Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A B Rossier

Publications and source records attributed to A B Rossier.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Complete sensory and motor recovery from anterior spinal artery syndrome after sprain of the cervical spine. A case report.

A patient sustained C7-C8 incomplete myelopathy with dissociated sensory loss after a whiplash injury. Cervical radiograms showed no fracture or dislocation but separation of the C4-C5 and C5-C6 spinous processes and anterior tilting on C5 on C6 vertebral body only in the head-neck flexed position. Complete sensory and motor recovery occurred after neck immobilization. The patient's transient neurologic deficits were probably caused by vascular insufficiency of an anterior radicular artery at the C5-C6 intervertebral foramen.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Treatment of acute autonomic dysreflexia.

Chlorpromazine has proved useful in the control of sustained dysreflexia in patients with spinal cord injury. Sustained autonomic dysreflexia can be life threatening and may occur after dysfunctional urethrovesical activity or after urological operations, such as external sphincterotomy. Given by injection chlorpromazine reduced blood pressure safely and effectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Anterior spinal artery syndrome and its natural history.

The anterior spinal artery syndrome in three patients is described and from the literature 60 additional patients were collected. Motor recovery in the following groups of patients was noted: (1) Partial loss of motor function and pain sensation--70.4 per cent (19/27); (2) Complete motor loss but partial loss of pain--83.3 per cent (5/6); (3) Paresis but pain sensation absent--66.7 per cent (6/9); and (4) Absent motor function and pain--38.9 per cent (7/18). Motor recovery was also found to vary according to aetiology: (A) Unknown cause--92.9 per cent (13/14); (B) Post-infection or vaccination--88.9 per cent (8/9); (C) Anterior spinal artery occlusion--33.3 per cent (3/9); (D) Spinal cord angioma--20 per cent (2/10); and (E) Aortic lesion--20 per cent (1/5). Patients with sparing of motor function or pain sensation below the lesion do better than those without both functions. Neurological return also varies with the aetiology of the syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Two spinal cord lesions in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis and cervical spine injury.

A patient with ankylosing spondylitis sustained C3-C4 vertebral subluxation and C4-C5 myelopathy after a hyperextension trauma. Autopsy showed that several segments below the main cervical cord lesion at the fractured site, there was a second spinal cord lesion at the T1 vertebral level with no corresponding local bony or ligamentous damage. The thoracic cord lesion was probably secondary to traction of the upper thoracic cord, where the blood supply is poor, in a narrow and rigid spinal canal at the moment of extreme hyperextension.

Fractures, Bone↗
PubMed1982

Posttraumatic anterior spinal cord syndrome: pathological studies of two patients.

Two patients sustained acute anterior spinal cord injury associated with a posteriorly displaced bone fragment and herniated cervical disc. Postmortem examination of both spinal cords showed extensive destruction of the cord at the site of injury with sparing of the posterior portion of the dorsal columns; the anterior spinal artery was patent. We conclude that posttraumatic anterior spinal cord syndrome can be caused by damage to the anterior part of the cord without involvement of the anterior spinal artery.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Role of striated and smooth muscle components in the urethral pressure profile in traumatic neurogenic bladders: a neuropharmacological and urodynamic study. Preliminary report.

Urodynamic investigations with urethral pressure profile, and vesical, intrarectal and anal pressure recordings were performed in 37 patients with spinal cord lesions. The recordings were done before and after phentolamine injections and/or pudendal nerve blocks to evaluate the respective contribution of sympathetic and somatic innervation to the maximum urethral closure pressure in the mid and distal portions of the membranous urethra. A pressure gradient was demonstrated in the membranous urethra with higher values in the distal than in the mid portion. These results emphasize that the interrupted withdrawal technique is superior to the continuous technique in patients with upper motor neuron bladders. Mid urethral striated and smooth muscle components were shown to represent approximately 60 and 30 per cent of the maximum urethral closure pressure, respectively. In the distal urethra striated and smooth components are more abundant than in the mid portion and contribute in equal proportion to the maximum urethral closure pressure. No substantial role was found for the vascular bed in the maximum urethral closure pressure. The greatest pressure decrease in the mid and distal urethra of patients with lower motor neuron bladders was believed to be an effect of denervation supersensitivity. The results of pudendal blocks showed sphincter dyssynergia to be mediated through pudendal nerves via spinal reflex arcs. Phentolamine effects on bladder activity suggest that blockade of alpha-adrenergic receptors inhibits primarily the transmission in vesical and/or pelvic parasympathetic ganglia and acts secondarily through direct depression of the vesical smooth muscle. Our neuropharmacological results raise strong doubts as to the existence of a sympathetic innervation of the striated urethral muscle in humans.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1982

