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Biomedical subjects

A Arancibia

Publications and source records attributed to A Arancibia.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Pharmacokinetics of furosemide in patients with hepatic cirrhosis.

The pharmacokinetics of furosemide was studied in 7 patients with diagnosed liver cirrhosis and in 7 healthy subjects. Furosemide in plasma and ascitic fluid was analyzed spectrofluorometrically. After a single intravenous dose, the cirrhotic patients showed lower initial plasma concentrations of furosemide because of the larger volume of distribution. The mean half-life in cirrhotic patients was significantly greater than in healthy volunteers. The longer half-life was associated with a reduction in the serum clearance of furosemide. Ascitic fluid volume in the patients ranged from 4.6 to 7.71. There was no significant amount of furosemide in the fluid. The diuretic interchange between this fluid and plasma was slow, as peak concentrations ranged from 0.3 to 0.5 microgram/ml within 3 to 5 h after bolus administration of furosemide. Diuresis and urinary sodium excretion, 5 h after furosemide injection, were similar in both groups; larger potassium excretion was found in the cirrhotic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin in subjects with normal and impaired renal function.

The pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin was investigated in 4 healthy volunteers and in 16 patients with varying degrees of renal impairment, 4 of whom were on regular hemodialysis. Amoxicillin was administered both in a 1-g single intravenous injection and two 500-mg capsules per os. The kinetics of the antibiotic followed an open two-compartment model. In the patients with renal failure there was a significant decrease in beta, kappa10, and total body clearance. A linear relationship between beta of amoxicillin and creatinine clearance was found. This relationship allows dosage regimen adjustment for patients with renal impairment. A significant increase in the absorption half-life of the antibiotic was also observed in patients with renal impairment. The half-life of the antibiotic during hemodialysis was 2.3 h.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Absorption and disposition kinetics of amoxicillin in normal human subjects.

Pharmacokinetic parameters of amoxicillin were studied in healthy fasted subjects afqer both oral and intravenous administration of a single 500-mg dose. Serum levels and urinary excretion rates were determined at various time intervals by a microbiological method. The conventional two-compartment model with elimination occurring from the central compartment was used to analyze the data. Mean values were 3.40 h-1 for alpha and 0.68 h-1 for beta. Distribution constants kappa 12 and kappa 21 were 0.92 h-1 and 1.99 h-1, respectively. The rate constant for elimination from the central compartment, kappa 10, was 1.16 h-1. The volume of distribution was 20.2 liters (0.30 liter/kg), and the serum clearance was 13.3 liters/h. The absorption rate constant, kappa a, in the oral study, calculated by the Loo-Riegelman method, was 1.02 h-1, and the absorption half-life was 0.72 h. Absolute bioavailability after the oral dose was determined by comparing both the areas under the curve (AUC) and fractions of the antibiotic excreted unchanged in the urine. The AUC after oral administration was 77.4% of the intravenous AUC. On the other hand, recovery from the urine was 43.4% after the oral dose and 57.4% after the intravenous dose, indicating 76.5% bioavailability.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1978

Ascorbate stimulation of salicylate absorption in isolated rat intestine.

Salicylate transport across the rat intestine was measured using both in vitro and in vivo procedures. After the steady state for labeled salicylate was reached, the addition of ascorbate stimulated tracer flux with the establishment of a new steady state. The tissue permeability had a saturable dependence on ascorbate concentration. Also, ascorbate stimulated the tissue short-circuit current.

Animals↗