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Biomedical subjects

A Bauman

Publications and source records attributed to A Bauman.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Do general practitioners promote health? A needs assessment.

A random sample of 5% of NSW general practitioners was surveyed in December 1986 regarding their attitudes to health promotion in clinical practice. The results were compared with those of simultaneous surveys of trainee general practitioners and fourth-year medical students. Smoking, alcohol and weight reduction were the health behaviours that were considered by general practitioners to be the most difficult to change. More general practitioners than did students or general-practitioner trainees reported finding less difficulty in changing health behaviours. More than three-quarters of the general practitioners were in favour of promoting health in their practices. A commonly reported barrier was the current Medicare financing arrangements for preventive practice. Other barriers included a lack of time for preventive practice. The complaint of a lack of training was expressed commonly; half the sample was willing to participate in advanced training in health promotion that would be organized by The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

A controlled evaluation of arthritis education.

The benefits of patient education for those with chronic arthritis are well documented. Informed patients should practice self care more often, and may show reduced disability from their disease. An important question relates to maintenance of the knowledge and skills acquired in educational programmes. This prospective study evaluated an education programme for people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA). The intervention group participated in a comprehensively planned six session behaviourally based programme. A questionnaire was given to 100 patients and 95 matched but non-random controls before the programme, 1 month later, and at 3 and 12 months. The intervention group demonstrated improvements in knowledge, self-reported health behaviour and disability scores at 12 months, compared to the controls. No differences were reported in symptoms, compliance with therapy, pain perception, and locus of control.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1989

Health promotion in general practice.

Health promotion is accepted as a desirable and increasingly necessary component of contemporary general practice. Discussion of health promotion in the family medicine setting has neglected to seek the views of General Practitioners. Their contact with patients places them in a unique position to observe the health promotion needs of their patients, and assign priorities to these. A sample of practitioners in the Eastern Sydney Area Health Service was interviewed to ascertain the major areas of preventive medicine needed by their patients. Information was also sought on the General Practitioners' use and views on health promotion services already available in the Eastern Sydney Area Health Service. General Practitioners were receptive to discussion of health promotion and disease prevention activities. Cardiovascular disease was clearly identified as the major area for preventative work for GPs. The large scope for health promotion in general practice ranged from women's health to parent effectiveness training. Although GPs generally viewed favourably the health promotion services provided by the ESAHS limitations on their use were cited.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1989

Self perceived standards of care in women's health. An illustrative case.

This article compares the reality of cervical cancer screening rates in general practice with doctors' self perceived standards of care. It also examines other aspects of women's health care as revealed in a random sample of New South Wales general practitioners. The implications for continuing medical education and quality assurance are discussed.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1988

Biochemical changes in rhesus monkey during the first days after streptozotocin administration are indicative of selective beta cell destruction.

Hormonal and glycemic changes in 22 rhesus monkeys were characterized during the first days after treatment with streptozotocin (STZ) (45 to 55 mg/kg, administered intravenously [IV]). Almost half (10/22) of the monkeys developed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (STZ-IDDM) within five days following injection. Four of the remaining monkeys did not become insulin dependent for at least 6 months after STZ treatment, during which time they were considered non-insulin-dependent, and eight monkeys never required exogenous insulin. In the STZ-IDDM group, plasma immunoreactive c-peptide (IRC-P) levels fell by three hours after STZ from a mean +/- SEM of 252 +/- 82 to 101 +/- 45 pg/mL, as glucose and immunoreactive glucagon (IRG) levels increased from 65 +/- 3 and 120 +/- 37, respectively, to 336 +/- 43 mg/dL and 234 +/- 52 pg/mL, respectively. Between six and 30 hours after treatment, IRC-P increased to a peak of 1,561 +/- 360 pg/mL before falling permanently to less than 60 pg/mL by 66 hours. During this period, glucose and IRG responded in a reciprocal fashion by falling and then increasing to levels above 300 mg/dL and 300 pg/mL, respectively, by 66 hours. In the non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (STZ-NIDDM) group, no clear reciprocal relationship between IRC-P and glucose and IRG was obtained. In nine additional monkeys subjected to total pancreatectomy (Px), IRC-P and IRG levels fell immediately and permanently by greater than 90% and 75%, respectively. Levels of immunoreactive somatostatin increased steadily over the initial 96 hours following STZ, but did so both STZ-IDDM and Px monkey groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The pathophysiology of experimental insulin-deficient diabetes in the monkey. Implications for pancreatic transplantation.

In an 11-year study of experimental insulin-deficient diabetes (IDDM) induced in rhesus monkeys by streptozotocin or total pancreatectomy, the authors have found that pathophysiologic changes occur in eye and kidney, which closely resemble the early stages of human insulin deficient diabetes mellitus (IDDM). In addition, morphologic changes of thickening of glomerular capillary basement membrane and expansion of mesangial matrix (by light microscopy) appear within 3 years of onset of hyperglycemia. However, progression to irreversible complications of advanced diabetic nephropathy or proliferative retinopathy, have not occurred. This animal model resembles human disease in that the animals tend to become ketotic unless maintained with exogenous insulin; C-peptide production is low to absent, and large amounts of glycosylated hemoglobin develop within a month of onset. The monkeys differ from humans in the absence of hypertension and hyperlipidemia. The authors suggest that the abnormalities in basement membrane form and function caused by hyperglycemia form the necessary background upon which other factors, such as hypertension and hyperlipidemia, then act to cause irreversible complications. The role of pancreatic transplantation is in prevention of these background changes.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Unilateral adrenal catecholamine excess. Pheochromocytoma or possible sporadic medullary hyperplasia.

A 60-year-old man had clinical and biochemical evidence of pheochromocytoma. Venous blood from the left adrenal gland had strikingly higher concentrations of l-norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine than that from the right adrenal gland. The patient's condition was cured following left adrenalectomy. Pathologic examination of the left adrenal gland did not reveal either pheochromocytoma or medullary hyperplasia but rather hemorrhagic degeneration of the medulla of an enlarged adrenal gland. Although only one adrenal gland was removed, Addison's disease developed.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