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Biomedical subjects

A B Hamoudi

Publications and source records attributed to A B Hamoudi.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Acetylthiocholinesterase staining activity of rectal mucosa. Its use in the diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease.

Increased acetylthiocholinesterase (AchE) reactivity in the rectal lamina propria and lamina muscularis mucosae was used to diagnose Hirschsprung's disease. We processed 131 specimens with the AchE reaction; 43 were suction biopsy specimens and the rest were full-thickness specimens. Of the 68 specimens in which neurocytes were present, none demonstrated a diffuse increase in the number of nerve fibers. However, 15 showed focal increases in the numbers of fibers that were not large enough to be regarded as indicative of Hirschsprung's disease. All patients with a diffuse increase in nerve fibers, regardless of the type of biopsy, were shown to have Hirschsprung's disease. The AchE staining reaction did, however, produce a 29% rate of false-negative reactions (16 of 56 specimens) in patients with Hirschsprung's disease. These data demonstrate that an abnormal pattern of AchE reaction is diagnostic of aganglionic megacolon, whereas a normal pattern does not exclude the disease.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1981

Fatal group B streptococcal pneumonia in neonates. Effects of antibiotics.

Prophylactic penicillin has been suggested to prevent neonatal group B streptococcal infections (GBS). However, there is a concern that the antibiotics may conceal significant bacteremia if post-treatment blood cultures were used to recover the etiologic agent. To clarify this point, the autopsy records of 111 cases of fatal neonatal pneumonias is infants less than one week of age for the period 1974-1978 were reviewed. Nineteen documented cases of group B streptococcal infections were uncovered. Review of antibiotic therapy in these infants indicate that such therapy can indeed conceal the etiologic agent of pneumonia if one uses post treatment blood (or other normally sterile body fluids) cultures as the basis of diagnosis. On the other hand, review of 41 cases with morphologic evidence of pneumonia and no identifiable etiologic agent reveal that the majority of these were referral cases from outlying hospitals who received antibiotics prior to any diagnostic work-up.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1978

Partial splenectomy in staging laparotomy for Hodgkin's disease: an alternative approach.

Partial splenectomy, with resection of the lower one-fourth to one-third spleen, was performed in 10 children with Hodgkin's disease as part of an otherwise standard staging laparotomy. The technique proved to be safe and practical, with no postoperative complications. No evidence to date indicates that splenic involvement was missed, and all the children have thus far continued to do well, with no deaths from either underlying disease or postsplenectomy sepsis. The procedure is undergoing a prospective clinical trial in an effort to determine whether or not it is comparable from a diagnostic point of view to total splenectomy. Available data indicate that the risk of missing intraabdominal disease in a staging laparotomy with a partial splenectomy is quite low. Such a procedure should eliminate the substantial risk of postsplenectomy sepsis in such children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Malignant thymic tumor in an infant (malignant histiocytoma).

A 2-month-old infant was diagnosed as having an invasive thymic tumor. Histologically and ultrastructurally, the tumor was composed of primitive mesenchymal cells, most likely malignant histiocytes. The child died at the age of 5 1/2 months with metastases to the bone and and liver. Review of the literature on thymic tumors and fibrous histiocytomas or malignant histiocytoma shows no similar case.

Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous↗
PubMed1975

Multiple lymphangioendothelioma of the spleen in a 13-year-old girl.

A 13-year-old girl had a history of an upper-quadrant abdominal mass for about six months. On exploratory laparotomy, multiple discrete large nodules were seen in the spleen. Histologically, the spleen had the unusual appearance of lymphangioma, in that there was a tremendous proliferatiion of endothelial cells that formed either papillary projections in the lumina of the cavernous lymphatic vessels or a solid mass of cells without the lumina. The changes were suggestive of sarcomatous transformation, but the evidence was not conclusive. A term "lymphangioendothelioma" is proposed for this multinodular tumor.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Early history of pathology studies by the Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study Group.

This review chronicles the series of publications that were the result of the willingness of pathologists and clinicians in the United States to share their pathologic materials and clinical data on patients who were placed on treatment protocols for rhabdomyosarcoma and related tumors over an extended period of time. The availability of this database enabled pathologists and clinicians to study a tumor type that is rare in individual institutions, but occurs in large enough numbers to produce valid conclusions not otherwise possible. Furthermore, young investigators were challenged by this opportunity and were able to spend the necessary time to make new observations that, in retrospect, helped direct protocol designs that produced significant improvement in patient survival. The key factor in this process is the surrender of individual scientific prerogatives to a small number of investigators. It is also important to recognize that the pathologist component of these series of contributions is only a part of the entire effort. It takes an organization of gifted, dedicated experts in many disciplines working together. The investigators who served on the Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Group over a 25-year period eminently fulfilled this.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Epithelioid sarcoma in childhood: An immunohistochemical, electron microscopic, and clinicopathologic study of 11 cases under 15 years of age and review of the literature.

Epithelioid sarcoma in a rare tumor and most of the cases occur in young adults. It is rare in childhood. We have been able to obtain data and histologic material for 11 patients with this disease. The primary sites were head and neck in three patients, inguinal region in one, and extremities in seven. The age range of the patients was 12 weeks to 13 years. There was a preponderance of males over females with a ratio of 1.75. The tumors presented with a typical nodular necrotizing pattern. In three cases giant osteoclast-like cells were present. The immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy showed features consistent with previous observations on epithelioid sarcomas. In one case islands of small dark cells noted on light microscopy were surrounded by basal lamina on electron microscopy. The cells inside the nests were undifferentiated. Six tumors studied by flow cytometry were in DNA diploid range. On follow-up, five children are alive and well 2 to 7 years after treatment. Three children died of tumor progression with metastases to lymph nodes and lungs. One child had been diagnosed only recently, and in one the disease has run a protractive course with multiple recurrences. The behavior of these epithelioid sarcomas in children is similar to that seen in adults, the prognosis being dependent on radical tumor surgery preventing recurrent disease. Long-term follow-up is necessary because the tumor may recur many years after the primary tumor was removed.

Adolescent↗