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Biomedical subjects

A Blasco

Publications and source records attributed to A Blasco.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Isotope transit in reflex sympathetic algodystrophy].

It has been shown in radioisotope scans made three hours after injection of 99mTc MDP that a significant hyperfixation in bone extremities is present in causalgias, probably due to accelerated osteogenesis. However, this gives no information concerning blood circulation inside bone. Nevertheless, the kinetic activity of tracer in areas of lesion for the initial seconds after injection depends upon the vascularity of this region. The computerized recording of isotope activity forms an early activity curb (isotope transit) which can be compared to the activity curb of the corresponding healthy articulatory region of the other limb or side. This curb breaks down into two parts: first, a rapidly ascending slope that corresponds to infiltration of the periarticular arterial network; second, a slowly ascending slope that corresponds to the tracer diffusion space in bony extremities. Among the 27 cases of causalgia in our series 19 evolved into thermalgias in less than three months. Furthermore, in 18 of these 19 cases the lesion-side activity curb was significantly different from the aspect of the healthy side's curb in that both portions showed a hyperactivity. The initial "arterial" hyperactivity slope probably corresponds to an increase in arterial blood flow (and sometimes circulatory speed) in soft tissues around joints; subsequent hyperactivity, gradually increasing, probably corresponds to an increase in the vascular bed volume and diffusion surface due to functional entry of usually silent intraosseous capillaries. Thus, the causalgia which has become thermalgic has a typical initial isotopic tracing curb: this hyperfixation explains the anatomic and pathophysiologic disorders evidenced by other procedures in this disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Is osteonecrosis of the femoral head avascular? Bone blood flow measurements after long-term treatment with corticosteroids.

Since nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head is usually considered primarily as an ischemic disease, blood flow has been studied in femoral segments in two groups of geese, one control group and the other treated with a high dose of corticosteroids for 5 months. There was no histologic evidence of osteonecrosis in femoral heads, and mean bone blood flow in any femoral segments was not reduced in the treated group. These results suggest that osteonecrosis of the femoral head is not caused primarily by ischemia, even if ischemia may play a secondary role in the evolution of the disorder.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Experimental model for hemodynamic and metabolic studies of extracorporeal circulation. Apropos of 14 cases].

The authors present an homogeneous and stable experimental model, the basic characteristics of which are: 14 extracorporeal bypass with: total bypass; normothermia; total haemodilution; beating heart; continuous flow in dogs anesthetised with chloralose. Three methods were employed: continuous recording of the venous lactate concentration; invasive electromagnetic measurement of the arterial blood flow; measurement of the tissular capillary blood flow with radioactive labelled microspheres. The statistic treatment of the informations gathered confirms that those experimentations took place in normothermia and constant: pH, venous and arterial pressure, cardiac pacing and arterial carotid blood flow. We noticed no modification of the body electrolytic repartition; blood gas variations do not modify haemodynamic conditions. Increase of the lactate concentration, as noticed in the literature, is in relation with a catecholamine hypersecretion and not with an anaerobic tissular function. Tissular capillary blood flow is constant if reported to cardiac index. This model will allow us to compare those results with new series where only one of the basic elements will be modified.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Cerebral circulatory effects of a dopaminergic agonist (apomorphine) in the dog.

Dopaminergic influence upon cerebral circulation was studied in 12 adult mongrel dogs, local cerebral blood flow (lCBF) being measured by the microspheres method. The intravenous injection of apomorphine (0.1 mg/kg) produced heterogeneous effects on lCBF; an increase in lCBF reaching the level of statistical significance was observed in frontal and sensory motor cortices, whereas blood flow was not significantly altered in the other regions examined. When the animals are considered individually, a widespread response was generally observed. Local cerebral blood flow increased from 16% to 85% (depending on the regions examined) in 4 animals, and tended to decrease (particularly in the caudate nucleus) in the 8 others. These opposite effects cannot be related with changes in general metabolic or hemodynamic parameters (PaCO2, PaO2, pH, and arterial pressure). It is thus concluded that the effect of dopaminergic stimulation upon cerebral circulation is more complex than previously reported. These effects could only be partly mediated via vascular receptors and could be the result of modifications of the local metabolic level.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Osteosis deformans of thyroid origin. Radiological, histomorphometric and pathophysiological study (author's transl)].

