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Biomedical subjects

A Bocquet

Publications and source records attributed to A Bocquet.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[French survey about intradermal BCG SSI adverse events in children under 6 years of age].

During April 2006, 579 physicians took part in a survey about intradermal BCG SSI adverse events (AE) in children less than 6 years old, managed by InfoVac France. Since January 2006, 68% physicians (paediatricians: 73% and general practitioners [GP]: 60%) have vaccinated at least one child. The site of injection is mainly the extern side of the shoulder (72%), according to the recommendations. Systematic vaccination is continued by 54% GP and 26% paediatricians. Others indications are: admission in day care center (33%), admission in day care center associated with risk factors (24%), or only risks factors (8%). Half physicians observed AE and 6% of them reported them at pharmacovigilance centers or pharmaceutical company. AE were mainly inflammations or indurations over 1 cm (for 75% of physicians who observed AE), oozing (73%). Abscesses are notified by 54%, ulcers by 39%, lymphadenopathies over 1 cm by 20%, suppurative lymphadenopathies by 3% and keloid scares by 17% of them, several AE may coexist for some children. Our aim is to start a prospective follow-up of BCG-SSI vaccination and its AE; 58% physicians who answered this investigation agreed to participate.

Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems↗
PubMed2005

Neurofilament high molecular weight-green fluorescent protein fusion is normally expressed in neurons and transported in axons: a neuronal marker to investigate the biology of neurofilaments.

The carboxy-terminal side arm of the neurofilament high subunit consists of a highly phosphorylated domain and a negatively charged region. Multiple evidences suggested that these domains are essential for the axonal phosphorylation and transport of neurofilaments and play a role in their abnormal accumulation following chemical intoxication or during neurodegenerative disorders such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In order to investigate the consequences of altering this side arm of neurofilament high subunit we used a fusion protein (neurofilament high subunit-green fluorescent protein) between the mouse neurofilament high subunit missing a major part of the C-terminal domain and the reporter green fluorescent protein. In cell culture and in transgenic mice this fusion protein co-assembles and co-distributes with the endogenous intermediate filament network. Conditions known to disturb the cytoskeleton were also found to alter the distribution of the fusion protein in cell cultures. In transgenic mice the expression of the transgene evaluated by its fluorescent properties was found to be restricted to neurons, where the neurofilament high subunit-green fluorescent protein fusion protein is axonally transported. Biochemical approaches showed that the fusion protein is phosphorylated and co-purified with neurofilaments. Despite the presence of such an neurofilament high subunit-green fluorescent protein fusion protein, the axonal cytoskeletal density and the axonal caliber were not altered. Together these data show that removal of this portion of neurofilament high subunit does not affect the capacity of neurofilament high subunit to assemble and to be transported into axons, suggesting that this sequence is involved in another function. Moreover, the fluorescent properties of this fusion protein represent a useful marker.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

[French paediatrician and general practitioner's survey about actual and future BCG use].

Within the context of future multipuncture withdrawal, we managed, in April 2005, a survey on BCG vaccine habits. During April 2005, 636 paediatricians and 192 GP took part in a survey about BCG, practices managed by InfoVac-France, InVS and AFPA. Most of physicians (73.6%) don't use Mantoux test before BCG vaccination in children less than 6 months old, and the Monovax is the most frequent vaccine used (93.7%). Less than 30% physicians are thinking to be ready to systematically vaccine children after prospected withdrawal of multipuncture vaccination, and almost 1 pediatrician of 5 and one GP of 7 don't want to vaccine anymore. In future, preferred option after Monovax withdrawal is to vaccinate with BCG only the high risk population for tuberculosis (59%). About 60% physicians think that parents could be opposed to intradermal immunization. More than 2/3 of physicians have not an assistant (except the parents) to contain the children during the intradermal injection (71.6%). It seems not acceptable for 2/3 of physicians to address their patients to colleagues or to specialized structures.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Comparison of prescriptions by pediatricians and general practitioners: a population-based study in Franche-Comté from the database of Regional Health Insurance Fund].

OBJECTIVES: To compare the medical management of children by private pediatricians or by general practitioners. POPULATION AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort study analyzed information from the automated database of the Regional Health Insurance Fund for salaried workers in Franche-Comté from January 2001 through December 2002 and compared the mean rates of prescriptions in the populations seen only by general practitioners or mainly by pediatricians. RESULTS: Analysis concerned 1 535 208 visits (office and home). Management by pediatricians was associated with 25% fewer consultations and 6% fewer hospitalizations. Pediatricians also wrote 25% fewer prescriptions for drugs, 17% fewer for laboratory tests, and 42% fewer for speech and language therapy. Children seen by pediatricians took antibiotics much less often (penicillin: -24%; cephalosporins: -74%; macrolides: -53%) as well as half as many corticoids and NSAIDs. Their vaccination coverage was more complete (31% more hepatitis B vaccines, 7% more MMR), as was prevention against rickets and cavities (twice the rate of vitamin D and fluoride prescriptions). The population followed mainly by pediatricians included 25% more children with a chronic disease. CONCLUSION: General practitioners and pediatricians appear to differ significantly in their management of children. Other studies that can take into account such confounding factors as health status are needed to confirm these results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

The amount of neurofilaments aggregated in the cell body is controlled by their increased sensitivity to trypsin-like proteases.

