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Biomedical subjects

A Bertrand

Publications and source records attributed to A Bertrand.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Effect of diltiazem on myocardial infarct size estimated by enzyme release, serial thallium-201 single-photon emission computed tomography and radionuclide angiography.

Diltiazem is a calcium antagonist with demonstrated experimental cardioprotective effects. Its effects on myocardial infarct size were studied in 34 patients admitted within 6 hours after the first symptoms of acute myocardial infarction. These patients were randomized, double-blind to placebo or diltiazem (10-mg intravenous bolus followed by 15 mg/hr intravenous infusion during 72 hours, followed by 4 X 60 mg during 21 days). Myocardial infarct size was assessed by plasma creatine kinase and creatine kinase-MB indexes, perfusion defect scores using single-photon emission computed tomography with thallium-201 and left ventricular ejection fraction measured by radionuclide angiography. Tomographic and angiographic scanning was performed serially before randomization, after 48 hours and 21 days later. Groups were comparable in terms of age, sex, inclusion time and baseline infarct location and size. Results showed no difference in creatine kinase and creatine kinase-MB data between controls and treated patients, a significant decrease in the perfusion defect scores in the diltiazem group (+0.1 +/- 3.0 placebo vs -2.2 +/- 1.9 diltiazem, p less than 0.02) and a better ejection fraction recovery in the diltiazem group (-4.2 +/- 7.4 placebo vs +7.7 +/- 11.2 diltiazem, p less than 0.05). Myocardial infarct size estimates from perfusion defect scores and enzyme data were closely correlated. These preliminary results suggest that diltiazem may reduce ischemic injury in acute myocardial infarction.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Clinical Enzyme Tests↗
PubMed1988

Effects of a one-year administration of phosphate and intermittent calcitonin on bone-forming and bone-resorbing cells in involutional osteoporosis: a histomorphometric study.

The bone histomorphometric effects of intermittent phosphate and calcitonin therapy during 1 year were analyzed in 15 involutional osteoporotic patients. Phosphate was administered continuously (1.5 g/day) and calcitonin was injected during 5 days every third week (50 IU/day). The bone cell response was analyzed in two separate groups, according to the amount of trabecular bone present in the iliac bone biopsy: patients with trabecular bone volume (TBV) beyond the histomorphometric spontaneous fracture threshold (0.16 mm3/mm3) (group 1; 11 patients) and patients with TBV above this threshold (group 2; 4 patients). In group 1, the treatment significantly increased TBV from 0.113 +/- 0.025 to 0.156 +/- 0.046 mm3/mm3 by thickening the existing trabeculae rather than by creating new trabeculae; stimulation of bone formation rate (+ 50%) and significant reduction in active trabecular resorption surfaces (from 0.021 +/- 0.013 to 0.010 +/- 0.006 mm2/mm2; P less than .05) may have led to positive bone balance. In group 2, TBV was not changed because of the treatment's relative inefficiency for reducing the bone-resorbing cell activity, leading to likely persistent negative bone balance. Cortical thickness did not change in either group. This study confirms the positive effectiveness of continuous treatment with phosphate and intermittent calcitonin during 1 year on bone balance in involutional osteoporosis with low amount of bone. The lack of response in patients with normal amount of bone must be verified before raising the hypothesis of different bone cell activity and before anticipating the therapeutic response according to local bone mass besides bone remodeling status in osteoporosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Analytical profile of the new diuretic beta-blocking agent tienoxolol hydrochloride.

Physicochemical properties, i.e. elemental analysis, spectra (NMR, MS, IR, UV), solubilities, pKa, partition coefficient, melting point, HPLC, and data on purity and stability of ethyl 2-(3-[(1,1-dimethylethyl)amino]-2-hydroxy-propoxy)-5-[(2- thienylcarbonyl)amino]benzoate hydrochloride (tienoxolol), a new drug with antihypertensive properties are reported.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1988

[Rickettsiaceae infections and fluoroquinolones].

Twenty nine patients with Rickettsiosis (Tick born fever, n: 22, Q fever, n: 7) has been treated with fluoroquinolones. These compounds was used alone n: 25 (Pefloxacin, n: 15; Ofloxacin, n: 10) or associated n: 4 (Pefloxacin + Rifampin). The general efficacy was excellent. Common Tick born fever and pulmonary forms of Q fever was fast cured. Severe Tick born fever (neurologic or polyvisceral forms, n: 5) and Q fever with long term hyperthermia, n: 4 cas always cured without complications but the time necessary to obtain apyrexia was often longer (6 cases).

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1988

[Multicenter study of the clinical efficacy and tolerance of roxithromycin compared to erythromycin ethylsuccinate in lower respiratory tract infections].

In a double blind, randomised investigation in 193 hospitalized patients, with low respiratory infections, roxithromycin (150 mg bd) and erythromycin ethylsuccinate (1 g bd) were compared. Assessment of safety was made in 183 patients and clinical response in 155 patients. The mean duration of treatment was 11 days in both groups. Clinical effectiveness was 82% (67/82) for roxithromycin and 77% (56/73) for erythromycin ethylsuccinate. Roxithromycin appears to have a good effectiveness and to be effective as erythromycin ethylsuccinate. The safety profile is satisfactory in both groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[10-year results of anastomoses of the left internal mammary artery to the anterior interventricular artery. Angiographic and radionuclide controls].

