Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Berger

Publications and source records attributed to A Berger.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Early effects of aldosterone on the basolateral potassium conductance of A6 cells.

Aldosterone increases the basolateral conductance in target epithelia. The basolateral membrane of tight epithelia contains two different types of K+ conductances (GK), a "resting" and a volume-activated GK. We have studied the early effects (at 4 hours) of 500 nmol/l aldosterone on the basolateral membrane GK of A6 cells (a Xenopus laevis kidney cell line), after the permeabilization of the apical membrane with amphotericin B. In the presence of a 97 to 3 mmol/l apical to basolateral K+ gradient, the "resting", inward rectifying GK was similar in control and aldosterone treated cells. In contrast, aldosterone induced a 2-fold increase of the volume-activated quinidine sensitive GK.

Aldosterone↗
PubMed1993

Treatment of traumatic facial tattoos caused by black gunpowder.

Injuries and tattooing caused by gunpowder explosions may lead to permanent cosmetic disfigurement when they are not treated properly. One must distinguish between early and late treatment and recognize that early correct treatment prevents the development of many problems for both the doctor and the patient. It is essential to emphasize the importance of adequate dermabrasion of the tattooing, preferably within the first 6 h after injury or at the absolute maximum 72 h. When the injury is too old or the tattoos are too deep the minipunch technique has worked well.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Cross-tolerance between carbamazepine and valproate on amygdala-kindled seizures.

Carbamazepine and valproate are two clinically used anticonvulsants which are also effective in the treatment of manic-depressive illness. Although the biochemical profiles of these drugs are markedly different, some mechanisms in common may be implied by their partially overlapping spectrum of therapeutic efficacy in seizure and affective disorders. Further evaluation of common biological targets of these agents was attempted by determining whether cross-tolerance would occur to the anticonvulsant effects of carbamazepine and valproate on amygdala-kindled seizures. It had previously been shown that tolerance to carbamazepine's anticonvulsant effects on amygdala-kindled seizures occurs only with contingent drug administration, i.e., it occurs only when the drug is injected before the kindling stimulation, and not when the drug is given after the seizure. In the current studies, rats that were made tolerant to carbamazepine showed cross-tolerance to valproate. Kindled rats given carbamazepine after each seizure stimulation (i.e., non-tolerant controls) did not show tolerance to valproate's anticonvulsant effects, indicating that the cross-tolerance between carbamazepine and valproate was also contingent. The clinical implications and potential common biochemical target mechanisms of the cross-tolerance between carbamazepine and valproate deserve further investigation.

Amygdala↗
PubMed1993

Heterotopic finger transfer in ulnar ray deficiency associated with contralateral postaxial polydactyly: a case report.

A case of type-I ulnar ray deficiency, combined with postaxial polydactyly of the opposite hand, is described. Heterotopic transfer of the supernumerary finger was performed, in order to improve function in the defective hand and to treat the hexadactyly of the other hand. A combination of these malformations has apparently not previously been reported in the literature.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1993

Influence of feeding unsaturated fats on growth and immune status of mice.

Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids alter the lipid composition and immune systems of mice. To date, most studies have been of short duration and focused on a particular immunologic assay. Adult female mice were therefore fed diets rich in 18:1(n-9) (olive oil), 18:2(n-6) (safflower oil), 18:3(n-3) (linseed oil) or 20:5(n-3) and 22:6(n-3) (fish oil-safflower oil, 9:1, wt/wt), for a 5-mo period, encompassing two breeding cycles. Offspring from the second breeding cycle were then fed these diets for 42 d, and a spectrum of immune functions was assessed. Dietary fat had a small effect on gestational weight gain and total and relative organ weights of the offspring. The relative amounts of splenic Ly-2 and gamma delta receptor-expressing T cells were proportional to the concentration of 18:2(n-6), and inversely proportional to the concentration of long chain (n-3) polyenes in the diet. In contrast, Ly-1, immunoglobulin M, GM1+, and Ly-1 B suppressor inducer cells were not significantly affected by dietary fat. Splenic natural killer cell and lymphokine activated killer cell activities were attenuated by (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids, in contrast to superoxide production of stimulated macrophages which was increased. Those immune functions that were sensitive to dietary fat modulation will be the focus of continued research.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Digestive system cancers and pregnancy].

