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Biomedical subjects

A Berghaus

Publications and source records attributed to A Berghaus.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Modifying the stapes footplate with various laser systems. II. The pulsed laser].

The object of the present study was to examine the tissue ablation capacity of various pulsed lasers at the stapes footplate. Isolated human stapes and bovine compact-bone platelets (thickness 90 microns) were used to determine effective laser parameters for achieving a perforation measuring 500 microns to 600 microns in diameter. Apart from achieving the perforation diameters, particular attention was given to the form and quality of the perforations, reproducibility of the perforation effect and the thermally altered border zones occurring at the footplate. Four pulsed laser systems were used: excimer, Ho:YAG, Er:YSGG and CO2 lasers. An adequately large perforation generally could only be achieved by several repeated shots at the same application site, since only a small amount of tissue was ablated per application. The mechanism of the photoablation caused the extent of the thermal side effects to be markedly lower than with the continuous wave (cw) and superpulse systems. For this reason and because of their highly reproducible perforation effect, they were basically better suited for stapedotomy than the cw systems. It was possible, however, that as a result of the longer application time and the need to repeatedly irradiate the same application site, the higher pulse counts could prove to be disadvantageous in clinical practice. Among the pulsed laser systems, the Er:YSGG laser had the highest ablation rate at the stapes and was thus the most effective laser for interventions at the footplate. Although somewhat less effective than the Er:YSGG laser in our studies, the Ho:YAG and pulsed CO2 lasers also appear to be suitable for stapes surgery. On the other hand, we did not consider the excimer laser (308 nm) to be particularly effective at the footplate because of its low ablation rates.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Technique and indications of extended sublabial rhinotomy ("midfacial degloving").

Midfacial degloving is an extended sublabial rhinotomy, which permits good bilateral access to the nasal and paranasal cavities, the base of the skull, and the clivus. The incisions leave no visible scars. The access is suitable for large benign tumours (such as nasopharyngeal fibromas or inverted papillomas), but can also be used for malignant tumours. It can be enlarged by supplementary incisions to meet the demands of tumour surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Autogenous auricular concha cartilage transplant in corrective rhinoplasty. Practical hints and critical remarks.

Numerous materials have been suggested for correction of nasal defects, especially for the saddle nose. We present here our experience with the autogenous cartilage transplant from the auricular concha in our collective of 32 patients. The concha cartilage is used for saddle nose corrections and reconstruction of the alar cartilages. Auricular concha cartilage is an almost ideal transplant material for corrective rhinoplasty because: 1. Harvesting of the material is a low-risk procedure that is not time-consuming and can be performed under local anaesthesia. 2. Concha cartilage is stable enough for support and elastic enough for contouring. 3. It can easily be shaped as desired. 4. Concha cartilage shows little tendency towards dislocation. 5. Resorption is negligible and thus plays no role in connection with these transplants. 6. Rejection or infection rarely occurs.

Ear Cartilage↗
PubMed1991

Diagnosis of nasal allergy to the house dust mite.

Twenty-five patients with perennial rhinitis and a positive skin prick test (SPT) for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp) and Dermatophagoides farinae (Df) were submitted to nasal provocation and the radioimmunosorbent test (RAST) for specific IgE-antibodies. We found a significant correlation in the reaction to both allergen extracts for all parameters examined. In addition, there was a significant correlation among the SPT, the RAST and the nasal provocation for Dp and between the SPT and the RAST for Df. In patients with perennial rhinitis we recommend the combination of all three methods to differentiate unspecific rhinitis from an allergic rhinitis. Only the patients with proved allergic rhinitis could benefit from a specific hyposensitisation.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Gout tophus of the middle ear].

An unusual case of a patient with a gouty tophus in the middle ear is presented. The patient had no clinical or laboratory signs of hyperuricaemia. The findings in the middle ear are discussed with reference to current knowledge of the pathogenesis of gout.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Midfacial degloving].

