Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A Bener.
A BASIC program is presented to compute one-way analysis of variance of life data. The program is simple, powerful, direct and relatively short. It allows for judgement of significance at the chosen confidence limit. Applications of the program to some experimental therapeutic data are shown.
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A simple iterative method is developed for computing the maximum likelihood estimates of the components of variance and thereby the intraclass and interclass correlations, under multivariate normal assumptions involving two classes. The method works efficiently for both balanced and unbalanced data and can be readily extended to situations involving three or more classes. It is particularly suitable for application to studies of quantitative variables in genetics and is illustrated by using some dermatoglyphic data.
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A sample of 539 Polish families and 2,500 individuals were analysed to determine whether there was any evidence of linkage between the dermatoglyphic pattern elements on fingertips and blood groups. The results of the present study did not show any indication of linkage between dermatoglyphic patterns on fingertips (ulnar loops, radial loops, whorls and arches) and the ABO, MN, Rh, Kell and Xg blood groups.
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The aim of this study was to derive estimates of covariance of sibships of mixed sex and to find a reasonably efficient method of estimating interclass correlations, when there are unequal numbers of sibs in families drawn from the same population. The applicability of the method to quantitative studies is illustrated by the use of dermatoglyphics data. The new method has proved effective in practice and serves the purpose for which it was intended.
The study of the occurrence of like patterns in grandparents and grandchildren allows for eight different sequences of gametic involvement in the contribution to a specific phenotype. Correlation between paternal and maternal grandparents and their grandchildren of both sexes for the occurrence of the major dermatoglyphics patterns on specific fingertips have been calculated. Such correlations reflect the amount of hereditary likeness between classes of relatives and may provide clues to the number of loci involved and to degree of dominance that may exist for the specification of some patterns over other. Using a synthetic index of pattern correlation, it was shown that paternal influence through two generations was least for the specification of whorls in males, and greatest for specification radial loops. In grandchildren of maternal grandmothers the influence on radial loops was least and greatest for specification of whorls, implying differential roles for chromosomal, oocytoplasmic and uterine environmental factors in patterns. A comparison of the pattern correlation indexes of the various grandparent-grandchild pairs might indicate whether this presumed difference in developmental influence is detectable.
A simplified form of Smith's test for linkage between a mendelian and a quantitative character is described. Numerical examples are given of its application to the Kell blood group and sole dermatoglyphics.
A method is described for estimating the degree of genetic variability between parents and offspring for polygenic traits. Dermatoglyphic pattern elements on fingertips palms, and soles illustrate the method and the quantitative contribution of each sex was determined.
A sample of 539 Polish families and 1,500 individuals were analysed to determine whether there was any suggestion of linkage between the dermatoglyphic characters and the blood groups. Provisional evidence for linkage between certain dermatoglyphic characters on the sole and the ABO blood groups has been obtained.
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In the present paper, 539 Polish families and 999 individuals (515 males and 484 females) were analysed to determine whether asymmetry of dermatoglyphic patter elements on the fingertips of ulnar and radial loops in genetically controlled. And we enquire whether the body is bilaterally asymmetrical. We have found the asymmetry between right and left hand fingertips for ulnar and radial loops, for each digit and between the two sexes. The differences between the sexes is small. The bimanual difference in dermatoglyphic pattern elements between hands, right minus left, has been used as a measure of asymmetry. The mean and variance difference for males is not significantly different from the mean and variance for females. An investigation was also made of correlations between relatives for bimanual differences, right minus left. We may conclude from these results that the asymmetry of dermatoglphic pattern elements on fingertips of ulnar and radial loops has little hereditary component. Finally, the results of this work show that the dermatoglyphic pattern elements on fingertips of ulnar and radial loops on each side of the body are inherited.
A method is described of searching for heterozygotes in a quantitative character, based on the idea that heterozygotes have more variable children than homozygotes. The variability in a set of sibs is therefore partitioned into components from the mother and father, using a least squares technique; a large component indicates a probably heterozygous parent. The method is tried out on dermatoglyphic data.
A cross-sectional, population-based study was conducted among school children (3300), aged 7-12 years, in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, during the period January, 1988-February, 1990. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between asthma, allergic rhinitis, wheeze and eczema among Saudi school children. The relationship between pet-ownership and respiratory allergy was also studied. Detailed information was collected about wheeze and asthma in 3041 children and history of asthma and allergic rhinitis in their parents. The population sample had a high prevalence rate of diagnosed asthma (6.8%), history of wheeze (10.5%), allergic rhinitis (17.9%), and eczema (10.8%). Allergic rhinitis was the most frequently seen respiratory illness when compared to other respiratory symptoms. The prevalence rate of asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema among parents reflected the same pattern as that seen in the children. Prevalence rate for asthma in children with pets is twice that of children without pets (OR: 2.4; 95%, Cl: 1.8-3.1). The odds of having chronic cough (OR: 3.9; 95% Cl: 2.8-5.2), chronic wheeze (OR: 4.2; 95%, 3.3-5.4), allergic rhinitis (OR: 8.0; 95% Cl: 6.3-10.3) and eczema (OR: 2.8: 95 Cl: 2.1-3.7) was higher in children with pets than in children without pets. The present study revealed that pet-ownership was associated with increased respiratory symptoms.