Digestive tract cancers are infrequent during pregnancy. Prognosis is usually dismal both because diagnosis is delayed as a result of symptoms being ascribed to the pregnancy and because saving both the mother and fetus is difficult. A review of the relevant literature, focused on colorectal and gastric cancers which are the most common forms, emphasizes the need for early diagnosis and for adjusting treatment to gestational age at diagnosis.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1993

[Treatment strategy in explosion and gunshot injuries of the upper extremity].

Explosion and gunshot injuries represent a challenging problem with regard to preserve optimal hand function. These wounds exhibit a spectrum of complexity and mostly include extensive soft tissue trauma complicated by burns, foreign bodies, fractures and concomitant trauma. To gain maximal restoration of hand function the use of microsurgical technique, grafting of nerves, vessels and soft tissue as an acute free flap to cover a large defect immediately is necessary. The experience in treatment of 38 cases of blast and gunshot injuries of the hand are reported. The results are discussed in relation to literature, complication, indication and technique.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Opposition-plasty after brachial plexus lesions by osteosynthesis].

Secondary reconstruction of lost muscle function in brachial plexus injuries is performed by dynamic muscle and tendon transposition, by free microvascular muscle transplantation and by static surgical procedures. In cases of weak function of the finger flexors, static opponensplasty is required. In these cases our procedure is the internal fixation of the base of the metacarpal I to the base of the metacarpal II without stabilisation of cancellous bone. From 1987 to 1992 we operated 15 patients by this procedure. Results are showing sufficient stabilisation and good function.

Bone Screws↗
PubMed1993

[A comparison of different treatment methods of pseudarthroses and recurrent pseudarthroses of the scaphoid].

From 1981 to 1990 110 scaphoid non-unions were operated on in our clinic. The period from 1986 to 1990 was followed up. During this time, 45 cases were surgically treated: 27 by Matti-Russe plasty, 11 by Herbert screw, and 7 by vascularized radial bone graft. The following criteria were compared: 1. Radiological signs of healing; 2. Period of immobilization; 3. Clinical results. The shortest period of immobilization and best wrist function was observed in patients treated by Herbert screw.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Value of heterotopic finger replantation].

Multidigital amputations represent a challenging problem with regard in restoring optimal sensomotoric hand function. Often orthotopic finger stumps or the separated digits are unfit for conventional replantation. This condition is an imperative indication for transpositional replantation. Among 24 heterotopic replantations the survival rate was 82 percent. The favorable finger transfer was a pollizisation, followed by a substitution of the middle finger and finally creating an expanding opposite grip on the ulnar site of the hand. Secondary corrective procedures have been performed in 37.5 percent. To evaluate the global hand function score systems according to Millesi or Tamai have been applied. 65 percent presented a "good" subjective and objective hand function as to Tamai. However the regain of hand function has to be aspired much more in the single and individual case of transpositional replantations when compared to the Millesi-score system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Hepatobiliary manifestations in AIDS in adults. Place of cholecystectomy].

In AIDS patients an acalculous cholecystitis may be responsible for abdominal pain subsiding after cholecystectomy. But the indications for cholecystectomy are not clear: cholecystitis is usually associated with diffuse cholangitis and this might cause the symptoms. Since 1985, 8 AIDS patients have undergone cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis. Ultrasonography revealed a 5 to 12 mm thickening of the gallbladder wall in all of them and gallbladder stones in two; four patients had cholangitis. The decision to operate was based on persistent pain associated with fever, poor general condition and muscular rigidity at palpation. Four patients had septic shock at the time of surgery; one died in the immediate postoperative period. In all other patients pain and septic syndrome subsided. Two patients died of AIDS complications 20 days after surgery; the remaining five died of AIDS 6, 9, 10, 12 and 14 months respectively after surgery; in two of them cholestasis had reappeared due to cholangitis. To summarize, in the 8 AIDS patients studied cholecystectomy was performed for clinical deterioration. Gallbladder pathology was responsible for the abdominal pain and the febrile general condition which was relieved by cholecystectomy.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