Midfacial degloving is an extended sublabial rhinotomy. It permits good bilateral access to the deeper parts of the midfacial region, particularly the nasal and paranasal cavities, the base of the skull, and the clivus. The incision leaves no visible scars. The access is suitable for large benign tumors such as nasopharyngeal fibromas or inverted papillomas, but can also be used for malignant tumors. The access can be enlarged at any time by supplementary incisions to meet the demands of tumor surgery. We describe the operative technique for midfacial degloving and present a case to illustrate the applications of this technique.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[The myocutaneous platysma flap].

Reconstruction of defects after tumor ablation has been accomplished by a variety of different techniques. The platysma musculocutaneous flap for reconstruction is outlined and the surgical technique described. It provides 8 x 10 cm of flap coverage. The donor site is closed primarily without cosmetic defect. Forty of 48 patients on whom this flap was used healed without complication.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

[Iatrogenic foreign body of the nose].

The present case involves an intranasal foreign body that was discovered five months after conservative therapy of a myocardial infarction. In such cases, oxygen tubes are fixed by plastic blocks which can accidentally become lodged in the nose. In this case, an elderly patient was suspected of having a carcinoma of the inner nose.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Ivory as a nose implant performed by Jacques Joseph. Late results after more than 40 years].

A report is represented on late results of saddle-nose corrections in three patients who, more than 40 years ago, underwent surgery performed by Jacques Joseph in Berlin using an ivory chip. One patient showed a very good permanent result, while the two others had implant loss, which, in one case, was due to trauma. The case reports offer an opportunity to recall a few biographical data on Jacques Joseph and on his use of ivory as an implant material.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Preserving the accessory nerve in neck dissection].

A total of 104 patients who had undergone neck dissection were examined with respect to disturbance of shoulder function on the operated side. The accessory nerve had been severed in half the patients and preserved in the other half. A dynamo-meter was used to measure the force a patient standing upright could exert in pulling upward with his arm outstretched. The relative loss of strength after neck dissection was determined by relating the difference between the two sides to the strength of the healthy shoulder. On average, the loss of strength in the operated shoulder was significantly less after preservation of the accessory nerve than after its severance. An additional influence due to tumour stage or postoperative irradiation was not found. The functional loss determined by the difference quotient correlated well with the patients' subjective account of their functional impairment. Preservation of the eleventh cranial nerve is discussed with respect to the question of increased risk of lymph node recurrence.

Accessory Nerve↗
PubMed1987

Complications of frontal defects. Immobilization of the eye.

A case where the severe course of an orbital phlegmon led to a functionally and cosmetically poor condition is presented. Thirty-five years later, it was possible to achieve a satisfactory result through several operations performed with interdisciplinary cooperation. The orbit and forehead were reconstructed with porous polyethylene, thus ensuring a cosmetically good result. In two operations, the left eye was freed from its upward fixation through cicatrectomy and mobilization of the mucles, so that the eyes were straight again in the primary position. There is a limited binocular visual field. Binocular vision could be restored again after an interruption of 35 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Experiences with the augmentation of vocal cords].

Augmentation of a vocal fold serves to improve glottic closure and may be indicated for paresis of the recurrent nerve and after tumor resection. Methods include injection of viscous fluids (paraffin, liquid silicone, polyvinyl alcohol, gelatin, sesame oil, collagen and particularly teflon paste) and operations to tighten the vocal cord or displace it medially. The disadvantages of the former include the danger of overcorrection, tissue irritation and possible systemic absorption of the material. As an alternative, solid material such as cartilage or synthetics may be used for augmentation. Experience obtained so far has shown that chips of porous polyethylene (PHDPE) are particularly suitable: they are easy to use, show good tissue tolerance and are anchored by ingrowth of connective tissue. The value of photokymography of the larynx in the assessment of therapeutic results after vocal-fold augmentation is discussed.

Cartilage↗