Growth of the murine hepatoma H6 was significantly suppressed by amiloride, a sodium influx inhibitor. Primary tumor growth inhibition was augmented by loading the drug into cross-linked albumin carriers, but lung metastases were enhanced. These results emphasize the importance of using metastatic tumor models when testing new drugs and/or alternative modes of drug delivery.

Albumins↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Child sexual abuse in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

This paper discusses child sexual abuse in a hospital serving a largely rural population in Eshowe, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa during a period of 9 years and 2 months. Child sexual abuse was a significant problem. The incidence of sexually transmitted diseases at presentation was high (65.9%). The abuser, when identified, was more commonly an acquaintance or stranger than a family member. The shortage of resources in 'third world' countries means that medical personnel must take the lead in identifying and managing children with sexual abuse. Frequently they must assume additional roles, such as that of social worker, if management is to be successful. However, high patient case loads in these situations make this difficult and therefore child sexual abuse may not be adequately dealt with. A possible solution to this problem is the use of outside agencies to research the problem and the establishment of regional special units to manage child abuse.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Efficacy of intraperitoneal amino acid (IPAA) dialysate in an Asian vegetarian patient with chronic hypoalbuminaemia.

Protein-calorie malnutrition is commonly found in chronic CAPD patients and is a matter of concern since low serum albumin levels correlate with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Recognition of this link has therefore led to a growing interest in the efficacy of IPAA therapy as a possible treatment option. The present case study took place within a larger, ongoing clinical trial and outlines our experience of administering one exchange of 1.1% IPAA (Nutrineal, Baxter Healthcare Ltd) per day over 18 weeks to a patient identified as being protein malnourished.

Amino Acids↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Maintenance payments for child support in southern Africa: using law to promote family planning.

This article presents some of the legal, social, cultural, and practical constraints facing women who attempt to enforce their right to maintenance (child support) payments in southern Africa. It is based on research by the Women and Law in Southern Africa Trust, a network of women who research women's legal rights in six countries: Botswana, Lesotho, Mozambique, Swaziland, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Statutes in all countries in the region provide that a man must support his legitimate and illegitimate children; there are, however, weaknesses in the laws on the books. The social and cultural constraints that influence the enforcement of maintenance laws include women's lack of knowledge of the law, attitudes toward child support influenced by customary law, allegations of women's abuse of maintenance payments, financial and practical problems, and fear of physical violence or other forms of retribution. Maintenance laws are relevant to family planning in that if such laws were more effectively enforced, so that the financial burden of children were more equally shared between women and men, men would have a financial stake in controlling their fertility.

Africa, Southern↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The extending role of the renal nurse working in satellite units.

Like many large Renal Units the Renal Directorate within the Royal Hospitals NHS Trust has expanded rapidly over the past three years. With this increase in our population we have opened three community based haemodialysis units, two within District General Hospitals and the third a stand alone unit. All three units are Nurse led with Medical cover provided by the two main units of the Royal London Hospital and St Bartholomew's Hospital.

Community Health Services↗