Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A Arlazoroff.
Electroencephalographic tracings of 50 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) were compared with those of 75 controls. In the UC patients a 24% incidence of abnormal tracings was found as compared with an 8% incidence in the controls. A higher incidence of abnormal electroencephalograms was found among active cases of UC than among those in remission. The meaning of these results is not yet clear.
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We describe two patients, aged 3.5 years and 15 years, with a mild form of herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE). The disease was characterized by convulsions and lymphocytic pleocytosis in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Involvement of herpes simplex virus (HSV) was established by antibody measurements in serum and CSF. Recovery was complete with no antiviral drug administration. It appears that scrutinized serological work-up would widen our concept of mild forms of HSE, with a better prognosis and complete recovery.
Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) is a rare hereditary disease characterized by xanthomata of tendons, osteoporosis, cataracts, cerebellar ataxia, spastic paresis, and dementia. Though electroencephalographic (EEG) abnormalities are frequent in CTX, epileptic seizures have not been recognized as a major feature. A CTX patient is reported who presented with a generalized epileptic seizure and was evaluated with EEG and neuropsychological testing. Epilepsy should be considered a feature of CTX, and CTX considered as a possible, though rare, cause of symptomatic seizures.
Acute herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) has a grave outcome, and detection of prognostic features is of clinical importance. Thirty patients with HSE were assessed in a retrospective study. Diagnosis was confirmed by serological methods using the indirect immunofluorescence technique (IFT). Antiviral treatment was given to 23 of the patients. Focal convulsions were more frequent in patients below 18 years of age, while confusion and memory disturbances were prevalent among patients above 18. The final outcome was influenced by the degree of severity of the disease at the peak and the state of consciousness and duration of disease prior to the initiation of anti-viral treatment. No correlation was found between antibody levels in serum or in CSF and the outcome. We conclude that the clinical degree of severity the duration of illness prior to treatment and state of consciousness at the initiation of anti-viral treatment are of prognostic importance.
A case of left subclavian steal syndrome with transient ischemic attacks of left carotid artery distribution is presented. An attempt to explain this uncommon symptomatology is based on a rare patent cervical arterial network, stealing blood from the left common carotid artery and supplying the distal portion of the obstructed left subclavian artery.
A 30 year-old, mentally retarded female presented with uncontrolled seizures. The diagnosis of pseudohypoparathyroidism was established on grounds of clinical, laboratory and radiological evaluation. Despite normalization of serum calcium levels with vitamin D treatment, the patient continued to suffer from frequent convulsions. The possible pathogenesis of the therapy-resistant seizures and the therapeutic approach are discussed.