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Biomedical subjects

A Ansari

Publications and source records attributed to A Ansari.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Serum angiotensin converting enzyme activity in patients with chronic renal failure on long term hemodialysis.

Serum angiotensin converting enzyme activity was assayed by a spectrofluorometric method in 19 patients with chronic renal failure on long term hemodialysis and 19 control subjects. Converting enzyme activity was increased in 11 of 19 (58%) patients compared with the controls (p less than 0.005). There was no correlation between serum converting enzyme activity and plasma renin activity or blood pressure in the patients. Possible mechanisms responsible for the increased converting enzyme activity are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Identification of species of Candida, Cryptococcus, and Torulopsis by gas-liquid chromatography.

Gas-liquid chromatography was used to identify species of Candida, Cryptococcus, and Torulopsis by fatty-acid analysis of the whole-cell hydrolysate. Candida albicans characteristically revealed 2-OH C14:0 and C19:0 (chain length:number of double bonds); these were absent in other organisms. Candida curvata was characterized by a ratio of C16:1 to C16:0 of greater than 1.0. Candida guilliermondii contained C10:0, and Candida tropicalis had no C12:0, these features were used for their identification. Cryptococcus was characterized by the absence of C16:1. Torulopsis was characterized by a C16:1 to C16:0 ratio of greater than 10 accompanied by the presence of one unidentified fatty acid. These data suggested that certain Candida, Cryptococcus, and Torulopsis (the clinically important yeast-like organisms) may be identified by gas-liquid chromatography.

Candida↗
PubMed1977

Leukocyte antigens and disease: III. Association of HLA-B8 and HLA-BW 15 with insulin-dependent diabetes in three different population groups.

The distribution of 20 HLA antigens in 382 diabetic and 184 control subjects of white, Mexican-American, and black ancestry was studied. In all three populations, the incidence of antigens BB and BW15 was higher in the insulin-dependent diabetics than in the controls. The differences fell short of statistical significance when corrections were made for the number of antigens studied. When the results of previous studies were combined with our own, there was a highly significant association of insulin-dependent diabetes and the antigens BB and BW15 in the white population. It seems highly likely that this association would also hold true for the Mexican-American and the black diabetics if a sufficient number of patients were studied.

Black People↗
PubMed1977

Radiopharmaceuticals XXVII. 18F-labeled 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-d-glucose as a radiopharmaceutical for measuring regional myocardial glucose metabolism in vivo: tissue distribution and imaging studies in animals.

18F-2-Deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose (18FDG) is rapidly extracted by the mouse heart, and the radioactivity in heart (3-4% per organ) remains relatively constant for 2 hr post injection. The brain uptake (2-3% per organ) remained relatively constant throughout the time course of the study. Liver, lungs, kidneys, small intestine, and blood all showed a rapid clearance of radioactivity after injection of 18FDG. At 120 min the heart-to-lung ratio was 12 and heart-to-liver ratio was 32. Urinary excretion of activity was approximately 16% of the injected dose at 60 min. The uptake of radioactivity by dog heart following the intravenous administration of 18FDG was 2.8-4.1% at 60 min and 2.4% at 135 min; it was regionally distributed, the areas of highest activity being the left ventricle and the interventricular septum. The brain activity was 2.1-3.5% at 120 min, with a ratio of gray matter-to-white matter of 2-3:1. Urinary excretion in dogs was 16% and 50% of the injected dose at 60 and 135 min. The chemical form of the activity in the urine, although unidentified, was not 18F-. Cross-sectional images of the myocardium of the dog after intravenous injection of 18FDG were obtained using emission tomography.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Hemodynamic changes associated with angina pectoris induced by maximal treadmill exercise: effect of sublingual isosorbide dinitrate on systolic time intervals.

