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Biomedical subjects

A Aslan

Publications and source records attributed to A Aslan.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Comparison of microsuturing to the use of tissue adhesives in anastomosing sciatic nerve cuts in rats.

The purpose of this study was to investigate and to compare the effects of microsuturing to that of tissue adhesives (Tisseel) on the healing of anastomosing peripheral nerve incisions. Forty-five Wistar-Albino rats were placed in special cages and separated into three groups (n = 15). In the control group, biliteral sciatic nerves were explored but no incision was made. In the first experimental group, bilateral sciatic nerves were incised and end-to-end anastomosing was performed by microsuturing the epineurium. In the second experimental group, tissue adhesive (Tisseel) was used alone in anastomosing the sciatic nerve cuts. Assessments of the healing processes were demonstrated by 1.electromyography (EMG), 2. measuring the electrical responses of the anastomosed nerves after electrical stimuli, 3. histopathological examination. Statistical analysis of the EMG findings showed that the Tisseel group was the closest in the healing process to the control group. After applying electrical stimuli to the dissected nerves, the resistance value of the Tisseel group was nearest to those of the control group. The histopathological examinations showed highly degenerative nerve bundles and prominent foreign body granuloma at the anastomosed sites of the microsutured group. The granulomatous inflammation was observed to be much less in the Tisseel group. We conclude that the healing effect of Tisseel was found to be superior to that of microsuturing as demonstrated by the findings of EMG, electrical responses of the anastomosed nerves, and histopathological examination.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1997

A case of thoraco-omphalo-ischiopagus bipus conjoined twins.

A case of thoraco-omphalo-ischiopagus bipus conjoined twins is reported. The twins shared a common lower chest and abdominal wall, a single pelvis and two lower extremities. Our initial approach was to determine the detailed anatomy of the viscera and then to outline a surgical plan. However, the twins' general condition gradually deteriorated, and the approach was not completely realized despite maximal supportive therapy for cardiorespiratory failure. After the death of the twins, it was detected that they had a single pericardial cavity, and shared an abdominal aorta and vena cava. Furthermore the right twin had Bochdalek hernia and left ventricular hypoplasia. Consequently, such cardiovascular pathologies, coupled with major additional anomalies, may threaten the twins' life. Therefore further management plans are required considering urgent surgical correction of the life-threatening anomalies before the definitive procedure.

Humans↗
PubMed1997

Mastoidectomy in noncholesteatomatous chronic suppurative otitis media: is it necessary?

Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) without cholesteatoma, the surgical treatment of which is still controversial, is a common diagnosis in otologic practice. A retrospective analysis of 323 patients who underwent surgery for noncholesteatomatous chronic otitis media in the Gruppo Otologica, Piacenza, Italy, between April 1983 and December 1993 is presented. Cases were separated into three groups according to different surgical treatment modalities and conditions of the ears at the time of operation. Group I (n = 53) consisted of cases of CSOM treated by tympanoplasty without mastoidectomy (TLWOM). Group II (n = 28) included cases of CSOM treated by tympanoplasty with mastoidectomy (TLWM). Intact canal wall technique was used in these cases. The ears in both these groups were discharging severely at the time of surgery. Group III (n = 242) included patients whose ears were dry at the time of surgery but who had had previous recurrent episodes of suppuration and who were treated by TLWOM. At the last follow-up, graft success rates for groups I, II, and III were 90.5%, 85.7%, and 89.2%, respectively, and mean residual gaps were 17.2 dB, 20.1 dB, and 19.4 dB, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the three groups either on graft success rates (p > 0.05) or on final functional hearing outcome (p > 0.05). TLWM is the preferable treatment modality for most surgeons in noncholesteatomatous CSOM. Nevertheless, in our experience TLWOM yields comparable results for this group of patients. In addition, we could not find any significant difference in results of graft success and final functional hearing rates between dry and discharging ears (p > 0.05).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Clinical observations on coexistence of sudden hearing loss and vestibular schwannoma.

It has long been recognized that sudden hearing loss (SHL) may be a harbinger of vestibular schwannoma (VS). Among 192 VS patients who underwent operation in the Gruppo Otologico, Piacenza, Italy, from April 1987 to October 1995, the charts of 14 (7.3%) cases with a history of SHL were examined. SHL was the first symptom in 8 (4.2%) patients. Eight (57.1%) of 14 VS cases with SHL anamnesis had reported recovery of their previous hearing either totally or partially before establishment of tumor diagnosis. Five (35.7%) cases had recurrent bouts of SHL. SHL was observed less frequently in cases with large tumors (>3 cm). However, the frequency of SHL in patients with small tumors did not differ from that of medium-sized tumors. Awareness about coexistence of SHL and VS, as well as concomitant use of auditory brain stem response and magnetic resonance imaging, is crucial to rule out the diagnosis of VS in a patient with SHL.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Anatomical considerations of high jugular bulb in lateral skull base surgery.

