Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A Arroyo.
The antitumor drug, 3-nitrobenzothiazolo[3,2-a]quinolinium chloride (NBQ) was tested for genotoxicity with the sex-linked recessive lethal test by feeding Drosophila melanogaster males. Although toxic to adults, the drug tested negative at the concentrations studied.
We evaluated the use of real time linear echotomography to diagnose cancer affecting the wall of the stomach. In vitro studies were performed on pieces resected from normal subjects and patients with peptic ulcer or gastric cancer. 108 patients were also evaluated, 68 with normal findings at endoscopy and radiology and 35 with gastric cancer. The muscularis mucosae and the muscular layers are hypoechogenic while the mucosa, submucosa and subserosa are echogenic. An infiltrative process leads to alteration of these echographic layers which are replaced by an hypoechogenic zone. Depth and extension of the lesion may thus be evaluated. Routine analysis of the gastric wall in every echographic examination of the abdomen may help detect early cases of gastric cancer.
A prospective study on 25 adolescent pregnant women was carried out. A single measurement of the systolic-diastolic ratio (S/D) was taken using continuous Doppler on arcuate arteries on both sides of the uterus. All measurements were taken after the 16th week of amenorrhea. The relationship between Doppler velocimetry and birthweight was established. Seven newborns were small for gestational age. The sensitivity of this method was 94.4% and specificity was 57.1%. Positive predictive value was 80.0% while negative predictive value was 85.0%. The importance of measuring both arcuate arteries and determining the site of placental insertion for proper interpretation of results is stressed.
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We performed real time echotomographic studies in 203 patients with a clinical diagnosis of obstructive jaundice. All patients were operated on and a diagnosis of choledocholithiasis was established in 125. The same diagnosis had been made by echo in 69 of them for a 63% sensitivity rate. The specificity was 92% and the positive predictive value 93%. An improvement in sensitivity from 52 to 80% and in specificity from 91 to 94% along the 3 year study period was detected. This high yield of the echographic study, not widespread in the literature, may be attributed to a careful study of the intrapancreatic section of the common duct were 92% of the stones were found. Also, the experience and training of the radiologist performing the examination is essential.
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Cutaneous involvement by systemic Hodgkin's disease is rare, although it is frequently seen in other types of malignant lymphomas. This is a report of a patient with systemic Hodgkin's disease involving the skin as recurrence of the disease who had a complete remission after adequate chemotherapy. A review of the literature on this topic is also presented.
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Two groups of patients suffering surgical infections were treated with fosfomycin. The first includes 21 suppurating dermic of soft underlying tissue lesions. The second group includes 29 surgical abdominal infections. The bacteriology of the first group was made up of gram-positive and gram-negative germs predominantly S. aureus and E. coli, all the isolated species appeared to be sensitive to fosfomycin. In the second group a gram-negative bacterial flora predominantly E. coli was obtained; with a sensitivity to this antibiotic of 90.5%. Surgical treatment accompanied the treatment with fosfomycin. In the first group, all the patients were cured with the oral administration of 2-6 g/day and in an average time less than that of the similar control group which did not receive the antibiotic. In the second group surgical treatment was necessary in 25 of the 29 patients and in all of them parenteral treatment was done with fosfomycin, preferably intramuscularly and in general the dosage was 4 g daily. All patients were cured except for one who was not operated on and who suffered from a fever of undetermined origin.
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