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Biomedical subjects

A Berstad

Publications and source records attributed to A Berstad.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Intestinal absorption of calcium from three commerical calcium preparations in man.

Intestinal 47Ca absorption was determined from blood and stool radioactivity after oral administration of 150 ml saline containing the isotope (as 47CaCl2) and 500 mg of elementary calcium in the form of one of three commercial calcium preparations from "NAF" or "Collett" (containing calcium carbonate) or from "Sandoz" (containing mainly calcium lactogluconate). 51CrEDTA was used as unabsorbable marker to allow corrections for incomplete faecal collection. The calcium carbonate preparations were only partially dissolved when administered, but the calcium absorption from these preparations was found to be no less than that from the completely soluble calcium "Sandoz" preparation. The calculated minimal absorption of calcium was, on an average, about 100 mg from all three calcium preparations in subjects without known intestinal calcium absorption defects.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1976

Altered pancreatic function after proximal gastric vagotomy in man.

The secretion of bicarbonate into the duodenum in response to stepwise increasing doses of secretin (0.078, 0.23, 0.7, and 2.1 U/kg-hr) was investigated in 11 duodenal ulcer patients before and about 1 1/2 years after proximal gastric vagotomy. After the vagotomy the mean output of bicarbonate in response to the two lowest doses of secretin increased from 2.2 to 3.7 mmoles per 30 min im response to 0.078 U/kg-hr and from 6.6 to 9.8 mmoles per 30 min in response to 0.23 U/kg-hr. On the other hand, the output of bicarbonate in response to the highest dose of secretin decreased from 20.3 mmoles per 30 min before to 16.5 mmoles per 30 min after the vagotomy. The dose of secretin required for half-maximal stimulation decreased from 0.7 to 0.3 U/kg-hr. The calculated maximal bicarbonate response decreased from 27.8 to 17.7 mmoles per 30 min. Thus, increased sensitivity of the bicarbonate-producing cells to low doses of secretin and decreased bicarbonate secretory capacity of the pancreas after proximal gastric vagotomy were found.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

The acute effect of sodium cellulose phosphate on intestinal absorption and urinary excretion of calcium in man.

Intestinal 47Ca absorption has been determined from blood and stool radioactivity after oral administration of the isotope in nine patients before and during cellulose phosphate treatment. Oral administration of 5 g cellulose phosphate concomitant with 47Ca in 100 mg "carrier" calcium as CaCl2 decreased 47Ca absorption by 80 per cent. Cellulose phosphate, 5 g three times daily, decreased urinary excretion of non-radioactive calcium by 47 percent. Urinary magnesium excretion decreased by 47 percent whereas urinary phosphorus excretion increased by 67%. Calcium and magnesium excretion in urine decrease because cellulose phosphate binds divalent cations within the GI tract. The increased phosphorus excretion is probably due to partial hydrolysis of the substance in the gut.

Calcium↗
PubMed1975

Effect of urecholine and carbacholine on pentagastrin-stimulated gastric secretion after proximal gastric vagotomy in duodenal ulcer patients;.

Six months after proximal gastric vagotomy gastric secretion was examined after infusion of pentagastrin, 15 mug/kg/hr, alone and in combination with urecholine, 60 mug/kg/hr, or carbacholine, 2 mug/kg/hr. There were no significant differences between mean acid outputs after the three types of stimulation. Pepsin outputs were significantly higher after pentagastrin plus carbacholine and pentagastrin plus urecholine than after pentagastrin alone. Urecholine and carbacholine increased pepsin secretion to a similar degree. Volume of gastric juice was significantly higher after simultaneous infusion of pentagastrin and urecholine than after pentagastrin alone or pentagastrin plus carbacholine.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Decrease in gastric secretion during the first three months after proximal gastric vagotomy in duodenal ulcer patients.

