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Biomedical subjects

A Bhargava

Publications and source records attributed to A Bhargava.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Nodular duodenitis in chronic maintenance hemodialysis patients.

A retrospective study of 138 cases of chronic hemodialysis between 1977 and 1982 were reviewed for endoscopic, radiographic, and histologic characteristics of duodenitis. Forty patients underwent upper gastrointestinal barium x-rays; 13 were found to have multiple duodenal bulb nodules and three of these patients had very prominent duodenal bulb folds. There were 42 patients on whom upper panendoscopy was performed, and multiple duodenal nodules were seen in 15 patients and thickened folds in three patients. There were five patients in whom nodules were seen only on endoscopy. The size of the nodules varied between 3 and 8 mm in diameter and mucosal folds between 4 and 8 mm. Duodenal mucosal hyperplasia with chronic inflammatory cell infiltrate was found on biopsy of the nodules in 12 cases, while three cases with nodules revealed blunted villous structure with chronic inflammatory cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Comparison of immunologic and enzymatic assay of prostatic acid phosphatase for follow-up and assessment of clinical status of stage D prostate cancer.

Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) was measured in 70 patients with stage D prostate cancer under different modalities of treatment. PAP was determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA), counter immunoelectrophoresis (CIEP), and enzymatic method using alpha-naphthyl phosphate to compare the usefulness of the three methods in follow-up and assessing the clinical status of stage D prostate cancer. In the regressive state (29 patients), RIA and enzymatic methods correlated well; both gave 17% of abnormal results with a mean value of 4.7 +/- 4.6 and 3 +/- 1.7. Also, in the progressive state (17 patients) the two methods showed similar percentages of abnormal results with a mean value of 40 +/- 38 and 19 +/- 17 for RIA and enzymatic method, respectively. There was greater variability in the stable group owing to the difference in the tumour load. Again the two methods correlated well regarding their diagnostic sensitivity and specificity as a parameter for assessing the clinical response. CIEP, used as a qualitative method, showed more positive than negative results and did not correlate with the clinical state. We feel that the conventional enzymatic method is adequate for follow-up and assessing clinical state of stage D prostate cancer.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1984

Cytogenetic studies in 77 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: correlations with clinical, immunologic, and phenotypic data.

Cytogenetic analyses by G-banding and/or Q-banding techniques of polyclonal B cell mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes in 77 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia were carried out in the present study. Adequate metaphases were obtained in 65 patients (84%). Of 29 patients with abnormal karyotypes, ten (34%) had trisomy 12 as the sole abnormality, eight (28%) had trisomy 12 in combination with other karyotypic changes, and the remaining 11 had various karyotypic changes other than trisomy 12. There was a significant relationship between the abnormal karyotype and disease status, clinical stage, lymphocyte count, bone marrow infiltration pattern, monoclonal IgM gammopathy, and urinary monoclonal-free light chain status. Six of seven patients (87%) with trisomy 12 only had stage 0-11 disease, whereas all eight patients with trisomy 12 with other changes had stage III or IV disease (P less than .02). However, of nine patients with other karyotypic changes without trisomy 12, five had stage 0-II and four had stage III or IV disease. These observations suggest that trisomy 12 may be the primary or the earliest karyotypic change in a majority of aneuploid patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and that other karyotypic changes in addition to trisomy 12 may develop as a result of clonal evolution, dedifferentiation, or therapy. Of nine patients in whom autopsy studies were carried out, four were found to have diffuse histiocytic lymphoma or Richter's syndrome (three with trisomy 12 in combination with other chromosome changes and one with normal karyotype). Our findings clearly demonstrate that cytogenetic study may be of value in the clinical and prognostic evaluation of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1983

Clonal chromosome abnormalities in patients with Waldenström's and CLL-associated macroglobulinemia: significance of trisomy 12.

