse (propofol 28%; placebo 22%) within the first 30 min after therapy. Thirty-three percent of the propofol-treated patients and 44% of the placebo-treated patients showed a minor increase in sedation. The level of postoperative pain did not change in either group. Hemodynamic values remained unchanged in both groups. Pain on injection (7.6%) or dizziness (3.6%) only occurred in the propofol group. We conclude that propofol has significant direct antiemetic properties.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[The importance of neurologic monitoring in anesthesiology].

Owing to the recent advances of bioelectric signals computerized treatment a real monitoring of anaesthesia is now possible, either by EEG or by classical or event-related evoked potentials methods. Available methods and their indications and difficulties are discussed with the help of some clinical examples.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1992

Propofol and cholestatic pruritus.

Hepatic cholestatis is frequently associated with pruritus. This pruritus is often intractable and resistant to conventional treatment. We treated three patients with intractable cholestatic pruritus with subhypnotic doses of propofol, a new intravenous anesthetic induction agent. All patients rapidly became itch- and scratch-free for a period of 60-90 min. No sedation occurred; no other side effects were observed.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Sedation by propofol in tetanus--is it a muscular relaxant?

We investigated the muscular relaxant properties of propofol in a 54 year-old-man with severe tetanus. Four consecutive boluses of propofol 50 mg i.v. were administered. Mean muscular activity recorded on an electromyography (EMG) decreased from 100 to 10-25 mV within 15 s after each bolus. EMG values were restored to prior levels 10 min after the last bolus. Maximum decrease of muscular activity was observed with propofol blood level between 2.90-3.20 micrograms.ml-1. Neuromuscular function recorded by means of evoked electromyography was not affected by propofol administration.

Electroencephalography↗
PubMed1991

Prevention of arrhythmias after noncardiac thoracic operations: flecainide versus digoxin.

Cardiac arrhythmias are known complications of thoracic operations. The prophylactic value of flecainide administered as a constant-rate, intravenous infusion (0.15 mg.kg-1.h-1) after a loading dose (2 mg.kg-1) was compared with digoxin (10 micrograms.kg-1 for 12 hours, then 0.25 mg.24 h-1) in a randomized study in 30 patients using Holter monitoring during the first 72 hours after operation. Drug monitoring was performed every day to keep a serum level of flecainide of 200 to 600 ng.mL-1 and a digoxin level of 0.8 to 2 ng.mL-1. Failure, defined as the appearance of atrial fibrillation or flutter or the development of complex ventricular arrhythmias (Lown IVb and V), was observed in one patient in the flecainide group (7%) and in 7 patients in the digoxin group (47%) (p less than 0.05). It is concluded that flecainide is more efficient than digoxin in preventing and treating cardiac arrhythmias after thoracic operations. At the dosage used side effects related to flecainide or digoxin were not observed.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