A technique for the study of patients with angina pectoris has been described, in which systolic time interval (STI) measurements are obtained at intervals after the onset of stress-induced angina. The technique is uniquely suited to the evaluation of anti-anginal drugs. Sublingual isosorbide dinitrate (SISD) was randomly alternated with a placebo (P) tablet in a double-blind study of 20 patients with stable angina pectoris. After SISD, compared to placebo, a highly significant shortening of Q-S2 and LVET occurred (p less than 0.001) which lasted throughout the entire 120 minute study period. The hemodynamic basis for these differences was felt to be improved myocardial contractility secondary to a reduction in systemic vascular resistance and reduced venous return induced by the SISD. A significant prolongation of PEP occurred at 60 minutes post-SISD (p less than 0.01). This was attributed to an increase in the gradient between LVEDP and aortic diastolic pressure resulting from reduced venous return after SISD. The PEP/LVET ratio was significantly increased up to 60 minutes after SISD (P less than 0.05). Heart rate was uniformly higher post-SISD, compared to post-placebo values; the differences were highly significant up to 60 minutes (P less than 0.001) and remained significant at 120 minutes (p less than 0.05). The time to angina was significantly longer (immediately post SISD, p less than 0.05; 30 min, p less than 0.001; 60 mins, p less than 0.05; 120 mins, p less than 0.05); and the work load greater, for 120 minutes following SISD: the increase in the latter was highly significant for 30 minutes after SISD (p less than 0.001) and remained significant up to 120 minutes (60 mins, p less than 0.05; 120 mins, p less than 0.05). These observations were attributed to an improvement in myocardial function due to the sublingual isosorbide dinitrate. A high degree of correlation was found to exist between heart rate and the STI. This correlation was negative for the QS2 interval (-0.996) and LVET (-0.993) and positive for PEP (+0.817) and the PEP/LVET ratio (+0.950).

Aged↗
PubMed1976

The eosinophilic response of the rat to infection with Taenia taeniaeformis.

Rats were dosed with eggs of Taenia taeniaeformis and hematologic parameters were measured throughout the course of primary infection. There was no evidence of anemia but differential leukocyte counts revealed distinct and reproducible patterns of white blood cell changes. A lymphocytosis developed at the end of the 1st and 5th weeks postinfection (p.i.). Neutrophil counts peaked 8 days p.i., although at that time there was no marked neutrophilic infiltration of the tissues. Eosinophil counts began to rise during the 2nd week p.i., and reached a peak during the 3rd week, followed by a decline and then another peak during the 5th week p.i. Eosinophilic infiltration of the tissues was remarkable during the period of peripheral eosinophilia. A wide zone of eosinophils surrounded the developing larvae at 22 days p.i. and persisted in some cases for a further 2 weeks. Eosinophils remained in lesser numbers in the connective tissue capsule throughout the infection, often in association with plasma cells. After oral challenge with 1,000 eggs infected rats showed brisk secondary eosinophilic responses 3 to 7 days later but other hematologic parameters were unaffected. Average peripheral eosinophil counts at 3 and 4 days post-challenge were significantly higher than those in unchallenged controls (P less than 0.05 and P less than 0.01, respectively). There was no detectable increase in eosinophilic infiltration of small intestinal tissues in challenged rats. These results are discussed in relation to current understanding of the mechanisms of eosinophil chemotaxis in vitro and the possible causes of local eosinophil accumulation in parasitic infections in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Antibody-mediated secondary eosinophilic response to Taenia taeniaeformis in the rat.

Normal rats were given intravenous doses of either immune serum or immunoglobulin fractions 24 hr before oral challenge with 1,000 eggs of Taenia taeniaeformis. Total eosinophil counts per mm3 were performed for 3 days prior to and 6 days after challenge. Sensitized rats usually showed sharp peaks of eosinophilia 2 to 6 days after this dose. The pattern of the eosinophilic response was similar to that which occurs after challenge of immune infected rats. The differences in peripheral eosinophil levels in passively immunized and normal rats were statistically significant. Immunoglobulin fractions containing protective IgG2alpha were most effective, but a fraction containing reaginic antibody activity also sensitized rats to give secondary eosinophilic responses. The findings are discussed in relation to the probable contribution of antigen-antibody reactions to the production of secondary eosinophilic responses in experimental cysticercosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Mallory-Weiss syndrome--revisted.

Six patients (three women and three men) who had upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage due to Mallory-Weiss syndrome are described. Retching was the most common precipitating factor (5/6) followed by vomiting (2/6). Basic underlying causes for either retching or vomiting were probable excess alcohol consumption (3/6), side-effects of oral or parentral medication (2/6) and over-indulgence in eating after partial gastrectomy (1/6). The two most important factors leading to confirmation of the diagnosis were: 1. History of events prior to the onset of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage and 2. early panendoscopy. One noted feature of the present series is the high incidence of other silent co-existing pathological lesions at the time of endoscopic examination. Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage was characterized as mild to moderate (300-500 cc.) in three patients and moderate to severe (1,000-2,000 cc.) in another three patients. All recovered under medical management and none required surgical intervention. It is becoming increasingly evident that such a benign outcome in Mallory-Weiss syndrome is more common than previously recognized.

Adult↗