[Renal tolerance during administration of iodinated contrast media in diabetic patients].
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Contrast Media↗
Biomedical subjects
A Baumelou
Publications and source records attributed to A Baumelou.
[Severe forms of imported malaria concerning three pernicious attacks and a black water fever (hemoglobinuria) (author's transl)].
Four severe cases of imported malaria are reported here. Three of them are pernicious and the fourth is a black water fever (hemoglobinuria). The difficulties of initial diagnosis are exposed. There was no mortality in these four cases which represent the annual recruiting of a multipurpose intensive care unit. But the complications are severe in contradiction with easy effective chemoprophylaxis. The principles of treatment and prophylaxis are resumed in the light of these four observations.
Acute Kidney Injury↗
[Pharmacokinetics of 3'-azido-3 deoxy-thymidine (AZT) in a patient undergoing hemodialysis].
Zidovudine (AZT) is the only effective drug in the treatment of AIDS. No data are available on the pharmacokinetics of this drug in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). We report on the pharmacokinetics of zidovudine between sessions of hemodialysis and during the procedure in one patient with ESRD. In 1987 a 40-year-old man with ESRD treated with hemodialysis had the AIDS-related complex. The T4/T8 ratio was 0.49. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western Blot studies revealed IgG antibodies specifically directed against HIV. The patient was then treated with zidovudine (100 mg three times daily). Studies of the pharmacokinetics of the drug, conducted between hemodialysis sessions, were performed on days 1 and 14 after the start of zidovudine treatment. Paired arterial and venous blood samples were obtained simultaneously one hour after the start of a hemodialysis session on day 20. The peak and the trough concentrations of zidovudine were 0.61 and 0.15 microgram per milliliter, respectively. We observed a marked accumulation of the main metabolite of zidovudine, G-AZT, with a concentration of about 65 micrograms per milliliter on day 14. The half-life was 2.9 hours. The hemodialysis clearance of zidovudine and its metabolite were 102 and 71 ml per minute, respectively. The half-life of zidovudine was three times longer in our patient than in a normal subject.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
[Possible protective role of calcium inhibitors in drug nephrotoxicity].
Many experimental studies have shown that calcium channel blockers could prevent drug-induced acute renal failure. In dog, nifedipine and verapamil prevent decreasing blood flow produced by contrast material. In rat, administration of verapamil has beneficial effects on gentamycin nephrotoxicity. Verapamil improves renal function in rats with acute renal failure due to cyclosporine. Calcium channel blockers have various effects on cisplatinum nephrotoxicity: in rat, nifedipine worsens nephrotoxicity; in man, verapamil prevents nephrotoxicity due to cisplatinum. In addition, nifedipine seems to improve renal function in transplanted patients treated with cyclosporine. In 2 control studies, we did not find any effect of diltiazem on prevention of renal toxicity due to methotrexate and cisplatinum. Calcium channel blockers could prevent nephrotoxicity by reducing calcium transfer across cell membranes and/or inhibiting the action of vasoconstrictive hormones.
Acute Kidney Injury↗
[Clinical evaluation of beta-adrenergic inhibitors based on records examined by the Committee for Marketing Authorization].
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Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
Monthly intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide therapy in Wegener's granulomatosis.
OBJECTIVE: To study the long term effects of monthly intravenous cyclophosphamide therapy in Wegener's granulomatosis. METHODS: Fourteen consecutive patients with active Wegener's granulomatos treated with a first-line combination of high-dose prednisone and monthly intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide were retrospectively studied. RESULTS: One patient died from septicemia complicating severe leukopenia after the first pulse. At 8 months after instituting intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide therapy, failure was observed in 6 other patients. Between month 16 and 18, 2 other patients relapsed when the time between 2 pulses was lengthened. Five patients developed cyclophosphamide-related side-effects: infection (n = 2), amenorrhea (n = 1), alopecia (n = 2) and vomiting (n = 2). Except for one fatal infection, no major side-effect of intravenous cyclophosphamide therapy was observed. At the end of the study, all patients were off intravenous cyclophosphamide therapy with more than 6 months of followup. The 6 responders were in remission on low-dose prednisone or without treatment. CONCLUSION: A combination of high-dose prednisone and intravenous cyclophosphamide may achieve long-term remission in 42% of patients with Wegener's granulomatosis. Responders to intravenous cyclophosphamide therapy had less extensive disease than non-responders.
Adolescent↗