Post-traumatic spinal epidural hematoma.

Five patients with vertebral fracture and spinal epidural hematoma (SEH) are described. Another 58-year-old man developed a post-traumatic SEH without bony damage. From the literature, 38 patients (31 male, 4 female, and 3 unknown) were collected. Ankylosing spondylitis or rheumatoid arthritis was noted in 9 of 12 subjects between 50 and 75 years of age. Two groups of patients were identified: Group 1--16 patients with spinal fracture (aged 23 to 63 years), and Group 2--22 patients without spinal fracture (the age was less than 18 years in 12 subjects). In Group 2, a coagulation defect or spinal epidural vascular malformation resulted in a SEH in 6 patients. The preoperative myelopathy was complete in 3 patients each from Group 1 (23.1%) and Group 2 (16.7%). Of the 31 patients operated upon, 9 of the 13 from Group 1 (69.3%) and 6 of the 18 from Group 2 (33.3%) underwent laminectomy within 1 week after the onset of symptoms. Postoperative neurological return was observed in 38.5% (5 of 13) and 88.9% (16 of 18) of these two groups of patients, respectively. Post-traumatic SEHs, predominant in the male population, are often associated with vertebral disease in elderly patients. In the very young patient, there is usually no fracture/dislocation of the spine. A predisposing lesion may be present when spinal fracture is not evident. The prognosis after surgical intervention is better in patients without spinal fracture than in those with vertebral damage, probably because of less contusion to the spinal cord and the presence of very young subjects in the former group of patients.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1981

Preoperative neurological status in predicting surgical outcome of spinal epidural hematomas.

The postoperative progress of 3 patients with spinal epidural hemorrhage, but without spinal fracture or dislocation, is presented. From the literature, 158 cases were collected of spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma treated surgically. Postoperative return of motor function was noted in 95.3%, 87%, and 45.3% of the patients with incomplete sensorimotor, incomplete sensory but complete motor, and complete sensorimotor lesions, respectively. Complete sensorimotor recovery occurred in 41.9%, 26.1%, and 11.3% of these 3 groups of patients, respectively. Recovery following surgical treatment depends on the severity of neurological deficits before treatment. However, the absence of motor or sensorimotor functions preoperatively does not necessarily indicate a poor prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Post-traumatic acute anterior spinal cord syndrome.

Thirteen patients with motor complete but sensory incomplete lesions following vertebral and spinal cord injuries are described. Sensory dissociation was present with more impairment of pain than touch or proprioception. The loss of pain sensation was complete in seven patients, but was incomplete in the other six subjects four of whom showed major motor recovery. The major point of interest of this study is to show that patients who retain not only touch but also pain sensation have a definitely better prognosis for neurological recovery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Paraplegia following surgery in Foix and Alajouanine syndrome. (Arteriovenous malformation of the spinal cord).

Two patients with spinal cord arteriovenous malformation became paraplegic after removal of the abnormal vessels from the dorsal surface of the thoracolumbar spinal cord. Surgical exposure of a spinal cord arteriovenous malformation without an attempt at removal accelerated the pace of progressive paraparesis in two other patients. The poor outcome of our cases is, however, not representative of modern surgical techniques, since selective spinal angiography and the operating microscope were not used. We propose that the intramedullary vascular changes in this condition are an integral component of the arteriovenous malformation. Additionally, the phenomenon of nocturnal seminal ejaculation in spite of progressing impotence may be a clinical feature unique to spinal cord arteriovenous malformations.

Adult↗