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Biomedical subjects

A Bass

Publications and source records attributed to A Bass.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Cardiovascular changes after bilateral upper dorsal sympathectomy. Short- and long-term effects.

The effect of bilateral upper dorsal sympathectomy (UDS) on cardiac function was investigated in two groups of young healthy patients who underwent bilateral excision of T2 and T3 ganglia for palmar hyperhidrosis. In ten patients echocardiography of left ventricular function (LVF) was performed before operation and 2 weeks after operation. Electrocardiograms (ECG) were done before operation, during operation immediately after sectioning each sympathetic chain, and at 2 weeks after operation. The mean pulse rate decreased significantly in patients after they underwent bilateral UDS. There were no clinical arrhythmias or changes in LVF in any patient. Submaximal exercise testing and ECG tracings done at rest and after effort were obtained for 29 patients before undergoing bilateral UDS, 30 days after operation, and 1-3 more times within a 2-year postoperative period. Pulse rates taken at rest and after effort were significantly lower than those taken after operation, and the blood pressure response to exercise was blunted. ECG tracings showed a significant change in the electrical frontal plane axis and shortening of the QTc interval. These changes were evident 30 days after operation and persisted for 2 years. In conclusion, bilateral UDS has no overt arrhythmogenic effect in the young, healthy heart and its beta-blocker-like effect persists for at least 2 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty. A suggested method for analysis of clinical, arteriographic, and hemodynamic factors affecting the results of treatment.

Sixty-nine percutaneous transluminal angioplasties (PTAs) were performed in the iliac and the femoral arteries of 54 patients. The main factors that might affect the results were reviewed: associated diseases, severity of ischemic symptoms, location and type of lesions (stenosis or occlusion and their length), and presence of disease distal to the site dilated. The vascular status of the patients in our series was more severe than in most others. Improvement at follow-up (average 15 months) was maintained in 74% of 66 radiographically successful PTAs. Poor runoff was the only factor found to affect the outcome deleteriously. Intra-arterial pressure measurements performed during the procedure and vascular laboratory studies were most valuable in assessing immediate and long-term results. Wide variations in results of PTA published in the literature are due to differences in methods of selection, evaluation, and reporting. A plea is made for future presentations of PTA series in an analyzable and comparable way, including and correlating all relevant variables as in the model suggested by the present study.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Brachial artery injury. A complication of posterior elbow dislocation.

A case is presented of a 32-year-old man who sustained a closed posterior dislocation of the left elbow. The dislocation was reduced immediately under intravenous sedation. When, after reduction, the pulse remained weak, angiography revealed a complete tear of the brachial artery. The artery was repaired with end-to-end anastomosis, resulting in a good radial pulse at the end of the procedure. Though dislocation of the elbow is a relatively common traumatic injury, associated brachial artery injury is rare. The authors note that the diagnosis of arterial trauma in such cases should rely heavily on angiography.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Left renal vein division in abdominal aortic aneurysm operations. Effect on renal function.

We examined the effect of left renal vein (LRV) division during abdominal aortic aneurysm operations on renal function during the recovery period. Fifteen patients with LRV division were compared with 26 patients in whom the LRV was not ligated. These two groups of patients did not differ significantly in any of their preoperative characteristics, operative management, or postoperative complications. Preoperative, highest postoperative, and predischarge levels of plasma urea and creatinine, as well as urinary sediment, were compared in both groups. Left renal vein division could not be implicated as a cause of renal function deterioration and was found to be a safe, useful adjunct to abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Distribution and symmetry of arteriosclerotic lesions of the lower extremities: an arteriographic study of 200 limbs.

Lower-extremity arteriograms of 100 candidates for vascular surgery were reviewed. All the arteries in the 200 limbs were visualized and graded as normal, irregular, stenotic, or occluded. The occurrence of hemodynamically significant disease (stenosis or occlusion) was markedly different in various arteries: iliac--37%, common femoral--9%, superficial femoral--58%, deep femoral--19%, popliteal--17.5%, tibialis anterior--27.5%, tibialis posterior--28.5%, and peroneal--16.5%. A remarkable symmetry was observed between the two lower limbs. In 53-76% of contralateral vessels the arteriographic picture was identical. When one degree of difference in arteriosclerotic involvement was allowed, the symmetry increased to 80-96%.