Neurofilaments are synthesised and assembled in neuronal cell bodies, transported along axons and degraded at the synapse. However, in several pathological situations they aggregate in cell bodies or axons. To investigate their turnover when separated from their normal site of degradation, we used a previously described transgenic model characterised by perikaryal retention of neurofilaments, and compared the basic features of both neurofilament synthesis and degradation with that observed in normal mice. Despite the massive perikaryal aggregates, neurofilament transcript levels were found to be unchanged, whereas the total accumulation of neurofilament proteins was markedly reduced. Neurofilaments isolated from transgenic samples are more sensitive to both trypsin and alpha-chymotrypsin mediated proteolysis. Consistent with their greater in vitro sensitivity, trypsin immunolabeling of cell bodies was stronger in transgenic mice. These results show a novel mechanism to regulate the amount of neurofilaments when they abnormally aggregate.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

[Feeding of infants based on age. Practice guidelines].

This paper presents practical guidelines for nutrition and feeding of infants and toddlers including vitamin D, vitamin K and fluoride supplementations and preventive measures at risk for food allergy based on family history.

Breast Feeding↗
PubMed2003

Stable tubule only polypeptides (STOP) proteins co-aggregate with spheroid neurofilaments in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

A major cytopathological hallmark of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the presence of axonal spheroids containing abnormally accumulated neurofilaments. The mechanism of their formation, their contribution to the disease, and the possibility of other co-aggregated components are still enigmatic. Here we analyze the composition of such lesions with special reference to stable tubule only polypeptide (STOP), a protein responsible for microtubule cold stabilization. In normal human brain and spinal cord, the distribution of STOP proteins is uniform between the cytoplasm and neurites of neurons. However, all the neurofilament-rich spheroids present in the tissues of affected patients are intensely labeled with 3 different anti-STOP antibodies. Moreover, when neurofilaments and microtubules are isolated from spinal cord and brain, STOP proteins are systematically co-purified with neurofilaments. By SDS-PAGE analysis, no alteration of the migration profile of STOP proteins is observed in pathological samples. Other microtubular proteins, like tubulin or kinesin, are inconstantly present in spheroids, suggesting that a microtubule destabilizing process may be involved in the pathogenesis of ALS. These results indicate that the selective co-aggregation of neurofilament and STOP proteins represent a new cytopathological marker for spheroids.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Nutritional treatment of acute diarrhea in an infant and young child].

This paper written by the Comité de nutrition de la Société française de pédiatrie is specially devoted to the nutritional treatment of infant and child acute diarrhea, i.e. oral rehydration with salts solution and feeding. It complements an article on drug therapy of child acute diarrhea written by the Groupe francophone d'hépatologie, gastroentérologie et nutrition pédiatriques, and published in this same issue of the Archives de pédiatrie.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2001

Failure of GPI compounds to display neurotrophic activity in vitro and in vivo.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the neurotrophic and neuroprotective properties of a series of immunophilin ligands and to assess the potential involvement of FK506 Binding Protein 12 kDa (FKBP12) rotamase inhibition in this activity. Both FK506 and rapamycin induced a potent inhibition of the FKBP12 rotamase activity (pIC(50) values of 7.3 and 7.4, respectively) but only a modest inhibition was observed with 1-(3,3-dimethyl-2-oxo-pentanoyl)-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid S-3-pyridin-3-yl-propyl ester (GPI 1046) (5.8), its N-oxide (5.4) and thioester (6.3) analogues. Compared to nerve growth factor, all these immunophilin ligands only induced marginal increases in neurite outgrowth of rat dissociated newborn dorsal root ganglia cells. Furthermore, systemic administration of GPI 1046 and its N-oxide and thioester analogues failed to prevent striatal dopamine depletion induced by acute or chronic i.p. treatment with 1-methyl-4-phenyl 1,2,3,6 tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). These results suggest that inhibition of FKBP12 rotamase activity is not predictive for neurotrophic and neuroprotective properties of immunophilin ligands and question their therapeutic utility in neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's disease.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[Infant formulas and soy protein-based formulas: current data].

For many years soy bean-based formulas (SBBF) were the only dietary product used for infants with cow's milk intolerance. At the present time, their place in infant nutrition is reduced as a result of the availability of new dietary products without lactose and/or cow's milk proteins and the recognition of soy bean protein allergy. There is no evidence that SBBF have any efficiency in infant colic. SBBF have no indication in the prevention of allergy, nor in premature infants' nutrition. Their main indication is the feeding of infants of vegetarian parents who do not want to use cow's milk products. Studies have shown that SBBF contain large quantities of phytoestrogens, particularly isoflavone. Because of experimental data suggesting a possible deleterious effect of phytoestrogens on the neuroendocrine maturation, the reduction of their content in SBBF must be considered.

Colic↗
PubMed1992

[Esophageal pH monitoring in children. Methodological aspects and a review of the literature related to indications].

Because it offers high sensitivity and specificity, esophageal pH monitoring has become the reference method for the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux. This review was undertaken to evaluate methodologic problems raised by this method, involving selection of the electrode, selection of equipment, and criteria of normality according to the patient's symptoms. In some instances, multiple recordings are needed to detect correlations between clinical symptoms and esophageal pH, cardiac and respiratory tracings and esophageal pH, or oxygen saturation and esophageal pH. These studies allow improved qualitative interpretation of results. Emphasis is put on the value of esophageal pH recordings for the evaluation of medical or surgical therapies.

Child↗