Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Bono

Publications and source records attributed to A Bono.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Fine-needle aspiration biopsy in parotid masses.

Seventy-nine cases of parotid masses were punctured by fine needle for cytologic examination and subsequently operated on. Of the material obtained, conventional smears, as well as formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded histologic sections were prepared. The two procedures detected 16 malignant tumors and 63 nonmalignant lesions, with a high sensitivity (86%) and absolute specificity (100%). These data confirm the validity of this combined method and favor the complementary use of the two procedures, which improves the accuracy (80%) of preoperative diagnosis and histologic typing of parotid tumors.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1983

Solubilization, gel filtration and sedimentation behaviour of prolactin receptors from human ovarian tissue.

Receptors for 125I-labelled human prolactin have been identified in the crude membrane fraction isolated from human ovarian tissue. The non-ionic detergent Triton X-100, has been used to solubilize the membrane fraction. The presence of the receptor in the detergent extract was demonstrated by gel filtration and sucrose density gradient centrifugation. The binding was time-temperature dependent, being maximal at 23 degrees C after 15 h of incubation. Large amounts of other peptide hormones did not inhibit the binding of 125I-labelled human prolactin. The binding Scatchard analysis demonstrated that the affinity of the soluble receptor (Ka 1.13 +/- 0.15 X 10(10) M-1) for the labelled hormone was slightly greater than that of the crude membrane fraction (Ka 0.91 +/- 0.12 X 10(10) M-1). The binding capacity of the solubilized receptor was also significantly greater than that seen in the particulate before solubilization. The apparent Stokes radius of the solubilized receptor was estimated to be 57 A and that the hormone-receptor complex 60 A. The sedimentation coefficient of the solubilized receptor was 7.0 +/- 0.1 s, whereas that of the hormone-receptor complex was 7.5 +/- 0.2 s.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Accuracy of breast cancer diagnosis by physical, radiologic and cytologic combined examinations.

Physical examination, mammography and fine-needle aspiration cytology were performed in 1498 consecutive cases with a solitary solid lump of the female breast. The intent was to verify the validity of this diagnostic triplet in the accuracy of the preoperative diagnosis of breast cancer. Clinically sure cancers were excluded from the study. The collected data were evaluated in terms of sensitivity, specificity and predictivity of any procedure alone or in combination. In 1138 cases confirmed by histology (514 carcinomas and 669 benign or non-neoplastic lesions), the physical examination and mammography were very sensitive (respectively 96% and 84%) but with a high rate of false-positive reports (respectively 20% and 18%). The cytologic diagnosis was less sensitive (65%), mostly due to many inadequate smears, but highly specific (93%) and predictive for malignancy (99%) when the cytologic report was frankly positive. Any single procedure improved the overall sensitivity, and taken together this triplet appears to be the most effective noninvasive diagnostic combination that provides in a short time with minimal cost and discomfort, a diagnosis of certain malignancy in about 50% of carcinomas with a predictivity close to 100%, when cytology detected malignancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

HeLa nuclear, mitochondrial and microsomal binding proteins for vitamin A compounds.

HeLa cells cultured in Eagle's medium incorporate and metabolize (3H) 11,12-retinyl acetate: TLC analysis of vitamin A extracts shows that no more than 7% of retinyl acetate is recovered from the cell sap, whole homogenate, nuclei, mitochondria and microsomes. Physiological active vitamin A compounds (retinol, retinal and retinoic acid) represent about 65% of the vitamin A extracted from homogenate, nuclei, mitochondria and microsomes. 1% SDS extracts of nuclei and mitochondria were analyzed by PAG electrophoresis. Nuclear electrophoregrams show vitamin A radioactivity in three zones of the gel corresponding to proteins with molecular weights of 15,000; 19,000 and 23,000 respectively. In mitochondrial electrophoregrams vitamin A radioactivity is located in three zones of the gel, corresponding to proteins with molecular weights of 16,500, 24,000 and 85,000 respectively.

Cell Survival↗
PubMed1981

Prognostic significance of the growth rate of breast cancer: preliminary evaluation on the follow-up of 196 breast cancers.

The doubling time (DT) of 196 consecutive breast cancers was studied by means of a double mammographic examination (average time between the 2 mammographies, 30 days) and calculated with the formula of exponential growth. On the basis of DT values the case series was divided into 3 groups of growth: fast (DT from 1 to 30 days), 31 cases (15.8%), intermediate (DT from 31 to 90 days), 84 cases (42.9%), slow (DT more than 90 days), 81 cases (41.3%). No relationship was found between growth rate and size of tumor, or menopausal status of the patient. After mastectomy fast and slow cases were equally distributed in the N- and N+ groups, whereas for the intermediate cases the N- : N+ ratio was 1 : 2. One hundred and thirty-four cases were followed for a period of 12 to 52 months. Evaluation was done on the basis of the subdivision into N- 2nd N+, and the latter group into N+ (1-3) and N+ (greater than 3). For N- tumors the course of the disease was apparently not affected by the growth rate. However, the case of fast growing tumors showed a higher proportion of recurrences with respect to N+ slow growing tumors. This difference was even more noticeable the higher the number of involved lymph nodes, but not statistically significant. The course of slow growing tumors was identical in the N- and N+ groups, but all the N+ tumors were subjected to adjuvant chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Use of staphylococcal protein A for the detection of rubella virus IgM antibodies].

