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Biomedical subjects

A Baumgarten

Publications and source records attributed to A Baumgarten.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Reexamination of paternal age effect in Down's syndrome.

The recent discovery that the extra chromosome in about 30% of cases of 47, trisomy 21 is of paternal origin has revived interest in the possibility of paternal age as a risk factor for a Down syndrome birth, independent of maternal age. Parental age distribution for 611 Down's syndrome 47, +21 cases was studied. The mean paternal age was 0.16 year greater than in the entire population of live births after controlling for maternal age. There was no evidence for a significant paternal age effect at the 0.05 level. For 242 of these Down's syndrome cases, control subjects were selected by rigidly matching in a systematic manner. Paternal age was the variable studied, with maternal age and time and place of birth controlled. There was no statistically significant association between paternal age and Down's syndrome. After adjustment for maternal age, these two studies were not consistent with an increase of paternal age in Down's syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Pyomyositis].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Affinity chromatography with specific antibody increases activity and retains antigenicity of ornithine decarboxylase.

An affinity chromatography column with antibody specific to ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) was employed successfully for the retention and subsequent partial elution of ODC with enhanced activity and retention of antigenicity. This may be a useful procedure for further attempts to produce antiserum for identification and characterizations of ODC in vitro and in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Comparison of simian and human cytomegalovirus reactivities in an enzyme-linked immunospecific assay: effect of antigen preparation on cross-reactive antigens.

Simian cytomegalovirus was substituted for human cytomegalovirus in an enzyme-linked immunoassay. Unlike the indirect immunofluorescence assay which demonstrates a two-way cross-reactivity, only one-way cross-reactivity was observed. Altering the method of simian antigen preparation gave some insight other this different reactivity.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Chemiluminescent immunoenzymatic assay for rapid diagnosis of viral infections.

Current methods of viral diagnosis have been criticized for slowness and insensitivity. However, immunoassay may provide the desired increase in the speed of diagnosis without sacrificing accuracy. This report describes the efficacy of the detection of viral antigen by means of an absorptiometric enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) or by a chemiluminescent enzyme-linked immunoassay (CELISA). Human cytomegalovirus was detected in clinical specimens or culture fluid with comparable sensitivity by CELISA and by viral isolation but with 50 times lesser sensitivity by ELISA. Similarly, herpes simplex virus was detected in clinical specimens with markedly greater sensitivity by CELISA than by ELISA. These findings indicate that the detection of appropriate viruses by CELISA may be a practical alternative to their isolation in cell culture.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1981

Immunoregulatory abnormalities in children with thrombocytopenic purpura.

Twenty-eight children with idiopathic thrombocytopenia and 51 members of their immediate families were studied for immunologic function and expression of autoimmune phenomena and disease. Among patients with active ITP, 64% had defective immunoregulatory lymphocytes. The majority of patients (23/28) and family members had one or more immunologic abnormalities, including autoantibodies, other autoimmune disorders, and abnormalities in complement, immunoglobulins, or regulatory T lymphocytes. These data suggest that a genetic predisposition to autoimmunity is present in the majority of children with ITP.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Sensitive chemiluminescent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for quantification of human immunoglobulin G and detection of herpes simplex virus.

A chemiluminescent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (CELISA) was developed for detecting human immunoglobulin G and herpes simplex viral antigen. A comparison of CELISA with a conventional absorptiometric detection system showed that CELISA was 100 times more sensitive than absorptiometry for the measurement of human immunglobulin G. Similarly, CELISA detected as few as 40 plaque-forming units of herpes simplex virus in contrast to 2,500 plaque-forming units detected by absorptiometry. Of 18 specimens which were positive for herpes simplex virus type 1 by isolation in tissue culture, 15 (83%) were detected by CELISA within a few hours; in certain cases, several days were necessary for detection of virus by isolation techniques.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1981

Serological evidence for a causative role of non-group A hemolytic streptococci in pharyngitis.

Non-group A beta-hemolytic streptococci were isolated from the throats of 30 adult patients with symptoms of pharyngitis. Grouping by counterimmunoelectrophoresis identified 7 strains belonging to group B, 5 to group C, 8 to group G, 1 to group K; 9 were no groupable. Convalescent sera were available from 17 patients and were assayed for antibody to streptolysin O (AO), deoxyribonuclease B (AB), hyaluronidase (AH), and to the patients' own group of steptococci as well as to group A streptococci by indirect immunofluorescence (IF). Control sera were employed as well. Elevated titres of antibody to the enzymes occurred in 3 (OA), 5 (AB), and none (AH) of the patients' sera. The titre of the patients' antibody (by IF) to their own isolates was significantly higher (p less than 0.001) than that to streptococci of group A and that of normal controls to streptococci of similar groups. These data support a causative role for non-group A hemolytic streptococci in human pharyngitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Enzyme-linked protein A: an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay reagent for detection of human immunoglobulin G and virus-specific antibody.

A general-purpose reagent capable of reacting with immunoglobulin G in a modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique was prepared by using protein A coupled with horseradish peroxidase. The reagent detected low levels (0.003 to 1.0 microgram/ml) of human immunoglobulin G and was also applied in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for titration of antibody to human cytomegalovirus. The antibody titers to human cytomegalovirus determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and by complement fixation were compared. The correlation coefficient between the two techniques was 0.85, but the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was 10 times more sensitive than complement fixation in terms of antibody titers detected.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1977

Indirect fluorescent-antibody test for human cytomegalovirus infection in the absence of interfering immunoglobulin G receptors.

The presence of immunoglobulin G receptors in human fibroblasts infected with human cytomegalovirus (CMV) resulted in a nonspecific cytoplasmic reaction in the indirect fluorescent-antibody test. Both CMV antibody-positive and antibody-negative sera from human or other animal species produced the cytoplasmic reaction. The substitution of a simian CMV strain for the human virus successfully eliminated this cytoplasmic reaction and, thus, allowed for the observation of virus-induced fluorescent intranuclear inclusions. With the latter system, CMV antibody titers in human sera were equivalent to those obtained by using the human virus and, in addition, allowed for the detection of relatively low-titered serum samples in which antibody measurement was difficult when human CMV-infected cells were used in the indirect fluorescent-antibody test.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Prognostic significance of DNA-binding capacity patterns in patients with lupus nephritis.

The time course of DNA binding capacity (DNA-bc) was found to correlate with the clinical course in a group of 21 patients who had biopsy-proven lupus glomerulonephritis and were treated with immunosuppressive agents. Eight patients showed a sequential DNA-bc pattern in which a high titre of anti-DNA antibody was present for a prolonged period of time all having an unfavourable clinical course. Persistently high values of DNA-bc preceded by as much as 10 months evidence of renal deterioration obtained by conventional renal function tests. Thirteen patients showed a low titre of anti-DNA antibody throughout most of their course, 12 having a favourable outcome. An initially high value of DNA-bc had no prognostic significance. These results suggest that the persistence of a high titre of anti-DNA antibody in patients with lupus glomerulonephritis is a poor prognostic sign.

Adolescent↗