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Biomedical subjects

A Autret

Publications and source records attributed to A Autret.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

The influence of vigilance states on paroxysmal EEG activities and clinical seizures in children.

We studied the relationships between clinical variables and those related to the states of vigilance in 18 cases of benign partial epilepsy with centro-temporal spike-waves, 22 cases of definite symptomatic partial epilepsy, and 16 cases of undetermined partial epilepsy. The time of day during which the seizures appeared and the paroxysmal activity densities during non-REM and REM sleep are not distributed differently among the 3 electro-clinical types. However, the benign epilepsy with centro-temporal spikes group had more patients with sleep-sensitive paroxysmal activities. Patients who mainly had nocturnal seizures were found to have more frequent generalized seizures and a greater sleep-sensitive paroxysmal activity. Three cases demonstrated continuous spike-waves during sleep. The patients who had little or no paroxysmal activity during sleep were the youngest. This study illustrates that sleep-sensitive seizures and paroxysmal activities are not specific to benign childhood epilepsy with centro-temporal spikes, and that seizures and paroxysmal activities are two manifestations associated with epilepsy, affected in different ways by states of vigilance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Influence of lateralized sensorimotor and neuropsychological activities on electroencephalographic spectral power.

In order to test the effect of 'lateralized' sensorimotor and neuropsychological activities on EEG spectral power (P), we recorded EEGs over the right and left central regions with 3 different derivations C5P3/C6P4, C5Cz/C6Cz, and C5 ears-linked (EL)/C6EL in 14 young, right-handed men who underwent ten 2 min sequences including 4 during rest (3 with eyes closed (EC), 1 with eyes open (EO], and 6 during tasks reputed to involve preferentially the left (Le) or the right (Ri) hemisphere, i.e., pure left and pure right motor activity of the hand (EC), pure neuropsychological tasks consisting in lexical followed by spatial form analysis and finally mixed (neuropsychological and motor) EC tasks consisting in writing followed by left hand object recognition. Three spectral parameters P, log P and asymmetry index AI = (P Ri-P Le)/(P Ri + P Le) were calculated in 5 frequency bands theta, alpha 1, alpha 2, alpha 3 and beta 1. We observed a relationship between task complexity and P reduction on both hemispheres which was greater during rest, less during motor activity and least during mixed motor and neuropsychological activities; during EC activities more specifically involving the left hemisphere, only the comparison between rest and mixed sequences was significant. During EC activities involving the right hemisphere, both motor and mixed sequences were significantly different from rest sequences. In addition, during the EO sequences, P was usually greater than during rest. As compared to rest conditions, the AI increased during sequences preferentially involving the left hemisphere and decreased during preferentially right hemisphere activities.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Spectral analysis of the EEG (alpha rhythm) and activity in the left hemisphere: the effects of lateral gaze.

This study tests the effect of maintaining right and left lateral gaze during a writing task which preferentially implicates the left hemisphere using an asymmetry parameter calculated from the spectral power of the alpha rhythm (RP-LP/RP + LP) in a right-handed patient undergoing the same experimental regimen nine times. A six derivation EEG was recorded. Maintaining left lateral gaze (toward the active hemisphere) removes the lateralization found during writing while staring straight ahead whereas maintaining right lateral gaze (toward the side opposite the active hemisphere) results in slightly lower values which are however, not significantly different from those obtained during staring straight ahead. This study adds an electrophysiologic aspect to Kinsbournes's paradigm on gaze position and hemispheric activation.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Are frequent spike-waves during non-REM sleep in relation with an acquired neuro-psychological deficit in epileptic children?

In a population of 11 children with frequent spike waves during non REM sleep who had no neurological symptoms between birth and their first symptom, 3 groups were compared according to their neuropsychological performances. In the first group, the children had no intellectual deficit, in the second group, they had an acquired aphasia as in the Landau-Kleffner syndrome and in the third they had severe behavioural disorder and mental deterioration. The non REM sleep paroxysmic activity density tended to be highest in the third group, variable in the second group and moderate in the first group, and their topography was always generalized in the acute phase in groups II and III but asymmetrical in group I. The EEG anomalies disappeared during adolescence but in group II and III children a moderate to severe delay in school work persisted.

Aphasia↗
PubMed1990

Cicletanine and hypertensive retinopathy.