Gastric secretion was stimulated by intravenous infusion of 15 mug/kg/hr of pentagastrin before and 10 and 90 days after proximal gastric vagotomy in 16 duodenal ulcer patients. Postoperatively 15 ug/kg/hr of pentagastrin was also given in combination with 2 mug/kg/hr of carbacholine. Mean acid output in response to pentagastrin alone was reduced by 48 and 64 per cent at 10 and 90 days after the vagotomy, respectively. Mean pentagastrin-stimulated acid output and volume of gastric juice was significantly higher at 10 days than at 90 days after the operation. Mean pepsin output decreased also, but the decrease was not statistically significant. There was no significant effect of carbacholine on pentagastrin-stimulated acid output either at 10 or 90 days. Carbacholine increased pentagastrin-stimulated volume of gastric juice significantly at 10 but not 90 days postoperatively. The effect of carbacholine on pentagastrin-stimulated pepsin output was significant both 10 and 90 days after the vagotomy. Pepsin output in response to pentagastrin plus carbacholine 10 days after the operation was not significantly different from preoperative values. At 10 days postoperatively the increase in pentagastrin-stimulated volume of gastric juice by carbacholine was significantly greater than at 90 days. The corresponding differences of acid and pepsin outputs were not significant.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

A histological study of gastric mucosa before and after proximal gastric vagotomy in duodenal ulcer patients.

In 29 patients with duodenal ulcer, suction biopsies were obtained from the body of the stomach within 2 weeks before and 3 and 12 months after proximal gastric vagotomy (PGV). Only those with a negative insulin test were included in the study. Three months after PGV basal and pentagastrin-stimulated acid secretion was reduced by 82 and 64 percent of preoperative values, respectively. Twelve months after the operation the corresponding figures were 63 and 56 percent. There was a similar acid reduction in patients with or without gastritis. The number of patients with atrophic gastritis increased from 3 before the operation to 11 3 months after PGV (p smaller than 0.01). There was no further increase from 3 to 12 months postoperatively. The average thickness of gastric mucosa and the mean number of parietal cells per unit area before PGV did not show any significant change 3 months and 1 year after the operation. There was a significant correlation between the number of parietal cells per unit area and maximal acid output before (p smaller than0.01) but not after PGV. Acid output per parietal cell was higher before PGV, suggesting that the decrease in gastric secretion after PGV cannot be attributed to the development of gastritis or reduction of parietal cell number.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

The early effect of trimipramine (Surmontil) on gastric secretion in man.

The early effect of the trycyclic and antidepressive compound trimipramine (Surmontil; Pharma Rhodia) was examined in 10 patients with dyspeptic complaints. The gastric secretion was examined twice for one hour before, and one hour after, intramuscular injection of 1 mg histalog per kg body weight. In random order trimipramine was given perorally as two 50 mg tablets 3 hours before one of the gastric secretion tests. A significant decrease was found in volume and acid output of basal secretion after the peroral dose of trimipramine. The concentration and output of acid as well as the concentration of pepsin were significantly altered. After stimulation with histalog a significant reduction was found for volume and acid output, whereas the output of pepsin was unchanged. The reduction of acid secretion and volume could be ascribed to an anticholinergic effect of the drug.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Effect of carbacholine and urecholine on pentagastrin-stimulated gastric secretion in healthy subjects.

Dose-response studies of pentagastrin-stimulated gastric secretion were performed in 6 healthy volunteers. On different days pentagastrin was given in doses of 0.15, 1.5, and 15 mug/kg/hr either alone or in combination with carbacholine, 2 mug/kg/hr, or urecholine, 60 mug/kg/hr. Carbacholine and urecholine increased acid and pepsin secretion evoked by the lowest dose of pentagastrin while there was no augmentation at the highest dose. The dose of pentagastrin required to elicit half maximal acid output (Km) tended to decrease by simultaneous infusion of carbacholine or urecholine, suggesting that the cholinomimetics increased the sensitivity of the parietal cells to pentagastrin stimulation. Km for pentagastrin alone was higher than previously found in unoperated duodenal ulcer patients.

Adult↗