Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Blanco

Publications and source records attributed to A Blanco.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Enzyme polymorphism in a population of Calomys musculinus (Rodentia, Cricetidae).

NAD-linked lactate malate, glycerophosphate, alcohol and nonspecific dehydrogenases, aspartate aminotransferases, and soluble esterases from extracts of tissues of individuals from a wild population of Calomys musculinus (Rodentia, Cricetidae) have been analyzed by means of starch gel electrophoresis and specific staining. Allelic frequencies and heterozygosity have been determined. Mendelian inheritance of some of the variants detected was confirmed by breeding experiments. Ten out of fifteen (66.6%) of the genetic loci investigated presented polymorphism. Mean heterozygosity per locus was very high (H = 0.2014, SE 0.046).

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Local recurrence following anterior resection of rectal cancer. CEA-titer (author's transl)].

The records of 70 patients undergoing a curative anterior resection at the Surgical Department of the Academic Teaching Hospital in Herford for carcinoma of the rectum between January 1, 1974 and December 31, 1978 were reviewed. There were 6 cases (8,5%) developing suture line and local recurrence between 9 and 16.5 months after anterior resection. In this study a rising CEA-titer was the first evidence of recurrence in only 29% of our patients. Among 9 patients with confirmed local recurrence - 6 from our own and 3 from outside - only 2 (22%) showed an increase in CEA levels above normal. In the face of the poor 5-year survival with secondary abdomino-perineal resection following anterior resection one must ask if the significance of those operative procedures with their technical difficulty is justified. Our own experience of 9 patients with secondary abdominoperineal resection for local recurrence has changed our mind for a more palliative operative procedure in such cases.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMed1980

On the functional significance of LDH X.

We have analyzed the catalytic properties and subcellular distribution of the lactate dehydrogenase isozyme specific for testis and sperm (LDH X or C4). LDHX catalyzes nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-linked interconversion alpha-ketoacid in equilibrium alpha-hydroxyacid with a variety of compounds. Isozyme X is located in the cytosol and in the matrix of a special type of mitochondria present in spermatoza. We have postulated an additional shuttle which can transfer hydrogen from cytosolic NADH to the mitochondrion by the redox couple alpha-hydroxyacid/alpha-ketoacid. The operation of this system has been demonstrated in vitro. LDH X may play a role in processes which provide energy to spermatozoa.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Immunocomplexes in pediatrics. I: Detection with polyethilenglycol precipitation (author's transl)].

Circulating seric immunocomplexes have a variable significance in every case and small amounts can be founded in nornal people. Sometimes immunocomplexes are a defensive mechanism against chronic antigenemia, but in other cases they produce important tissue injury, as in glomerulonephritis. There are many tests for detecting them, but no single test detects all types of complexes because of their heterogeneity. Authors explain the polyehthilene-glycol precipitation test which is compared it to other methods, as binding to C'1q, Fc or C'3b receptors or physical separation tests. Polyethilene-glycol precipitation was performed in several concentrations of albumin-antialbumin complexes. When eight sera were heated to 60 degrees C during 30 minutes the levels of precipitate decreased and they suggest it is due to antigen and antibody dissociation. Inversely, IgG progressive concentrations increased by formation of heat aggregated immunoglobulins. The 10 times repeated freezing and thawing of sera increased the optical density of precipitates from 0.047 to 0.057 and the raising was higher in pathological than in normal sera. Although the repeated thawing must be avoid its' role does not seem be very relevant.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1980

[Immunocomplexes in pediatrics. II: Investigation in neurological patients (author's transl)].

Circulating immune complexes were investigated by polyethilene-glycol precipitation in the serum of 101 neurological patients from four months to 15 years old. The test was positive in 21 cases (20.7%) and 24 normal controls were negative. The polyethilene-glycol positive group had a lower seric C'3 than negative group [p < 0.02]. The highest positivity was found in meningoencephalitic infections with sequelae [6/6: 100%] and in cerebral atrophy or very important mental deficiency [11/30: 37%]. The polyethilene-glycol test was not correlated with seric IgG levels, neither in positive nor in negative groups. All patients were receiving anticonvulsivant treatment. The detection of circulating immune complexes may be the result of either brain tissue injury or of another immunological disturb found in epilepsy. There was no relationship between seric immunocomplexes and severity of epileptic disorders and it is not likely that they have any influence over seizures. The role played by anticonvulsivant drugs remains uncleared and further studies are needed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Modification of complement factors and their inhibitors during meningococcal sepsis (author's transl)].

Various complement components (C'1s, C'3, C'4, C'5, C'8, C'9, C'3 act., C'1 inh., C'3b inact.) and seric immunocomplexes (by polyethylene glycol, PEG) were evaluated in 43 children with meningococcal sepsis. 28 patients had disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), group I, and 15 did not show it, group II; 14 patients died in group I and none of group II. In 21 cases studies were repeated 24 hours later. In group I all complement components were decreased, specially C'3 (x: 67 mg./100 ml., p < 0.01) and C'5 (x: 8 mg./100 ml., p < 0.01) and they were lower 24 h. later. Results of group II were normal, except a decrease of C'5. Catabolic products of C'3 were founded in 11/14 cases of group I and two/nine of group II and products of C'3 act. in four/14 and one/10. PEG precipitation was positive in 10/14 cases of group I and 10/12 of group II and IgG, IgM, C'3 and C'4 were found in precipitations. This complement components were more frequently present in sepsis without DIC and after 24 h. of evolution. C'1 and C'3b inhibitors decreased after evolution in group I and by contrast increased in group II. This fall enhances complement activation.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1979

Substrate specificity of the lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme C4 from human spermatozoa and a possible selective assay.