We performed cytogenetic analyses by Q- and G-banding techniques of unstimulated or B-mitogen-stimulated spleen, bone marrow, and peripheral blood cells from six patients with malignant macroglobulinemia [two with Waldenström's macroglobulinemia (WM) and four with chronic lymphocytic leukemia associated macroglobulinemia (CLL-M)]. Normal karyotypes were obtained in two of the treated patients (one with WM in remission and the other with CLL-M in relapse). An extra chromosome 12 (trisomy 12) was observed in all four untreated patients. In patient no. 2 (K.R.) and no. 3 (F.G.) with CLL-M, an abnormal karyotype, with trisomy 12 as the only abnormality, was identified. In patient no. 1 (C.C.) with WM, there were two clonal chromosome changes, identified: 47, XX, -9, +12, plus marker chromosome and 48, XX, -9, +12, plus both marker and minute chromosomes. In patient no. 4 (R.M.) with CLL-M, a minute chromosome with or without loss of a G-group chromosome was seen in some metaphases without trisomy 12, in addition to metaphases with trisomy 12 alone. Each of the four untreated patients with WM or CLL-M had clonal chromosome abnormalities, suggesting that chromosome changes may be more frequently associated with WM or CLL-M than with typical CLL without macroglobulinemia. These observations also suggest that trisomy 12 may be the primary karyotypic change in malignant macroglobulinemia, whereas the appearance of the minute or marker chromosome as well as the loss of G-group chromosomes or chromosome no. 9 may be secondary karyotypic changes resulting from clonal evolution in these malignancies.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Evaluation of whole blood catalase estimation for diagnosis of malignancy.

Whole blood catalase levels were estimated using a disc flotation method in 209 random patients with a wide variety of malignancies. Fifty patients had received no treatment, and the remainder, although having undergone prior therapy, had recurrent or metastatic disease at the time of the study. No relationship was found between the presence of cancer and catalase levels. A direct relationship was found for catalase with hemoglobin levels in both normal and patients' samples. Whole blood catalase is of no value in diagnosis and monitoring of cancer. The decreased catalase values found here and reported previously by others are the result of low hemoglobin levels found in many patients with cancer.

Catalase↗
PubMed1980

Hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis in patients with prostatic carcinoma.

Insulin-induced pituitary growth hormone (GH), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and adrenal cortical response were studied in 12 patients with prostatic carcinoma. 3 patients demonstrated significant abnormal GH release associated with concentrations which remained on a high plateau during the study. 5 patients showed lack of ACTH-cortisol response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia. Those patients subsequently presented clinically with rapidly progressing disease.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Production of cytotoxic factor in the spleen of dengue virus-infected mice.

Swiss albino mice inoculated i.c. with dengue type 2 virus (DV) show presence of a factor in the spleen which is cytotoxic to the normal mice spleen cells in vitro. The cytotoxic factor is present in the homogenate as well as in the culture supernatants of the spleen cells. Maximum cytotoxic activity is present in the spleen of moribund mice on 10-11 p.i. day. No cytotoxic activity was found in the homogenates of brain, liver, heart and skeletal muscles. Sera from a few mice only had cytotoxic activity and were not complement-dependent. Cytotoxic activity in the homogenate and culture supernatant (TCF) of various spleen cell populations was screened. Cytotoxicity of glass-non-adherent cells was significantly higher. DV-infected spleen cells, depleted of macrophages by carbonyl iron treatment, had higher cytotoxic activity. B-cell-enriched fractions and the glass-adherent cells had negligible cytotoxic activity. Purified lymphocytes and the T-lymphocyte-enriched fractions had maximum cytotoxicity. Thus, a cytotoxic factor is produced by T lymphocytes of the spleen of DV-infected mice which kills normal mouse spleen cells in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Insulin-induced growth hormone responses in patients with prostatic carcinoma.

Insulin-induced pituitary growth hormone (GH) response was studied in 12 patients with prostatic carcinoma. Three patients demonstrated significant abnormal GH release associated with concentrations which remained on a high plateau during the study. The patients subsequently presented clinically with rapidly progressing disease. Such observations are compatible with the viewpoint that abnormally high or low GH levels systemically present, may be associated with a particularly bad clinical prognosis. Further studies will clarify this relationship.

Adenocarcinoma↗