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Biomedical subjects

A Blitzer

Publications and source records attributed to A Blitzer.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

The opacified maxillary sinus: CT findings in chronic sinusitis and malignant tumors.

To distinguish opacification owing to inflammatory conditions (sinusitis) from that caused by nasomaxillary malignancy, computed tomography scans in 24 proved cases of sinusitis or tumor were reviewed for features related to sinus size, wall thickness, and character of bone erosion. An anatomic system was defined for classifying lesions according to the surface and type of bony involvement. In 12 cases of chronic maxillary sinusitis, the involved sinus was usually small and thick walled. The nasal surface of the involved sinus usually was eroded; often the orbital surface was eroded. The erosion was, however, short, irregular, and in the region of a normal dehiscence (semilunar hiatus or infraorbital canal) in all cases. The infratemporal surface was never eroded. In 12 cases of nasomaxillary neoplasia, the sinus was enlarged, one or more walls of the involved sinus being thinned and expanded. Bone erosion was present in all cases; erosion of the infratemporal surface was specific for neoplasia and significant as the usual site of recurrence.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1987

Inflammatory and obstructive disorders of salivary glands.

Obstructive and inflammatory diseases of the salivary glands can have a congenital, traumatic, metabolic, or infectious-inflammatory cause. The acute inflammatory conditions include bacterial and viral infections, and the chronic conditions include sialoliths, strictures, chronic sialadenitis, sialectasis, and lymphoepithelial disease. The neoplastic disease can cause obstruction and/or infection and often make the diagnosis elusive. In addition to a working knowledge of possible etiology, one needs experience with clinical examination, salivary analysis, sialography, CT scans, MRI, and fine-needle aspiration and cytology in order successfully to evaluate and manage patients with these conditions.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma arising in an intraparotid lymph node.

A well-differentiated mucoepidermoid carcinoma that was confined to, and apparently arose within, an intraparotid lymph node is reported. Salivary gland ducts and acini often are found within intraparotid lymph nodes, and occasionally within extraparotid nodes. Salivary gland tumors, both benign and malignant, can develop within this ectopic salivary tissue. When a malignant salivary-gland-type neoplasm is found within an intraparotid or periparotid lymph node, the possibility exists that the tumor has arisen within the node and does not necessarily represent a metastasis from some other occult site.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Nutritional considerations in the management of head and neck cancer patients.

Head and neck cancer patients are often malnourished. In addition, these patients also face nutritional problems related to the site of the tumor. Surgery and chemotherapy create additional difficulties in maintaining adequate nutritional status. Proper attention to the nutritional needs of these cancer patients is an important aspect of their overall management.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1984

Medical management of non-neoplastic salivary gland disease.

Non-neoplastic salivary gland disorders are increasing as a result of many factors. The role of salivary secretion in providing protection to the oral and pharyngeal tissues is discussed along with the diagnosis and treatment of some of the more common non-neoplastic salivary gland diseases.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1983

The effect of indomethacin on the growth of epidermoid carcinoma of the palate in rats.

The in vivo effect of indomethacin therapy in head and neck cancer was tested using rats (Fisher 344) with implanted epithelial palatal carcinoma. Indomethacin was then given to half of the rats in their drinking water, starting two weeks after tumor implantation. The animals were then killed at four weeks and the tumor volumes were measured. It was found that four (21%) of the 19 rats were complete responders and eight (42%) of the 19 rats were partial responders. The control group showed increased tumor growth in all animals. The experimental group also demonstrated five (26%) of the 19 regional metastases. No metastases were seen in the control group. Indomethacin seems to inhibit local tumor growth, perhaps through its effects on cellular and humoral immunity and its effects on the host-tissue stroma. It also may increase tumor spread through the regional lymphatics or hematogenously. Further animal studies need to be carried out to determine the effect on cancer on a cellular and biochemical level before using it for treatment of cancer in humans.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Delayed failure of myocutaneous flaps in head and neck reconstruction.

