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Biomedical subjects

A Ayala

Publications and source records attributed to A Ayala.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Experimental percutaneous renal embolization using BCG-saturated gelfoam.

Adult mongrel dogs (20-25 kg) were used to evaluate the administration of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) in conjunction with total renal embolization for possible application in the management of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Kidneys were surgically removed at 1, 2, and 3 weeks postembolization, examined grossly and microscopically, and then compared with kidneys embolized in the same manner without BCG. The procedure stimulated the reticuloendothelial system more than did renal embolization alone, and although a high dose (6 X 10(8) organisms) of BCG was administered, no complications were encountered. These results warrant a clinical trial of this technique in patients with advanced RCC.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

Preoperative chemotherapy for Wilms tumor.

Preoperative chemotherapy was administered to 19 children with Wilms tumor judged clinically to be unresectable at M. D. Anderson Hospital between January 1, 1962, and September 1, 1980. After 2 to 4 doses of vincristine, marked reduction in tumor size occurred in 16 patients. After chemotherapy 16 tumors could be resected completely, another required irradiation to reduce the tumor, and only 2 tumors could not be excised. Pathologically the most dramatic changes occurred in the undifferentiated interstitial stroma, followed next by changes in the nodular blastema. Differentiated elements were apparently not affected. No serious complications were attributed to the preoperative drug treatment. This experience suggests that in selected instances preoperative chemotherapy can affectively facilitate the therapy of Wilms tumor.

Child↗
PubMed1981

Intraarterial cis-platinum for patients with inoperable skeletal tumors.

Twenty-three patients with inoperable skeletal tumors were treated with intraarterial cis-platinum prior to attempted surgery. The antitumor effect of intraarterial cis-platinum was monitored clinically by radiologic imaging techniques, and whenever possible, evaluated histopathologically by examinatin of surgical or biopsy tumor specimens. Objective responses were noted in 12 patients (52%) and included 2 complete, 7 partial and 3 less-than-partial remissions lasting from 14 to 70 weeks. Limb-saving surgery or hemipelvectomy became subsequently feasible in four and one patients respectively. Preoperative intraarterial cis-platinum is a safe procedure which might be used effectively in combination with other, more conventioal postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy against skeletal tumors.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1981

Embolization of renal carcinoma.

Preoperative transcatheter embolization of a renal neoplasm is helpful to the urologist, especially with large, hypervascular tumors. When combined with nephrectomy and hormonal therapy, it offers promise in the management of patients with renal carcinoma. Delay between embolization and nephrectomy seems to be important, but the optimal time for stimulating a therapeutic response has not been established. Among 49 patients in this series with known metastases, occlusion of the renal artery followed 4 to 7 days later by nephrectomy and hormonal therapy changed the course of the disease, producing a 36% response rate.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Mixed mesodermal tumors of urinary bladder: prognosis and management.

Three cases of mixed mesodermal tumors of the urinary bladder characterized by the simultaneous occurrence of malignant epithelial and mesenchymal elements in the same tumor are reported. Integrated therapy consisting of preoperative radiotherapy followed by radical cystectomy is recommended. Chemotherapy is best withheld until the nature of any metastatic disease has been confirmed histologically in order that the appropriate drugs can be administered.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Appendiceal carcinoma mimicking primary bladder cancer.

We report the first case of adenocarcinoma of the appendix invading the bladder. Because invasive bladder cancer was diagnosed intially the pelvis was irradiated preoperatively. At operation a primary appendiceal neoplasm invading the bladder was discovered and a right hemicolectomy and en block partial cystectomy were done. This treatment is recommended for appendiceal adenocarcinoma that invades the bladder.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1979

Rhabdomyosarcoma of the temporal bone. Is surgical resection necessary?

Three patients had embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the temporal bone. Their clinical appearances demonstrated the following characteristics: (1) symptoms of an acute process in the middle ear cleft and mastoid, (2) a rapidly growing polypoid mass that was visible in the middle ear and external auditory canal, and (3) seventh nerve involvement and destruction of bone. Definitive treatment with the use of systemic chemotherapy and radiation therapy to the invaded structures was followed by maintenance chemotherapy for up to 24 months. Surgical treatment was sufficient to obtain adequate biopsy material. All patients recovered variable degrees of motor nerve functions. One patient experienced a meningococcal meningitis years after treatment; this condition resulted in total deafness. The results suggest that multiple-drug chemotherapy and radiation therapy for all involved areas are the mainstay of treatment for this disease entity.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1979

Premature ovarian failure and hypothyroidism associated with sicca syndrome.

Two cases of premature ovarian failure, hypothyroidism, and sicca syndrome are described. To our knowledge, this association of sicca syndrome and multiglandular deficiency has not been previously reported. The finding of specific organ antibodies, as well as antibodies to nonorgan antigens in the 2 cases studied, supports the hypothesis that these rare clinical conditions may share a common autoimmune pathogenesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Chemoimmunotherapy of sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma.