The ability of Staphylococcus aureus protein A to bind human serum immunoglobulin of different classes and the conditions which allow a selective reduction of IgG in comparison to other immunoglobulin classes were preliminarly studied. Working under standardized conditions, a recovery of 3.5% of the initial value for IgG, of 40-50% for IgM and of 70-75% for IgA was obtained. Rubella HI antibodies, before and after staphylococcus treatment, were titred in 88 sera collected from adult women at different times from hexantema and in 210 sera of 109 subjects exposed to eventual contamination. The results were compared with the ones obtained by means of sucrose density gradient centrifugation followed by titration of rubella HI antibodies in the fractions. The tests proved that HI antibodies titration, before and after serum treatment with staphylococcal protein A, can be used, as presumptive test, for the research of rubella specific IgM antibodies. In fact, all the sera, on which the presence of rubella IgM antibodies was proved by sucrose density gradient centrifugation, were also positive after staphylococcus treatment. In 15% of sera resulting positive for HI rubella antibodies after staphylococcus treatment, usually at low titer, the presence of specific IgM antibodies was not detected by serum fractionation on sucrose density gradient ("false positive" cases). The results of serological diagnosis, carried out by using treatment with staphylococcal protein A and serum fractionation on sucrose density gradient, matched the clinical-epidemiological data. Twenty-seven women, out of 28 examined during the first three months of pregnancy and for whom serological diagnosis of a "recent" rubella virus infection was negative, had normal children at normal time. Therefore only in one case a spontaneous abortion occurred for uncertain causes. Rubella virus was isolated from the embryo of a woman who interrupted pregnancy because asymptomatic rubella virus infection was serologically diagnosed in the second month.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1977

The treatment of advanced carcinoma of the bladder with a combination of adriamycin and 5-fluorouracil.

52 patients with advanced bladder cancer, no longer controlled by conventional therapy, have been treated by combination chemotherapy with Adriamycin and 5-fluorouracil. The objective remission rate has been 40%. The morbidity of the chemotherapy has not been excessive. The response has not been related to the histological grade of the primary tumour and previous treatment. Patients with a good performance status (Karnofsky index) have responded better than those with a poor performance status.

Doxorubicin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Correlation between the effects of retinoic acid and dexamethasone on liver tyrosine aminotransferase.

A single dose of 50 microg of trans-retinoic acid administered to rats significantly raised the level of hepatic tyrosine after a few hours. This effect was compared with that of dexamethasone and a possible correlation between these effectors was also investigated. An equal increase in enzyme activity level caused by retinoic acid was observed in adrenalectomized rats, leading to the suggestion that the effect of retinoic acid on liver tyrosine aminotransferase is independent of glucocorticoids. However, the study of the binding activity of the liver nuclear glucocorticoid receptors vs dexamethasone showed that this activity is favoured by retinoic acid, whereas no variation was evidenced for retinoic acid receptors caused by dexamethasone. In the adrenalectomized rat, the synergistic effect produced by the association of retinoic acid and dexamethasone at the lowest doses used led us to conclude that retinoic acid is an efficient effector of liver tyrosine aminotransferase. It probably affects tyrosine aminotransferase activity in a dependent and an independent way, regulated respectively by the glucorticoid status and by the provision of retinoic acid.

Adrenalectomy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Aztreonam monotherapy as prophylaxis in transurethral resection of the prostate: a multicenter study.

The efficacy and safety of aztreonam in the prophylaxis of urinary tract infection following transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in patients with preoperatively sterile urine were studied in a multicenter trial including 300 patients at six Italian urology centers. The present report describes the first 192 patients enrolled in the protocol. Aztreonam or placebo was administered to each patient in three doses, which were given at the induction of anesthesia and 8 and 16 hours later. The development of bacteriuria was monitored by cultures of urine obtained before surgery, 3 days later, at removal of the bladder catheter, at discharge from the hospital, and at a follow-up visit 39-46 days after surgery. A febrile peak was observed for 6% of aztreonam-treated patients and for 20.9% of the placebo group (P less than .005), while bacteriuria was reported in 17.9% and 59.3% of these groups, respectively (P less than .001). From our data, TURP appears to be a clean-contaminated procedure requiring antibiotic prophylaxis, and aztreonam appears to reduce significantly the incidence of postoperative bacteriuria after this surgical procedure.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antiepileptic drugs and peripheral nerve function: a multicenter screening investigation of 141 patients with chronic treatment. Collaborative Group for the Study of Epilepsy.

One hundred forty-one adult patients treated for no less than 6 months with standard daily doses of the commonest antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) were recruited in five Italian centers and submitted to intensive clinical and electrophysiologic investigation to assess the effects of AEDs on peripheral nerves. Eighty percent of the patients were receiving monotherapy. Carbamazepine (CBZ) was the most common AED (51 cases), followed by phenytoin (PHT) (46), phenobarbital (PB) (42), and valproate (VPA) (25). Fifty-three percent of the patients had one or more symptoms of polyneuropathy (paresthesias being the most common complaint). The neurologic examination was abnormal in 32%. Electrophysiologic findings in two or more separate nerves were abnormal in 77 patients (54.6%); of these, 27 (19.1%) had abnormal neurologic findings and 21 (14.9%) also had symptoms of polyneuropathy. Sensory functions were most frequently impaired. Sural nerve biopsy was performed in 4 patients receiving monotherapy with CBZ, PHT, PB, and VPA. Except in patients receiving VPA (in whom no morphologic abnormalities were detected), mild predominantly axonal damage with secondary myelin changes was noted. A correlation was noted between polyneuropathy, age of the patient and, to a lesser extent, receipt of two or more AEDs.

Adult↗