In order to study high jugular bulb management in lateral skull base surgery, an anatomical study was conducted on 30 temporal bones by examining the relationship between the internal auditory canal (IAC) and the jugular bulb. The following parameters were measured: 1) Height of the jugular bulb (H)... distance between the level of jugular bulb dome and the line passing through the confluence of the sigmoid sinus with the jugular bulb (SS-JB), 2) Mastoid length (ML)... distance between the mastoid process and middle cranial fossa dura, 3) Distance between the most inferior part of the porus acousticus and jugular bulb dome (A), 4) Distance between the porus acousticus and SS-JB (B). The jugular bulb was defined as high when it occupied more than two thirds of (B). The incidence of a high jugular bulb was 23 per cent in this study. When the jugular bulb was high, the mean (H) and (A) were 9.4 +/- 1.9 mm and 2.7 +/- 0.5 mm, respectively. (H) was higher on the right side than on the left side. No statistically significant difference was found between small and large mastoids (t-test: p > 0.05). It was concluded that when a high jugular bulb was encountered during lateral skull base surgery, the jugular bulb position allows a very small working area inferior to the IAC. In these cases, a 3 or 4 mm depression of the jugular bulb is necessary in order to expose the lower cranial nerves. This can be accomplished by lowering the jugular bulb with the technique already described.

Humans↗
PubMed1997

Acute physiopathological and histopathological effects of fetal distress on the fetal stomach: an experimental study.

Although effects of stress on the stomach have been extensively investigated in children and adults, our knowledge about effects of fetal distress (FD) on the fetal stomach is quite limited. Therefore, an experimental study was planned to evaluate the effects of FD on fetal gastric physiology and histology. In this study, a model of FD was created by way of intermittent maternal aortic occlusion in pregnant rabbits. In total, 21 fetuses of 6 pregnant rabbits were available for surgical and laboratory procedures. Laboratory examinations showed that (1) fetal gastric acid secretion was 4.24 +/- 2.68 muEq/h in the control group and 18.08 +/- 6.34 muEq/h in the distress group (p < 0.01) and (2) fetal gastric PGE2 level was 16.59 +/- 6.15 mg/g wet weight in the control group and 9.86 +/- 3.46 mg/g wet weight in the distress group (p < 0.05). Histopathologically, there were mild hemorrhagic and errosive changes in the distressed fetuses, but not in control fetuses. These findings support that FD adversely affects fetal gastric physiology through two mechanisms consisting of increased gastric acid secretion and decreased fetal gastric protection in rabbits. Consequently, gastric injury should be noted as a potential problem among hypoxia-associated abnormalities encountered in the distressed fetus.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Susceptibility of microorganisms isolated from chronic suppurative otitis media to ciprofloxacin.

In order to evaluate the susceptibility of the microorganisms isolated from chronic suppurative otitis media to ciprofloxacin, cultures of specimens from 127 patients with chronic suppurative otitis media and their antibiotic sensitivity results were examined. The most common aerobic isolates were Pseudomonas sp., Proteus sp., and Staphylococcus aureus with recovery rates of 40.7%, 21.6% and 19.1% respectively. Sensitivity results showed that 6.2% of Pseudomonas isolates, 2.9% of Proteus isolates, 10% of Staphylococcus aureus isolates and 8.3% of Escherichia coli isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin.

Anti-Infective Agents↗
PubMed1996

Anatomical relationship between position of the sigmoid sinus and regional mastoid pneumatization.

In order to examine the relationship between the location of the sigmoid sinus (SS) and mastoid pneumatization, 25 adult temporal bones were dissected. Pneumatization was evaluated according to findings during dissections of three separate regions of the mastoid: i.e., the sinodural angle (SDA) area, inter-sinofacial area and mastoid apex. In addition, the SDA and distance between the SS and vertical portion of the facial nerve, were measured at the second genu (G) of the facial nerve, the junction (J) of the nerve and digastric ridge and the midpoint between G and J.A good correlation was observed between pneumatization of the cells surrounding the SDA and the distance between the SS and facial nerve at the mid-point of its vertical segment. However, pneumatization of the inter-sinofacial air cell tract could not be correlated with this distance. A significant decrease in the values of the SDA was found when the air cells surrounding the SDA were poorly pneumatized. This study indicated a correlation between the position of the SS and pneumatization of the mastoid in the area of the SDA.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Measurement of endocochlear DC potentials in ears with acoustic neuromas: a preliminary report.