Sarcomatoid renal adenocarcinomas are rare, invariably fatal tumors. There is only one report of treatment of this tumor with chemotherapy. We report a case of an advanced sarcomatoid renal adenocarcinoma treated with chemoimmunotherapy consisting of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, Adriamycin (doxorubicin), DTIC, BCG, and sarcoma viral oncolysate. The patient had an objective response with a marked reduction in the size of the tumor mass. The residual tumor was removed surgically, and the patient remains in complete remission two years after the diagnosis was made.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1978

Regional lymph nodes in infants with embryonal carcinoma of testis.

Clinical and pathologic material from 16 infants with embryonal carcinoma of the testis was reviewed specifically as to the route of metastatic spread and the findings obtained from retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy. Hematogenous metastases were noted in 3 patients (19 per cent) and lymphatic metastases were observed in 2 patients (13 per cent). In 12 patients in whom disease was clinically limited to the testis retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy was negative, although a review of the literature suggests that unsuspected metastases might be expected in 6 per cent of such patients. The 2 patients who had lymph node metastases had large, clinically evident but unresectable retroperitoneal lymph node masses. The low yield of retroperitoneal metastases in early disease makes lymphadenectomy suspect as a primary staging or treatment procedure, but the occasional patient presenting with retroperitoneal disease requires that the procedure not be abandoned at this time.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1977

Treatment of multiple superficial tumors of bladder with intravesical bleomycin.

Twenty-six patients with superficial Stage O or A transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder, whose lesions were not amenable to transurethral resection, received bleomycin sulfate intravesically at weekly intervals for eight treatments. Five different drug regimens were tried, and the optimal concentration appeared to be 60 units dissolved in 30 cc. of sterile water. Serum determinations failed to reveal any significant absorption. There was a 27% complete response rate in patients with small tumor burdens. An additional 9% had partial responses which allowed the tumors to be readily managed transurethrally. However, no patients with extensive superficial tumor showed complete response to therapy. Although belomycin used intravesically is active against transitional cell carcinoma, the current cost of the drug precludes its routine use and restricts it to situations in which other agents are contraindicated.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Anterior pituitary function during early neonatal period.

Anterior pituitary responsiveness to parturition was studied in 28 normal newborn infants. Cord blood sera samples were obtained for measurement of TSH, HGH, PRL, and FSH at birth and at intervals during four hours. The neonate infant's pituitary response to parturition consists of both PRL and TSH increments, which is probably mediated by an increase in TRH release.

Fetal Blood↗
PubMed1976

Triple X female and Turner's syndrome offspring.

A mentally retarded young female having 47 chromosomes with a triple X karotype produced a child with Turner's syndrome associated with mental defeciency. To our knowledge this is the first example of a triple X female giving birth to a child with Turner's syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Long-acting luteinizing homone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) analogs in the treatment of female infertility.

Induction of ovulation in 20 infertile women was attempted by the use of two synthetic analogs of LH-RH, D-ALA6-Des-Gly10-ethylamide and D-Leu6-Des-Gly10-ethylamide. Ovulation was obtained in five out of the 16 in whom D-Leu6-Des-Gly10-LH-RH ethylamide was administered intramuscularly. Two of the five women received the LH-RH analog additioned of polysaturated gelatines as carrier medium. None of these women got pregnant. It is concluded that better therapeutic results might be expected when a suitable LH-RH vehicle allowing a gradual release of LH-RH analog is obtained.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Secretion of prolactin in normal anencephalic newborn infants].

Serum prolactin (PRL) was measured by radioimmunoassay in pregnant women at term and in newborns. In 38 newborns of gestational age 39--40 weeks, concentration of PRL in umbilical venous blood was 280.8 +/- 11.2 ng/ml; in maternal venous blood, concentration of PRL was 347.0 +/- 20.1 ng/ml. In the newborn it was found a significant difference in PRL values between both sexes (p less than 0.05), being higher in males than in females (290.0 +/- 14.6 vs. 260.0 +/- 17.1 ng/ml). In three anencephalic infants, PRL ranged from 92.6 to 369.0 ng/ml; 400 mug of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) administered as bolus injection evoked a rise in PRL in two out of the three, while synthetic luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LH-RH) elicited no response of FSH secretion. These observations in the fetus and anencephalic infants confirm that the fetus produces high levels of PRL and that this function is independent of any hypothalamic control. The high levels of gestational estrogens seem to be the direct stimulus on the lactotropes to induce synthesis and secretion of PRL. The role of PRL during gestation has not been elucidated.

Anencephaly↗
PubMed1975

Increased and prolonged LH-RH/FSH-RH activity of synthetic (D-Ala6, Des-Gly-NH210)-LH-RH-ethylamide in normal women.

A synthetic LH-RH analogue (D-Ala6, Des-Gly-NH210)-LH-RH ethylamide exhibited an increased and prolonged LH-RH/FSH-RH activity in normal women. The integrated amounts of LH and FSH levels for this LH-RH analogue were about nine and five times greater than for the same doses of synthetic LH-RH. It is expected that this synthetic LH-RH analogue might yield more positive results than with LH-RH when used in infertility problems.

Adolescent↗