Since the concept of myocutaneous flap reconstruction of the head and neck region was introduced it has opened a new approach to surgical management in this area. This flap not only reduced the number of operations as compared to "staged procedure", but also reduced the costs of medical care. We are, however, experiencing significant failures as the applications of this flap are extended. This paper reviews our experience with myocutaneous flaps in 15 partial and total failures. An evaluation of these failures reveals that most occurred 1 1/2 to 3 weeks after reconstruction. The factors predisposing to failure seem related more to technical errors rather than to general factors. Diabetes, peripheral vascular disease, malnutrition and low hemoglobin, and low blood pressure were not major contributors to the failures in our series. Local factors predisposing to failure of myocutaneous flaps can be divided into two large categories--arterial failure and venous failure. In our series of unsuccessful myocutaneous flaps, the major factors appeared to be venous stasis leading to arterial insufficiency. All failures had developed after the initial critical period of flap survival (7-10 days). The following techniques showed an especially high rate of failure: 1. SCM--myocutaneous flap to resurface floor of mouth. 2. Tubed pectoralis myocutaneous flap to reconstruct pharynx and esophagus. 3. Flaps developed with very narrow vascular pedicles. Individual cases representing delayed failure are presented.

Esophageal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

Regional behavioral variations of epidermoid carcinoma of the head and neck: a study in an animal model.

Regional behavioral differences have been observed clinically in epidermoid carcinoma of the head and neck. An animal model was developed for study, using homograft, transplanted epidermoid carcinoma in Fisher rats. Histopathologic review of tumors of the palate, base of tongue and larynx shows cartilage, arterial wall, surface epithelium and dense connective tissue containing elastic fibers to be relatively resistant to tumor invasion. Muscle, bone, vein and loose connective tissues were easily invaded. This correlates well with the known biochemical and immunological events in tumor invasion and host-tumor interactions. Regional metastasis occurred in two animals with base of tongue tumors. No distant metastases were found.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Clinical-pathological determinants in prognosis of fibrous histiocytomas of head and neck.

Review of the literature reveals 76 cases of fibrous histiocytoma of the deep structures of the head and neck. To this we have added 11 of our own cases, and analyzed the total group to determine clinical and histological features of a high risk population. Age, sex, presence of pain, location of tumor, size of tumor, and local invasion appear to be important clinical criteria. Bizarre giant cells, numerous and atypical mitoses, necrosis, and inflammation appear to be important histologic features. The treatment of choice is wide local excision. Chemotherapy appears to produce tumor regression.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Modification of the anterior commissure technique of partial laryngectomy.

The anterior commissure technique of partial laryngectomy is useful for treating "horseshoe" lesions of the larynx. As originally described, a McNaught keel is used after the excision to maintain an open glottic chink and to prevent webbing. After three weeks, this keel is removed as a surgical procedure. During the past four years, we have treated 12 patients using 0.020-gauge Silastic sheeting to replace the McNaught keel. The Silastic sheet is anchored above and below the glottis with externally tied 2-0 proline stutures. Two to three weeks later, a direct laryngoscopy is performed and the stent is removed. This modification avoids a second surgical procedure, decreases the hospital stay, and allows for inspection of the glottis.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

Patient survival factors in paranasal sinus mucormycosis.

Analysis of 170 cases of paranasal sinus mucormycosis collected from the literature and 9 cases of our own revealed a 50% mortality for this disease. When analyzed according to decade, survival has increased to 70% in the cases reported from 1970-1979. There were no significant differences between the survivors and the fatalities when evaluated according to age, sex, laterality, or radiographic findings. There was a markedly poorer prognosis for those patients with hemiplegia, facial necrosis, and nasal deformity. The underlying disease was an important determinant of survival: 75% of patients with no systemic disease, 60% of diabetics, and 20% of patients with other disorders survived. Surgical debridement or radical resection and the use of amphotericin B significantly increased survival. Their combination further enhanced survival, especially in the diabetic.

Adolescent↗