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Biomedical subjects

A Ba

Publications and source records attributed to A Ba.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Supervision of body composition and cardiovascular parameters in long sprint running athletes (400 m)].

INTRODUCTION: The follow-up of performances and the prevention about possible incidents at the athletes make necessary the medical supervision in physical training. The aims of this study are to estimate the effect of a precompetition training program in athletes' body composition, and cardiovascular modifications (in clinical examination and electrocardiogram) MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten athletes (3 men and 7 women; mean age of 23.6 +/- 3.16 years) of Dakar international Athletics' Center are subjected to a training on a period of 2 months in aerobic dominant followed by a period of 3 months in anaerobic dominant. At the beginning and the end of training program, an electrocardiogram is recorded after blood pressure (BP) measure in lying and standing posture and heart rate (HR) take. The weight, height and cutaneous folds are measured to calculate the body fat percentage, fat body mass, fat-free mass and body mass index. Every athlete has performed the Ruffier test Comparisons are realized by the paired t-test, statistically significant for a p value < 0,05 RESULTS: Significant declines after training interest HR (79.2 +/- 14.7 vs 63.2 +/- 10.25 beat min(-1); p< 0.001), systolic BP in standing posture (11.8 +/- 0.44 vs 10.6 +/- 0.96 mmHg; p= 0.02), and Ruffier index (4.4 +/- 3.28 vs 2.23 +/- 1.62; p= 0.048) whereas the fat-free mass increased (53.14 +/- 8.41 vs 54.16 +/- 9.67 kg; p= 0.046). At the electrocardiogram, the number of athletes having sinusal bradycardia is crossed from 1 to 4; there is no modification as for the two cases of uncomplete right bundle-branch block and the pre-existent left ventricular hypertrophy. Negative T waves in V1 and V2 leads are present in one athlete before training and in two others after. CONCLUSION: The impact of the specific training on body is real, interesting more the cardiovascular system.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Epidemiological and clinical aspects of paediatric HIV infections in Albert-Royer Paediatric Hospital (Dakar, Senegal)].

UNLABELLED: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection prevalence rate is estimated at 1.4% in Senegal, and about 3,000 children could be infected. HIV positive children are followed up since 2000 in Albert Royer Hospital (Dakar, Senegal). OBJECTIVES: To describe clinical and epidemiological aspects of HIV paediatric infection, and to evaluate the implementation of high active antiretroviral therapy in HIV positive children in our country. POPULATION AND METHODS: Over a period of three years, the medical reports of 98 infected patients have been collected, 96% with HIV 1 infection. RESULTS: Most of the patients had a maternally transmitted HIV infection (99%). At their enrollment, the median age was 60 months; malnutrition (79%), persistent lymphadenopathy (65%) and skin lesions (64%) were the common clinical manifestations. Thirty-nine percent of the patients were in class C (CDC) and 81% had CD4 cell count< or =25%. Median viral load were 421,852 copies/ml at presentation. Seven infants had a rapid progressive disease with encephalopathy. Thirty-six patients received high active antiretroviral therapy with high observance and good tolerance. CONCLUSION: This study allowed to define clinical and biological profile of paediatric HIV infection in our country and to update the implementation of high active antiretroviral therapy.

Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active↗
PubMed2005

[Comparative study of the effect of fasting during Ramadan on the glycaemia at rest in sportsmen and sedentaries].

The fast of Ramadan submits body to transient metabolic modifications; and decrease of glycaemia can be one of results. Physical exercise modifies rate of plasmatic hormones responsible for its regulation. The purpose of this study is to appreciate the influence of the fast on this biologic parameter in sportsmen and sedentaries. Thirty (30) healthy subjects (15 sportsmen of stamina and 15 sedentaries), with 25 years of average age were recruited. They have all a comparable diet. We excluded subjects having practised a physical exercise the day of the test. Capillary glycaemia was measured after weighed and physical exam, in 2 periods: in second Ramadan's fortnight, 15 minutes before food intake, two (2) months after Ramadan at least 4 hours at distance of the last meal. Comparisons were remitted in the test of Student, significant for p value lower than 0.05. During Ramadan, the glycaemia of the sportsmen at rest, is at one exception always superior or equal to that of the sedentaries. However, there is non significant difference as much during the fast as in normal food intake. Respective averages are 4.6 mmol/l, 0.15 and 4.5 mmol/l, 0.01 during Ramadan. They cross then in 4.8 mmol/l, 0.2 and 4.8 mmol/l, 0.4 in normal food intake. Landmark, the comparison of the averages from period to the other one in every group shows a significant difference only for the sedentaries. The return to normal food intake was expressed by an important gain in weight for all subjects. The fast of Ramadan has no notorious influence on sportsman's glycaemia contrary to that of sedentary. In other words, the sportsman administers better his stocks of glucose. Previous works however strongly advised against sports practice during Ramadan and more particularly the competitions, because, exercises of strong intensity can induce dehydration.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Physical performance and thermoregulatory study of subjects with sickle cell trait during a sub-maximal exercise].