Angiography↗
PubMed1985

Fractional cholesterol esterification rate and muscle cholesterol of healthy young men.

A group of fourteen healthy young male volunteers was examined to define more exactly the relations between lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase activity (LCAT), fractional cholesterol esterification rate (FER), total cholesterol (TC) and its free and esterified fractions (FC, CE) in skeletal muscles under physiological conditions. The mean values (+/- S.D.) of LCAT activity (95.4 +/- 16.3 mumol .1(-1) per hour), and FER (7.45 +/- 1.54% per hour) corresponded to published data on normolipidaemic healthy men of normal body weight. The mean value of TC in muscles was 332 +/- 83 micrograms per 100 mg of non-collagen protein, of which 14 +/- 7.4 per cent was formed by cholesterol esters. There was positive correlation between TC in muscles and age. Significant positive correlations between FER and the content of esterified cholesterol in muscles, and between FER and the proportion of esterified to total muscle cholesterol were found. These results suggest a close interrelation of cholesterol ester metabolism in the plasma and in slow pool tissues.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Lysosomal and energy enzyme activities in hypertrophied rat soleus muscle after denervation.

Muscle hypertrophy was induced in the soleus muscle of young rats by tenotomy of the gastrocnemius and plantaris muscles. Three and 7 days afterwards the sciatic nerve was sectioned. The loss of weight of muscles subjected to this combined procedure three days after denervation was 30-40%. Lysosomal enzyme activities (acid phosphatase, alpha-glucosidase, beta-galactosidase and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase) and energy enzyme activities (lactate dehydrogenase, LDH, triose-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, TPDH , D-hexokinase, HK and citrate synthase, CS) were determined 3 days after denervation, 3, 7 and 10 days after hypertrophy had been induced and 3 days after denervation of hypertrophying muscles on day 3 and 7. Normal non-operated rats of corresponding body weight served as controls and their enzyme activities were estimated on the same day. In the course of muscle hypertrophy, the 4 lysosomal enzyme activities increased progressively. Although 3 days' denervation of control muscles did not alter lysosomal enzyme activities, denervation of hypertrophying muscles greatly enhanced the activity of these enzymes. Enzymes of energy metabolism were affected to a lesser degree. The results suggest that denervation of hypertrophying muscles causes more extreme changes in muscle weight and lysosomal enzyme activities than denervation alone. The possible implications of this finding are discussed in relation to the rapid atrophy.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Hemorrhagic complications encountered on a surgical service. A 7 year survey.

An analysis of 205 episodes of bleeding encountered during a 7 year period by the staff of a surgical service has been described. Of 168 postoperative bleeding episodes, 80 were associated with anticoagulant or antiaggregant treatment, 51 were caused by technical error, and 37 were associated with sepsis. Of 18 hemorrhages after invasive procedures, 12 were associated with anticoagulants. In the whole series, in 33 of 111 episodes in patients receiving antithrombotic drugs, there was some deviation from standard accepted protocols. Bleeding occurred in the surgical wound or at the site of operation or puncture in 154 instances. Some of the bleeding episodes, especially at other sites, presented in an unusual manner and posed a diagnostic problem. Bleeding was responsible for death or contributed to death in 11 patients, and in 32 patients, it caused operation or reoperation. Other short- and long-term morbidity was also caused. As in many complications, prevention is of the essence.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The T4 surface antigen is involved in the induction of helper function.

The OKT4 monoclonal antibody reacts with a 62K m.w. glycoprotein present on a subset of human T cells with the capacity to help or induce B cell differentiation. The present studies were undertaken to determine whether the T4 molecule itself plays any role in the helper function mediated by T4+ cells. Using a series of monoclonal antibodies (OKT4, OKT4A-E), which react with distinct noncompeting epitopes of the T4 molecule, we found that OKT4A and OKT4E, but not OKT4, antibodies inhibited the induction of B cell differentiation by T4+ cells. This inhibition was apparent when using nonirradiated or irradiated T4+ cells, and was noted over a wide range of concentrations. Importantly, inhibition occurred only if the antibody was present during the first 24 hr of cell culture, and the presence of antibody did not alter the kinetics of induction of B cell differentiation. Thus, these data suggest that the T4 molecule plays an early, critical role in cellular interactions required for helper cell function.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