The pathogenesis of hearing loss in acoustic neuromas remains to be elucidated. To obtain more detailed information about inner ear damage in this disease, especially that dealing with the possibility of ischemia of the inner ear due to compression of the blood supply in the internal auditory canal by acoustic neuromas, measurement of endocochlear DC potential (EP) was attempted in three ears with acoustic neuromas during surgical removal of the tumors by the translabyrinthine approach. The size of each tumor was 3.0, 0.8, and 1.8 cm, respectively. An EP with a positive value was recorded in each of the three ears, i.e., 54, 57, and 38 mV, respectively, although the first and third patients were profoundly deaf on the side with a tumor. These findings were interpreted as being evidence of retention of function by the stria vascularis and the existence of blood supply to the inner ear in spite of the presence of tumors. Measurement of the EP seems to provide a new tool with which to analyze the causes of hearing loss in acoustic neuromas. Relatively low EP values may suggest mild dysfunction of the stria vascularis with acoustic neuromas.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Fish oil fatty acid supplementation in active ulcerative colitis: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study.

Arachidonic acid metabolites formed by both the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways may contribute to the clinical diarrhea and colitis of inflammatory bowel disease. Patients with active ulcerative colitis have increased levels of leukotriene B4 in their rectal mucosa, and these levels tend to correlate with severity of the disease. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of ingestion of fish oil n-3-omega-fatty acids, inhibitors of leukotriene synthesis, in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Eleven patients with ulcerative colitis of mild to moderate severity were studied in a 8-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial of dietary supplementation with fish oil, which provided about 4.2 g of omega-3- fatty acids per day. A disease activity index based on patient symptoms and sigmoidoscopic appearance was used to assess efficacy. Mucosal leukotriene B4 production was measured by radioimmunoassay. Mean disease activity index declined 56% for patients receiving fish oil and 4% for patients on placebo (p less than 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in histopathologic scores or colonic mucosal leukotriene B4 levels. All patients tolerated fish oil ingestion and showed no alteration in routine blood studies. No patient worsened; anti-inflammatory drugs could be reduced or eliminated in eight patients (72%) while receiving fish oil. We conclude that fish oil dietary supplementation results in clinical improvement of active mild to moderate ulcerative colitis but is not associated with significant reduction in mucosal leukotriene B4 production, compared with placebo therapy. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanism of action and optimal dose and duration of fish oil supplementation in ulcerative colitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Same-day upper and lower inpatient endoscopy: a trend for the future.

Performance of same-day upper and lower endoscopy has many potential advantages, as it may reduce costs, shorten hospital stay, and expedite patient care, but its feasibility, efficacy, and potential have not been carefully defined. We report here our experience with a group of 87 patients who underwent same-day upper and lower endoscopy (174 procedures) over a 2-yr period at a tertiary care VA Hospital, compared with an alternate-day upper and lower endoscopy group of 50 patients (100 procedures) over the same time period. Most patients were elderly males. Common indications for endoscopy were occult or overt gastrointestinal bleeding, previous or concomitant history of pertinent pathology (i.e., polyps, ulcers), abdominal pain, diarrhea, or other symptoms, abnormal radiological studies, and iron deficiency anemia. Both groups required similar amounts of intravenous sedation. There were no complications in either group. In both groups, common positive findings were inflammation (i.e., colitis, esophagitis), benign neoplasms, diverticulae, peptic ulcer, and cancer. In both groups, only 2-6% had negative upper and lower endoscopy, whereas either one procedure was negative in 25% and 18% of cases, respectively. We conclude that the practice of same-day inpatient upper and lower endoscopy is feasible, has excellent diagnostic yield, even in the elderly, and carries no increased risks. When indicated, the practice of same-day upper and lower endoscopy should be encouraged.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Case of gingival hyperplasia due to mouth breathing].

In this article, a severe gingival hyperplasia case which was seen in maxilla and mandible of a 13 years old male patient who has mouth breathing was presented and some knowledges about this subject were reviewed. It was observed that the patient has nasal obstruction and he was called for nasal operation after he finishes the age of eighteen. His luxe primary teeth were extracted. For the time being to provide esthetic and function, gingivectomy was performed on upper and lower jaw.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Retrograde coronary sinus perfusion of cold cardioplegic solutions in the presence of coronary arterial occlusions. Experimental study.

Coronary arterial stenoses impose a constraint on the delivery of cold cardioplegic solutions conventionally perfused via the aortic root, resulting in uneven myocardial cooling and protection. Therefore the hearts undergoing coronary bypass operations show impaired cooling of the post-occlusive myocardial regions, and temperature gradients among different myocardial fields are registered after cold cardioplegic perfusion. We applied retrograde coronary sinus perfusion of cold cardioplegic solution in canine hearts with occluded multiple left coronary arterial branches to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks, and a uniform left ventricular cooling was demonstrated by this technique.

Animals↗