The sickle cell trait is a genetic abnormality of red blood cells. It is due to the mutation of a parental gene, which rest Its to the substitution of glutamic acid by valin on beta globin chain of haemoglobin. The possibility for sickle cell trait carriers (SCT) to present any disturbance during predominantly anaerobic and aerobic exercises is unclear. Ten (10) subjects with sickle cell trait and 10 subjects control were studied during exercise test on cycloergometer. They were all students of the National Institute of Popular Education and Sport of Dakar. The mean of environmental temperature was 26 degrees C and humidity was 60 to 80%. After haematological analysis, a submaximal muscular exercise for one hour with 75% of maximal heart rate was done. We have determined heart rate, blood pressure, rectal and skin temperature during exercise. Haematological parameters shown any significant difference between the two groups. No significant difference was found in cardiocirculatory variables during maximal exercise in cycloergometer between control group and sickle cell trait group. The two groups have done submaximal exercise during 1 hour without particular difficulty. We have not observed a significant difference between the two groups in cardiovascular variables, rectal and skin temperature during exercise, and after 3 minutes of rest. These results show that subjects with SCT have physical capacity comparable with control subjects during a sub maximal exercise for 1 hour. We can assure that subjects with SCT in our country may participate in sports competition, as well as normal subjects (HbAA).

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed2004

[Clinical study of cysts jawbones].

The objective of this study was to appreciate the clinical and paraclinical aspects of cysts jawbones. It was an exploratory study about 61 cases of jawbones cysts (24 men and 37 women). It took place in the Odontostomatology Department of the General Hospital of Grand Yoff at Dakar, during a period of 5 years (February 1996 to December 2000). The mean age of patients was 29.67 years with extremes of 14 and 55 years. The mean reason of consultating was an important perish-jawbone tumefaction which can be associated with dental displacements, mobilities or pains. The radiographic assessment was essential for the diagnosis. The radiological image was characterized by an osteolysis with regular contours. We have noted the invasive appearance of the osseous lysis which is developed in several teeth concerning 50 cases (81.97%). The anatomo-pathological exam which is essential to confirm the diagnosis has been possible only for 9 patients by lack of means. Thus, in our study the diagnosis of jawbones cyst was retained while being based primarily on clinical experience and the radiological assesment. The types of diagnosed cysts are: 53 perish-apical cysts (86.89%), 5 dentigerous cysts (08.20%), 2 globulo-jawbone cycts (03.28%), and only one case of paramount cyst. The jawbones cysts are often of aggressive development with various etiologies. They may be voluminous. Their diagnosis must be exact in order to allow an adapted surgical technics and to prevent the reccurence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[Effectiveness of syndromic approach for management of urethral discharge in Senegal].

The World Health Organization has proposed the syndromic approach for management of sexually transmissible diseases (STD) in countries where diagnostic laboratory tests are not consistently available. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of this approach for treatment of ureteral discharge in Senegal. Twenty seven men presenting ureteral discharge underwent two-week treatment using a combination of cotrimoxazole plus tetracycline for suspected gonococcal and a chlamydial infections. Ureteral samples were collected before and after treatment to detect Neisseria gonorrhoeae by culture and Chlamydia trachomatis by direct immunofluorescence and ELISA. Results demonstrated successful treatment of all patients presenting gonococcal and chlamydial infections i.e. 84.6% of cases. Neither germ was detected in 15.4% of cases. Before treatment, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis or both were found respectively in 53.9%, 5.1% and 25.6% of samples respectively. Based on these findings we conclude that the syndromic approach was effective in 84.6% of cases but treatment was in adequation with STD biologically documented only with 25.6% of cases.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2003

[Left atrial myxoma. Report of 2 cases operated in Senegal].