The long term patency of left internal mammary artery graft is better than that of saphenous vein graft. The aim of this study was to determined if this high patency rate was accompanied by a satisfactory myocardial perfusion. Among 143 patients treated with an internal mammary artery graft on the left anterior descending artery between 1972 and 1976, 42 patients underwent coronary angiogram and exercise tomoscintigraphy (thallium 201) over 10 years after surgery. The left internal mammary artery was patent in 92% without any atheromatous lesions. The myocardial perfusion in the area supplied by the left anterior descending artery was normal in 74%. A slight ischemia appeared during exercise in 19% without any clinical symptoms. This long term study shows excellent anatomical results correlated with a good myocardial perfusion during exercise in most cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Hemoglobin J-Baltimore (beta 16(A13)Gly----Asp): interference with the assay of HbA1c.

Three independent cases of Hemoglobin J-Baltimore(beta 16(A13)Gly----Asp) were detected through the assay of HbA1c in diabetic patients. Using chromatography on Bio-Rex 70 resin, one large peak replaced the usually well resolved peaks of HbA1a + b and HbA1c. The species that overlapped the latter fractions was identified as HbJ1c. HbJ-Baltimore itself was identified using HPLC of the beta-chain tryptic peptides. This observation emphasizes the errors that hemoglobin variants may introduce in the assay of HbA1c.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Effect of flecainide on left ventricular ejection fraction.

Antiarrhythmic agents may depress cardiac contractility and worsen heart failure. Flecainide is an effective antiarrhythmic drug, but when administered orally in patients with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction, its effect on LV function is unknown. To assess the effects of flecainide on cardiac function, LV ejection fraction (LVEF) was measured by radionuclide ventriculography in 36 patients with LV dysfunction (LVEF less than or equal to 40%), prior to, and 7 days after, drug therapy was initiated. To analyse the possibility of a dose-dependent effect on LVEF, 18 patients received 200 mg day-1 of flecainide and 18 patients with an identical initial LVEF (27 +/- 8 vs 27 +/- 9) (NS) received 300 mg day-1. The study was stopped in 7 patients because of severe cardiac adverse effects; in these patients the LVEF was significantly lower (15 +/- 7) than that of the 29 patients who completed the protocol (27 +/- 8) (P less than 0.01). In patients who completed the protocol, there was no significant change in LVEF either with a daily dosage of flecainide of 200 mg day-1 (27 +/- 8 vs 27 +/- 8) or with 300 mg day-1 (27 +/- 9 vs 28 +/- 13). Thus, in the patients with LV dysfunction studied, oral flecainide did not significantly affect LV function either with a low or with the usual daily dosage. However, in patients with severe impairment of LV function (LVEF less than 30%) flecainide must be used carefully owing to a higher incidence of adverse effects on cardiac rhythm.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1987

[Ofloxacin (RU 43280). Clinical study].

Thirty-two patients were treated by ofloxacin on bacteriological documented infections. They were Enterobacterias: n = 15 (MIC less than or equal to 0.06 to 0.5 microgram/ml); Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter: n = 1 (MIC 0.5 and 4 micrograms/ml); Staphylococcus: n = 6 (MIC less than or equal to 0.06 to 4 micrograms/ml); Pneumococcus: n = 1; Mycoplasma: n = 1; Chlamydia psittaci: n = 2; Legionella pneumophila: n = 1; Rickettsias: n = 4 (three mediterranean fevers one query fever). Ofloxacin was given orally from 400 to 800 mg per day (5 to 15 mg/kg/day). It was used alone 26 times and on 6 occasions it was associated with rifampin on 6 staphylococcal infections. On 19 cases it was used after failure or intolerance of initial therapy. Thirty times it was the first antibiotic substance used. Results were good mainly: 1) on nine pneumonitis (enterobacterias: 4; Pneumococcus: 1; Mycoplasma: 1; Chlamydia: 2; Legionella: 1) during a mean duration of twenty days; 2) urinary infections (n:7) provoked by E. coli and Enterobacter cloacae (mean duration: 20 days); 3) 4 osteo-articular-infections (mean duration: 77 days); 4) Rickettsial infections (n:4) during a mean duration of 11 days. Results are particularly noteworthy because patients treated had severe infections: 12 bacteremias, 1 endocarditis and 1 purulent meningitis. None severe adverse effect was observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Cardiac radionuclide tomography with gamma emitters].

Two types of radioisotope tomography have been developed: single photon emission computed tomography and positron emission tomography. Tomography of the heart meets with several problems due to the mobility and obliquity of that organ and to the heterogeneity of surrounding tissues. Compared with planar tomography, myocardial tomography with thallium 201 improves the detection of ischaemic and sub-ischaemic areas in myocardial infarction and chronic coronary disease. In spite of some technical limitations, tomography with labelled red cells is very helpful to determine pre-operative size and location of aneurysms.

Coronary Disease↗