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Biomedical subjects

A Araki

Publications and source records attributed to A Araki.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Determination of free and total homocysteine in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection.

A simple, sensitive and precise method for the determination of both free and total homocysteine in human plasma is presented. The total homocysteine in plasma consists of free homocysteine (i.e. reduced plus oxidized homocysteine in the non-protein fraction of plasma) and protein-bound homocysteine. The thiol compounds in plasma, which are reduced or liberated from plasma proteins with tri-n-butylphosphine, are derivatized with a thiol-specific fluorogenic reagent, ammonium 7-fluorobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole-4-sulphonate. The derivatives are separated by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The concentrations (mean +/- S.D.) of free and total homocysteine in plasma from 35 normal subjects were 1.94 +/- 0.46 and 6.18 +/- 1.19 nmol/ml, respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Carnitine metabolism in valproate-treated rats: the effect of L-carnitine supplementation.

The effect of the administration for 7 days of valproate (500 mg/kg/day) or valproate (500 mg/kg/day) plus L-carnitine (200 mg/kg/day) on carnitine concentrations in serum, red blood cells, muscle, liver, and urine was evaluated. In the serum and muscle of the valproic acid (VPA) group, free carnitine levels decreased, while acyl-carnitine levels and acyl/free ratio increased, when compared to those of the control. When L-carnitine was given to the VPA group, the free carnitine levels increased in the serum, muscle, and liver, and the acyl/free ratio decreased in all tissues when compared to those of the VPA group. The mean of free carnitine level in urine of the VPA group was not different but acylcarnitine increased when compared to values of controls, and after the supplementation with L-carnitine the acylcarnitine (from day 4 to 7) levels were decreased compared to the VPA group. The serum beta-OH-butyrate level in the VPA group was decreased when compared to those of controls and VPA plus L-carnitine groups. These results indicate that L-carnitine supplementation protects against the alteration in carnitine metabolism induced by the administration of VPA.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical and pharmacokinetics evaluation of flomoxef in pediatrics].

Flomoxef (FMOX, 6315-S), a new parenteral oxacephem antibiotic was investigated for its clinical efficacy and pharmacokinetics. The results obtained are summarized below. 1. Twenty-eight patients were treated with 39-152 mg/kg per day of FMOX by intravenous administration. Diagnosis of patients were pneumonia in 15 patients, acute upper respiratory tract infection in 5, acute enterocolitis in 3, urinary tract infection in 2 and cholangitis, suppurative lymphadenitis and suspicious sepsis in 1 patient each. Clinical effect was excellent in 7 cases, good in 8, fair in 5, poor in 2 and 6 cases were excluded because therapy periods were too short and other antibiotics were used together. Efficacy rate was 68% and the rate of bacterial disappearance was 83%. 2. Rash was found in 5 cases and thrombocytosis was found in 1 out of 28 cases. However, no severe adverse reaction was encountered. 3. The peak serum level of FMOX was 51.0 micrograms/ml after 20 mg/kg of drip infusion for 30 minutes and the half-life was 17.2 minutes in alpha-phase and 58.2 minutes in beta-phase.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Comparison of mutagenicities of N-nitrosamines on Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and Escherichia coli WP2 uvrA/pKM101 using rat and hamster liver s9.

The mutagenicities of twelve N-nitrosamines were tested on Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and Escherichia coli WP2 uvrA/pKM101 in the presence of rat liver S9 or hamster liver S9 by "preincubation" and "pour-plate" assays. The following eleven N-nitrosamines were mutagenic: N-nitroso-N-dimethylamine; N-nitroso-N-diethylamine; N-nitroso-N-di-n-propylamine; N-nitroso-N-di-n-butylamine; N-nitroso-N-methyl-n- amylamine ; N-nitroso-piperidine; N-nitrosomorpholine; N-nitroso-N-methyl-piperazine; N-nitroso-N-methyl-benzylamine; N-nitroso-N-methyl- phenylamine and N-nitroso-N-phenyl-benzylamine. N-Nitroso-N-diphenylamine was not mutagenic. E. coli WP2 uvrA/pKM101 was more sensitive than S. typhimurium TA100 to the mutagenic actions of N-nitroso-dialkyl amines, N-nitroso- aklyl -aryl amines and N-nitroso- diaryl amines, but S. typhimurium TA100 was more sensitive to those of N-nitroso-cyclic amines. Hamster liver S9 was better than rat liver S9 for metabolic activation of N-nitrosamines, and the preincubation step enhanced the mutagenicities of N-nitrosamines.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Sex differences in in-vitro activation and in-vivo carcinogenicity.

Metabolic activation capacities of liver from rats of both sexes were studied in a bacterial mutation test containing an in-vitro metabolic activation system. Livers of male Wistar rats had higher metabolic activity than those of females for the oesophageal carcinogens, N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine and N-nitrosomethylamylamine. Castration of and/or injection of oestradiol to male rats decreased the metabolic activation capacity of their livers towards these oesophageal carcinogens to the level seen in females. Neither castration nor injection of testosterone to female rats had a significant effect on the metabolic activation capacity of their livers; however, injection of testosterone to castrated females increased the metabolic activation capacity to that of male liver. Liver from male rats also had higher in-vitro metabolic activation capacities for N-nitrosodimethylamine and N-nitrosodiethylamine than that of females.

Animals↗