Cardiac tumours are rare and are dominated by left atrial myxoma. The authors report 2 cases of left atrial myxoma operated in the Cardiology department of Dakar (Senegal). Clinical signs were heart failure, cardiac sounds mimicking mitral valve disease and alteration of general state. The electrocardiogram showed sinus rhythm in 1 case and atrial flutter in the second case. The chest-x-ray show cardiac enlargement. Diagnosis was suggested by echocardiography and confirmed by anatomy. Evolution was favourable in one case and the other patient died.

Female↗
PubMed2002

[Subvalvular left ventricular aneurysm. Report of 2 cases].

The authors report both Senegalese's cases of subvalvular left ventricular aneurysm (SVLVA). The aim of the study was to describe the clinical and paraclinical aspects of this disease. Mitral regurgitation an heart failure were constant. Beyond cardiomegaly observed in both patients, one of them presented vaulting of the left ventricle. In the two cases, electrocardisgram showed sinus rhythm, and biology an inflammatory syndrome. One patient had also tuberculosis. Transthoracic echocardiography showed an aneurysm situated in a mitral subvalvular position, thrombosed in one case. Medical treatment with furosemid and digoxin has been administrated. One patient received also drugs against tuberculosis. Surgery of aneurysm had not been possible. During the evolution, we have observed persistence of heart failure in one patient. The other one died, probably after a cerebral embolism. Autopsy confirmed the echocardiographic aspects and integrity of myocardium and coronary arteries.

Child↗
PubMed2002

[Post myocardial infarction septal rupture. Report of 2 cases].

The authors report 2 cases of post myocardial infarction septal-rupture. There were one woman and one man aged respectively of 52 and 69 years. Risk factors were diabetes associated in one case with hypertension, and in the other case with tobacco addict. Both patients presented a ventricular septal defect murmur, and cardiac failure. Myocardial infarction (MI) was inaugural, semi-recent, and concemed interventricular septum or circumference of myocardium. Cardiac enzymes were high. Echocardiography showed a left ventricular apical aneurysm, and septal rupture. An abnormal blood flow pattern from left to right ventricle was visualized at Döppler. Medical treatment of Ml and cardiac failure were administrated. Surgery had not been possible. Both patients died respectively after 36 days and 4 days by cardiogenic shock.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

[Child asthma in Senegal: epidemiological and clinical features in hospitals].

This report is a retrospective study carried out from records of diseased of asthma, fallowed up in a paediatric national center of reference during the period from 1st of November 1987 to 31 st of august 1993. The goal was to describe the epidemiological and clinical factors linked to that affection in order to better contribute to improve its managment. For all the diseaseds of this report we notice and analysed the socio economical data, the promoting factors the occurring mode of the disease, the main clinical manifestations of the affection and their consequences. The morbid association and the data of the paraclinical exploration particularly the functional breathing exploration. Thus we noticed that the consultation in a specialized center occurs relatively late because of bad orientation of the deseaseds. In effect the mean age of diseaseds at the first consultation is 7.5 years while the disease begins in average at 3.5 years. By elsewhere we notice that 15% of these diseaseds live in an aggressive mesologic medium. With an atopy in 78.4% of the cases, loaded personal case history in 96.6% of the cases and that the releasing factors are not known for most of them (81.9%). Asthma in our diseaseds is not very frequent (77%) in general with a moderate intensity of crises (69%). However disturbances of physical activity are noted among 23% of the sample which corresponds nearly to the number of subjects with severe respiratory obstruction (25%). We quoted that there is an relation ship between the frequency of the cases the intensity of the crisis and the disturbances of physical activities of the diseaseds (x2:25.9, df = 2, p= 0,000002). Tacking count of all these factors may serve to set up a asthma prevention and treatment project in Senegal based on populations education and care providers training.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Clinical study of alveolites and their treatment in multiple practice].