The activity of lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27) in normal human sperm lysates and in human heart and liver homogenates was determined by using a variety of 2-oxoacids as substrates. Sperm preparations were active with pyruvate, 2-oxobutanoate, 2-oxopentanoate and 2-oxohexanoate, while heart and liver extracts utilized only pyruvate and 2-oxobutanoate. Selective staining after gel electrophoresis indicated that the fraction corresponding to lactate dehydrogenase C4, the sperm-specific isoenzyme, was responsible for the utilization of substrates with a linear chain of 3 to 6 carbon atoms. The use of 5 mM 2-oxohexanoate allowed the selective determination of isoenzyme C4 in preparations containing different lactate dehydrogenase molecular forms.

Caproates↗
PubMed1978

Branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase in mouse testicular tissue.

Branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase (L-leucine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase, EC 2.6.1.6) activity was determined in several tissues of the mouse. Testis homogenates presented a specific activity very close to that of heart extracts which were the most active. Enzyme activity was detectable in testes from 5-day-old mice and increased steadily during development to reach a maximum at the 20th day of life. The transaminase was present in the cytosol of testicular homogenates and also associated, probably in the matrix, with a special type of mitochondria present in spermatozoa and gametogenic cells. The enzyme from testis is active against the three branched-chain amino acids and catalyses the reaction in both directions. Highest activity and lowest Km were obtained with L-leucine. Activity with L-valine was the lowest. The enzyme from the mitochondrial fraction showed identical properties to that from the soluble phase. The possible participation of this aminotransferase in a shuttle system transferring reducing equivalents from cytoplasm to mitochondria is postulated.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Case Report: epignathus-clinical, radiologic, and pathologic considerations.

In retrospect, a diagram could hace been made from the antenatal radiological examination of the case of epignathus presented here. The features of the epignathus are considered with respect to antenatal diagnosis and subsequent reparative surgery. Specific features such as axial organization, maturity of all tissues, and identical ossification points between host and parasite-all of which are evident in this case-favor the malformative origin of epignathi, thus distinguishing them from teratomata.

Abnormalities, Severe Teratoid↗
PubMed1977

[Immunological abnormalities in epileptic children treated with anticonvulsivant drugs (author's transl)].

Seric IgA, IgE and IgD; antinuclear antibodies and lymphocyte and eosinophil counts were studied in 61 epileptic children; 22 patients were treated with phenobarbital and 39 with hydantoine. The mean length of treatment was 12 months to phenobarbital and 23 to hydantoins. Seric IgA was deficient in 4/36 children taking hydantoins and only 1/20 receiving phenobarbital. IgE mean was increase in hydantoins treated patients and also IgD was found higher than normal in 6 patients. Only one case showed seric antinuclear antibodies but they disappeared with drug withdrawal. The lymphocyte count was normal but an important eosinophilia rise with treatment (phenobarbital or hydantoins). These immunological abnormalities were meanly found in idiopatic epilepsy. These suggest they are produced by anticonvulsivant drugs but also by an important constitutional factor. In this way immunology and epilepsy may be related.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Enzyme polymorphism in a population of Zenaida auriculata (Golden pigeon) (author's transl)].

By means of starch gel electrophoresis and specific staining, molecular forms of aspartate aminotransferase and soluble esterases have been investigated in liver extracts of individuals from a population of Zenaida auriculata. Four alleles at the locus corresponding to soluble or cytoplasmic aspartate aminotransferase have been demonstrated. Distribution of phenotypes in the population is in perfect agreement with that expected according to the Hardy - Weinberg law. A large incidence of variants of two fractions of esterases has been found. This variability is, with all probability, genetically determined. The importance of this type of studies to assess genetic structure and dynamics of animal population is emphasized.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Properties of the testicular lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme.

1. Studies were carried out with pure lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes C4 (LDH isoenzyme X), B4, (LDH isoenzyme 1) and A4 (LDH isoenzyme 5) isolated from mouse testis, heart and muscle tissue respectively; with LDH isoenzyme X purified from pigeon testes and with crude lysates of spermatozoa from man, bull and rabbit. 2. LDH isoenzyme X from all species showed greater ability than the other isoenzymes to catalyse the NAD+-linked interconversions of 2-oxobutanoate into 2-hydroxybutanoate and of 2-oxopentanoate into 2-hydroxypentanoate. 3. Mouse LDH isoenzyme X presented the broadest spectrum of substrate specificity. It exhibited very similar Km values for a variety of 2-oxo acids: 2-oxopropanoate (pyruvate), 2-oxobutanoate, 2-oxo-3-methylbutanoate, 2-oxopentanoate, 2-oxo-3-methylpentanoate, 2-oxo-4-methylpentanoate, 2-oxohexanoate and 2-oxo-3-phenylpropanoate (phenylpyruvate). The corresponding 2-hydroxy acids were also readily utilized in the reverse reaction. A strong inhibition by substrate and product was demonstrated for the direct reaction. 4. Intracellular distribution of LDH isoenzyme X was investigated in mouse testes. LDH isoenzyme X activity was located in the fraction of "heavy mitochondria" and in the soluble phase. 5. A possible functional role for LDH isoenzyme X is proposed: the redox couple-2-oxo acid-2-hydroxy acid could integrate a shuttle system transferring reducing equivalents from cytoplasm to mitochondria.

Animals↗