A 73-year-old woman with severe, old standing thyrotoxicosis developed osteosis with deformities of the lower limbs and spine resembling osteomalacia. All the well-known radiological, and histomorphometric features of thyroid osteosis were caricaturally present in this patient who, in addition, exhibited curvatures of the lower limbs that are exceptionally described in hyperthyroidism. A study of standard phosphorus/calcium values, 25 OH D values, circulating parathyroid hormone levels and fractional absorption of 47Ca before and after thyroidectomy enables the authors to discuss the current pathophysiological concepts concerning phosphorus/calcium and bone metabolism in hyperthyroid conditions. A possible action of thyroid hormones on vitamin D metabolism or peripheral effects is envisaged.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

[Revascularization using the greater omentum. Results of an experimental study in dogs. Clinical perspectives (author's transl)].

An experimental study was conducted in dogs to study the increase an vascular supply to an ischemic zone after transplantation of the greater omentum. The study design, applied in eleven dogs, is described, and the various technical details emphasized : staged vascular ligature of one paw, preparation of the omentum, and transplantation using microsurgical procedures. The circulatory deficiency, evaluated by comparison with the healthy or similarly ligatured opposite paw, is well-compensated by the omental transplant, and a new circulation is established. This is apparent on pathological examinations and arteriography. Isotopic angiography, by means of labelled erythrocytes, supplies proof that a vascular pool is effectively derived from the transplanted organ and that it reaches the distal region of the ischemic limb. The increase in blood supply obtained suggests the possibility of new clinical indications. Apart from omentoplasty, already widely used in plastic surgery, the omentum could perhaps also be effective in certain areas of cardiovascular surgery, especially in some cases of arteritis where the distal vascular bed is greatly reduced. Further experimental studies, such as these described, are necessary before using this technique in humans.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Local osseous blood flow measured with radioactive microspheres: correlations with intra-medullary pressures].

The authors studied in the dog, using radioactive microspheres, the blood bone outputs of the trochanter, the femoral diaphysis and the tibial diaphysis, and measured, in a simultaneous fashion, the intra-medullar pressures in these bone regions. A same hierarchy of outputs is consistently found in all animals : the trochentarian outputs are always the highest, and next come, in decreasing order, the outputs of the femoral diaphyses and the tibias. On the other hand, the intra-medullar pressures, although differing according to the bone regions, always have rather superposable rates, so that the neighboring intra-medullar pressures always correspond to radically different outputs. It is thereby demonstrated that the intra-medullar pressures, as an isolated parameter, cannot accurately reflect the rate of bone output.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Isotopic indicators in the diagnosis of malignant pleurisies (author's transl)].

The tracers that are used in thoracic pathology have an elective tumoural affinity, present such a special reaction towards pleural effusions that we were led to study Bleomycin labelled with Cobalt 57 in 34 cases of pleurisy of various etiologies. The hyperfixation, circumscribed to the effusion in all these cases, presented a double problem : of radiobiological risk and of diagnostic significance. We tried to solve the last problem by means of a precise protocol applied to 16 cases, quantifying comparatively the specific radio-activity of pleural fluid and serum and studying the evolution of the pleural serous gradient, after injection of 2 mCi of labelled Bleomycin in 16 patients with suspected malignant pleurisy. From this limited study, it appeared that the sero-pleural gradient of the tracer, 24 hours after injection, was very high, above 5 and up to 15 in 7 malignant pleurisies out of 8; between 2 and 4 in others. It was sometimes below 5 and less in effusions, non malignant or doubtful. This gradient decreased very rapidly to reach 0 on the fourth day, except in recurring chronic effusions. Pending the confirmation of results, after a prolonged experiment, this protocol appeared valuable for diagnostic and physiopathological reasons.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Marrow scintigraphy in Paget's disease of bone (author's transl)].

Marrow scintigraphy using 99mTc colloids was performed in 20 patients with Paget's disease of bone and compared with skeletal scanning in each of them. As long as the regions explored were haematopoietically active, despite the advanced age of the patients, there was decreased marrow uptake in regions of increased uptake on the skeletal scan. Whilst increased uptake of pyrophosphate reflects bone hyperosteogenesis, decreased uptake of colloids reflects marrow fibrosis, and early histological sign of the disease. This scanning technique could be a new criterion in the surveillance of the therapeutic effectiveness of calcitonins or of diphosphonates.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

[Benign intracranial hypertension due to thrombosis of a transverse sinus. Diagnosis by scintigraphy using bleomycin labelled with cobalt 57 (author's transl)].

In a case of benign intracranial hypertension with no apparent aetiology, cerebral scintigraphy demonstrated abnormal uptake in the left transverse sinus 24 hours after injection of the isotope. This sinus was seen to be thrombosed by cerebral angiography. On the basis of this case, the role of cerebral venous thrombosis in cases of "pseudo-tumor cerebri" is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Thyroid carcinomas. Critical study about 138 observations. Therapeutic deductions (author's transl)].