The aim of the present work was to study the activity of a new antihypertensive drug, a synthetic furopyridine, cicletanine, upon hypertensive morphological lesions of the retina. The stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat strain (SHR-SP), known to develop hypertensive retinopathy, was a particularly suitable material in this view. The experiment was carried out in 39 rats (SHR-SP/A3N Iffa Credo), initially at the age of 11 weeks, divided into 3 groups: one as control group, the other two treated orally with 100 and 150 mg/kg cicletanine, respectively. All rats had free access to tap water containing 1% NaCl. For 46 days, blood pressure, body weight and death rate were recorded, then the rats were sacrificed. The eyes were removed, the posterior pole collected and fixed with Trump's liquid for transmission electron microscopy. In the control group, the capillaries showed marked hypertensive lesions. Multivesicular bodies were found in the different layers, particularly in the innermost layers; photoreceptor impairments could also be observed. In contrast to this group, both cicletanine-treated groups showed only rare and minimal lesions.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

Cerebellar hemangioblastoma and primary hyperparathyroidism.

The authors report the case of a 52-year-old woman presenting with cerebellar hemangioblastoma and primary hyperparathyroidism. It is the second reported case involving this new association. The relationship between these two tumors is discussed.

Cerebellar Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

The effect of cicletanine on cerebrovascular injury in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats.

The stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR-SP) is one of the most suitable models for stroke study. The present trial work was undertaken so as to obtain further information concerning the action of a new furopyridine, cicletanine. Forty-six males--SHR-SP/Iffa Credo rats--aged 7 weeks, were divided into three groups. Group 1 was a control group, groups 2 and 3 were orally treated with cicletanine at 30 and 100 mg/kg. Their drinking water contained 1% NaCl. Systolic blood pressure, body weight, and survival were recorded. After 6 weeks, all the rats were sacrificed. Samples of heart, brain, and kidney were fixed for light and ultrastructural examination. We found that cicletanine treatment (30 and 100 mg/kg) had significantly inhibited the incidence of hypertensive cerebral damages as characterized by cerebral infarction and vascular alterations with fibrinoid necrosis. Compared with the control group, the rats treated with the cicletanine had a significantly increased survival rate (P less than .001); the cicletanine also had an important protective effect on tissue. Cicletanine administration prevented the development of hypertensive cerebral vascular damage, probably through direct action on the vascular walls.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Chronic subdural hematoma presenting as ataxic hemiparesis.

A 57-year-old man was admitted for a typical left ataxic hemiparesis syndrome. He presented no vascular risk factor, with normal blood pressure. CT scan showed a frontoparietal right subdural hematoma. After surgery, the symptomatology disappeared completely. This observation reveals that subdural hematoma must be considered as a possible etiology of ataxic hemiparesis syndrome. The physiopathology is discussed.

Ataxia↗
PubMed1989

Chronic cervical radiation myelopathy diagnosed by MRI.

We report a case of chronic cervical myelopathy which developed after radiotherapy for differentiated carcinoma of the buccal cavity. The myelopathy was diagnosed by the finding of severe cervical cord atrophy at MRI.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

A syndrome of REM and non-REM sleep reduction and lateral gaze paresis after medial tegmental pontine stroke. Computed tomographic scans and anatomical correlations in four patients.

A common pattern of reduction in both rapid eye movement and non-rapid eye movement sleep associated with various lateral gaze paralyses was present in four cases of brain-stem stroke. From computed tomographic scan data, clinical inferences, and, in two cases, neuropathologic sections, the common lesions were localized in the medial pontine tegmentum, ie, the inner part of the gigantocellular and pontis centralis caudalis nuclei. These data in humans were compared with lesions obtained experimentally in cats.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Stroke risk in patients with carotid stenosis.

In 242 neurologically symptomless patients with at least one non-occlusive carotid stenosis on ultrasonography (continuous wave doppler and echotomography-B mode imaging) 171 carotids showed 0-50% stenosis, 150 showed 50-75% stenosis, and 78 showed more than 75% stenosis. The mean follow-up was 29.4 months, with stroke and death as end points. Of the 56 deaths 2 were causally linked to a stroke (crude annual mortality index 9.57%). Of the 10 strokes 7 were judged to be infarctions in carotid territory. 7 out of 20 patients with transient ischaemic attacks (TIA) had ischaemic symptoms definitely related to carotid territory. The crude annual indices of specific stroke or TIA were 0.45% for nonstenotic carotid, 0.23% for 0-50% stenosis, 2.48% for 50-75% stenosis, and 1.71% for 75-99% stenosis. Stenoses of greater than 50% were associated with more ischaemic events than were lesser degrees of narrowing (p less than 0.01).

Aged↗