The alvéolite is an post-extractionnel accident, very frequent, unforeseeable, characterized by a deterioration of the physiological process of formation of the clot and occurring as well at the healthy subject at the degenerate. The objective of this work is to make an exploratory study on the cases of alvéolites which have occurred in three structures of odontological care in Dakar between October 2000 and June 2001. We studied the clinical and therapeutic aspects alveolites among 55 patients having undergone 168 extractions. On the whole 68 cases of alveolites were indexed including 18 suppurées forms and 50 dry forms. The alveolite was occured among 44 women and 11 men and the section of age which most touched ranges between 20 and 29 ans (51 %). The evoked factors etiologic are multiples(taken oral contraceptives, use of vasoconstricteurs. technical of extraction etc?). The treatment is local by type of antiseptic paste and general with base of antibiotic, antiseptic and anti-inflammatory. We don't have real coding of the treatment. The prevention remains the best attitude and consists with: - To carry out the acte operational with a rigorous asepsis - To avoid the inopportune instrumental traumatisms - To Irrigate the bone in permnance during the utilisation of rotary instruments.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Pain in pediatric dentistry: etiology and management].

From January 1998 to January 1999, 458 files of 2 to 15 years old patients have been collected to indexthe different causes of pain in pediatric dentistry and to record the treatments applied to face that. It arises from this study that BAUME category II takes up from as far to the first place (77.7 %) followed by the category III (2.3) with a notable difference which nevertheless, can be explained by the transient nature of this category in the child. However, according to our study, pain abolition doesn't exclusively depend on drugs, some surgical procedures are indispensable. At the end of this study, it is to retain that, in spite of the importance typically dental pain, the problem of pain in pediatric dentistry must be approached in a entire sight.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Diagnosis and treatment of nonodontogenic epithelial cysts. Apropos of 14 cases collected from the Oral Surgery Service of the University Hospital Center of Fann].

Non odontogenic epithelial cyst, again called fissurary cyst, are dysembryophasic cyst of maxillary, they are born throughout the sutures line of faces. Their diagnosis is raising again association of clinic symptom, especially complementary examination and in particular dental vitality test. Their treatment is surgical. Around 14 cysts fissurary have been recorded in a seven-year period.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Permanent cardiac stimulation in Senegal: preliminary experience at the Cardiology Clinic of Dakar].

We report a prospective and descriptive study in 12 patients who had pacemaker implantation from may. 1996 and dec. 1997. Our patients benefited from complete clinical examination, ECG (12 derivations), standard laboratory tests, chest X ray. Pulsed-Doppler, two dimensional and TM echocardiography have been performed. Stimulation was achieved using endocardial lead introduced percutaneously. During the study, 12 patients over 22, representing 55% of the subjects with symptomatic conduction defects, had definitive pacemaker implantation. Mean age was 53.8 years +/- 18. Most of the patients lived in Dakar. Sex-ratio was 0.58 (7 males/5 females). Most of the patients (83%) had low socio-economical status. Before implantation mean heart rate was 47 bpm +/- 20.8. Mean blood pressure was 155 mmHg +/- 26.7 (systolic) and 71.6 +/- 20.8 mmHg (diastolic). Heart failure was present in 5 patients/12. Others symptoms were mainly syncope (83%). Mean cardiothoracic ratio was 0.56 +/- 0.09. Over a 14 months period we have implanted 7 double chamber stimulators (DDD) and 5 monochamber (VVI). Over a 210 days follow-up, main problems are infection of the pocket in 2 patients. In one of them culture was positive. In Senegal, it is necessary to develop cardiac stimulation. Pacemakers should be available for all patients with symptomatic conduction defects. A national center for electrophysiologic studies and pacemaker implantation is a priority.

Age Distribution↗
PubMed1999

[Incidence of postoperative pain in single session root canal therapy (study in black senegalese apropos of 96 cases)].

This prospective study was conducted during a period of 30 days in 96 patients to determine the incidence of postobturation pain after single-visit root canal treatment in black Senegalese people. The canals of all teeth were hand-prepared and filled with zinc-oxide-eugenol paste by a Lentulo spiral paste filler. Patients were asked to categorize their pain according to the following criteria: No pain, Slight pain, Moderate pain and Severe pain. The data were analysed statically with chi-square test to determine the relationship, if any, between the pain experienced and sex, age, tooth type, apical level of root filling and number of treatment performed in the single-visit. Results show that eighteen patients experienced pain (18.75%); our results are ranging between 10% and 25% described in the literature. No significant correlation was found between postobturation pain and any other factor with the exception of the apical length of canal filling. Characteristics of postobturation pain after root canal treatment performed in single-visit in Senegalese people presents the same features as described in international papers, that is, pain appears early and analgesic therapy is effective.

Black People↗