Between 1952 and 1973, 138 patients with thyroïd carcinoma have been recorded. From the critical study of these cases, the pathological, etiological and clinical features have been studied. Different therapeutic modalities are evaluated from these cases. Surgery was always used when possible. A hemithyroïdectomy was realised most often. We stress that sterilisation was obtained by 131I treatment in plurifocal metastasis, particularly in pulmonary metastasis, only when the iodine uptake was sufficient. Survival has been evaluated according to the pathology: papillary and vesicular carcinomas have a good prognosis (the papillary and vesicular survival rate at 10 years reaches respectively: 65% and 64%). Anaplastic carcinomas have a bad prognosis (the survival rate at 5 years is 18%, at 10 years, 0%. These results are similar to those published by differents authors. At the opposite, trabecular carcinomas have a very short survival (8% at 5 years, 7% at 10 years) which is very unusual in well differentiated thyroïd carcinomas. It has to be isolated from the others.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1976

[The half-life of iodine 131-labelled fibrinogen in cancer patients. Effects of heparin].

Sixty nine patients suffering from malignant tumours at different stages of their development underwent a kinetic study of fibrinogen 131I with external counting over the tumour and a study of haemostasis including P.D.F. The 1/2 T of fibrinogen 131I is shortened: 2.52 +/- 0.09 days (normal: 3.89 +/- 0.11 days.) The abnormality is proportional to serum P.D.F. levels (r=0.99). External counting demonstrated the uptake of labelled fibrinogen in the tumour. Heparine (15000 U/24h) restores the 1/2 T of fibrinogen to normal in 95 p. cent of cases. The results suggest the existence of a localised compensated intravascular coagulation process inside the tumour. Possible consequences of that phenomenon are discussed.

Blood Coagulation↗
PubMed1976

[Contribution to the scintigraphic diagnosis of malignant endothoracic tumors by 57Co labeled Bleomycin (author's transl)].

The authors report the results of the exploration by 57Co Bleomycin scinitigraphy in 97 thoracic tumors. The Bleo-57Co scintigraphy detects primary and secondary malignant tumors underevaluated by classical tests. In the thorax, the radioactive focus are easily detected on account of the light physiological fixation of the Bleo-57Co. It is particularly interesting in the mediastinal tumors where the picture is not covered by cardiovascular interference. Mediastinal, pleural and costal tumors have been explored. Pulmonary tumors give the best results, they fixe in 93% of the case. All the mediastinal tumors have capted the bleomycin but the authors insist on the fact that the fixation was very light even when the tumor was a large one. The exploration of pleural and costal tumors was less interesting. In conclusion, the Bleo-57Co scintigraphy, gives indications about the volume of the tumor and its spread in the organism. By this method, we can diagnose malignancy in tumor. It can be used to survey cancer patients which have been treated. Nevertheless the long half-life (270 days) and the lack of specificity of the Bleo-57Co for the malignant tumors, justify discussion about indications and the results of such an exploration.

Bleomycin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A prospective and multicenter safety-monitoring study of a short up-dosing schedule of immunotherapy with a mass-units-standardized extract of mites.

A prospective, multicenter pharmacovigilance study was carried out to evaluate the safety of a new 7-dose treatment schedule of subcutaneous immunotherapy as opposed to the conventional 13 doses normally recommended. The study was carried out in 14 centers and included 261 patients (children and adults) with respiratory allergic disease due to sensitization to mites (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and/or farinae). A total of 2290 doses were administered under the direct supervision of the participating specialists. One hundred and ten reactions in 63 patients (24.1%) were recorded, representing 4.8% of the total doses administered. Most of the reactions (98) were local. Only 12 were systemic (0.5% of the administered doses) and occurred in 10 patients (3.8% of the sample). Ten reactions reverted quickly with rescue medication. The maintenance dose had to be lowered in one patient and another patient was withdrawn from the study after suffering two asthmatic crises after two consecutive doses. In view of the results obtained, we can conclude that the new schedule shows an acceptable tolerance profile and does not present a greater risk of reactions than the conventional scheme of 13 doses using an identical extract. Moreover, the new schedule represents substantial savings in the number of doses and visits required to reach the maintenance dose.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bronchial asthma due to sensitization to chloramine T.

Chloramine T, an organic, highly reactive derivative of chlorine with potent bactericidal properties, is used as a disinfectant in the food industry. Described as an occupational sensitizer in 1945 for the first time, it produces late or dual asthma, occasionally accompanied by fever and leukocytosis, which is mediated by IgE. We present the case of a male dairy worker who, after 4 years of exposure to the product, developed rhinitis and asthma. Skin tests with chloramine T were positive at a concentration of 10 mg/ml, while all other allergens tested negative. RAST detected specific IgE at 12 PRU and bronchial provocation induced immediate and late bronchoconstriction.

Asthma↗