[Renal cystic mass: the diagnostic dilemma].
OBJECTIVE: To determine the best diagnostic approach and management of cystic renal mass. METHODS: Four cases are described and the literature reviewed. RESULTS: Of the 4 cases of cystic renal mass, 2 had a previous history of renal trauma. Puncture and aspiration of the cystic content were performed in three cases; cytology was positive for malignancy in one, which was confirmed by the histologic analysis. Two cases underwent nephrectomy although one of the post-traumatic cases had a preoperative diagnosis of pararenal pseudocyst. The literature review showed a significant controversy exists concerning the diagnostic approach and treatment. CONCLUSIONS: We advocate an approach free from tenets, where all the appropriately chosen diagnostic tools may be valid. If doubts persist after diagnostic evaluation, nephrectomy should be performed.