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Biomedical subjects

A Alveryd

Publications and source records attributed to A Alveryd.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Urinary phosphate excretion after total thyro-parathyroidectomy in thyroid carcinoma.

It is well established that deficiency of parathyroid hormone causes an increase of the tubular reabsorption of inorganic phosphate. Earlier evaluations, however, are based on animal experiments or in clinical studies where the degree of a postoperative hypoparathyroidism is not clearly defined. Eight patients with thyroid cancer have been operated on with a total thyroparathyroidectomy, biopsy of all identified parathyroids and autotransplantation of these glands. During a postoperative period of 3-5 days there is an arrest of the paraghyroid function before the glands have a new vascular supply. The levels in the serum and urine of calcium, phosphate, sodium, potassium, magnesium, chloride and creatinine were recorded. The excretion of phosphate diminished to unmeasurable values, indicating a complete tubular reabsorption of phosphate. After 5-6 days, when the autografted parathyroids began to function, phosphate reappeared in the urine together with a slow increase in S-Ca. No substitution with calcium or vitamin D was given in the postoperative period.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Indications for surgery in the elderly patient with primary hyperparathyroidism.

The major symptoms presented by the elderly patient with primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) were studied in 30 patients, all of whom were over 70 years of age (70-89). Neuromuscular symptoms, fatigue or mental symptoms were the main complaint in 14 patients. Nephrolithiasis, pancreatitis, skeletal changes or thyroid diseases were associated with HPT in 13 patients. Three patients were considered to be asymptomatic. Seven out of the eight patients with neuromuscular symptoms, and two of the three patients with extreme fatigue as the dominant symptom, improved postoperatively. This study indicates that for elderly patients with HPT especially when associated with neuromuscular symptoms or fatigue, surgical therapy is the treatment of choice.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Diurnal variations in the urinary excretion of calcium and phosphate in hyperparathyroidism.

The urinary excretion of calcium and phosphate during the day and night was studied in 20 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and in the same number of controls with normal function of the parathyroids. A significant difference in TRP between day and night was found in the controls but not in the HPT group. In other respects there were no substantial differences between day and night. The higher excretion of calcium observed in the HPT group was largely attributable to the patients with remal calculi. The simplified sampling procedure when only night urine is analysed has no disadvantages-it is more likely to improve the diagnostic reliability as it reduces the influence of meals, for example.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Primary hyperplasia of the parathyroids.

Eight cases of primary hyperplasia of the parathyroid are reported among 322 cases of primary hyperparathyroidism. Preoperatively, all had high serum calcium. Six cases were water-clear, one chief cell, and one mixed hyperplasia. The case of chief cell hyperplasia was misdiagnosed primarily as adenoma. Its exact nature was recognised retrospectively. Identification and biopsy with frozen section of all the parathyroid glands is stressed. This is essential to rule out the presence of multiple adenoma or adenomatous formation in hyperplasia. When hyperplasia was proved, total parathyroidectomy and autotransplantation of parathyroid tissue equivalent to 1/2 or one normal-sized parathyroid gland was done in 7 cases. Although one patient had hyperplastic tissue in situ, the results of this management are considered to be satisfactory. On to six years postoperatively, all surviving patients are without symptoms of hyperparathyroidism and have normal serum calcium. Two patients required a small dose of Vit D-2 to sustain a normal calcium level. Total parathyroidectomy and autotransplantation of parathyroid tissue (PTA) is preferred to subtotal parathyroidectomy in cases of primary hyperplasia. There is a good primary result and reoperation can be easily done if there is recurrence of hyperparathyroidism.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Dexon for sutures and ligatures.

Dexon has been used in 375 operations of various types on 360 patients. No wound infection was observed in the group of 'clean' cases. As Dexon is absorbed completely but relatively slowly and at an even rate, it can even be used in most instances instead of non-absorbable suture and ligature materials. When used for sutures and ligatures in operations of various types, Dexon costs about the same as catgut.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diaphanography in breast carcinoma. Correlation with clinical examination, mammography, cytology and histology.

Histologically classified carcinoma was present in 110 breasts of 108 symptomatic women. The results of diaphanography (DPG) were correlated with those obtained by clinical examination (CE), mammography (M) and cytology (C). A tumour was palpable in 87 cases (79.1%). A false negative diagnosis was made in 17 cases (15.5%) using DPG, in 13 cases (11.8%) using M and in 15 cases (13.6%) using C, but in 12 of the latter cases (10.9%) the specimen was not representative. The validity of the findings using DPG and M was also analysed. The calculations were based on the results obtained from the present investigation and from a study of diaphanography in 163 cases of benign breast disorders. For DPG the sensitivity was 85 per cent, the specificity 91 per cent, the positive predictive value 86 per cent and the negative predictive value 90 per cent. For M the sensitivity was 86 per cent, the specificity 80 per cent, the positive predictive value 75 per cent and the negative predictive value 91 per cent. The specificity for diaphanography was significantly different from mammography (p less than 0.05). The use of both M and DPG reduced the number of false negatives from 11.8 per cent to 5.5 per cent. In conclusion, DPG has been demonstrated to be a useful adjunct to CE and M.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diaphanography in benign breast disorders. Correlation with clinical examination, mammography, cytology and histology.

Histologically classified benign breast disorder was present in 163 breast of 158 symptomatic women. The results of diaphanography (DPG) were correlated with those obtained by clinical examination (CE), mammography (M) and cytology (C). A tumour was palpable in 108 cases (66.3%). A false positive diagnosis, i.e. possibly malignant, probably malignant or malignant was made in 15 cases (9.2%) with DPG, and in 33 cases (20.2%) with M. Use of both M and DPG reduced the number of false positives to 1.8 per cent. In 8 cases (4.9%) false positive diagnosis was made with C. During a mean observation time of 58.5 months (range 44-72 months, one case of breast carcinoma was diagnosed.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Physical interpretation of diaphanograms using the computer-controlled image scanner OSIRIS.

Experiments have shown that the light recorded in diaphanography covers approximately the wavelength region of 645 to 900 nm. No significant change in image quality was noted by changing the camera distance between 10 and 25 cm and the light source aperture between 5 and 30 mm. Experiments using polarising filters indicated that the breast is optically isotropic; therefore the results cannot be improved by using polarising filters. In a comparison of various films. Kodak Ektachrome Infrared Film gave the best results. No degradation or variation in image quality was observed when different batches were compared or when the exposed film was stored for 3 weeks before processing. The exposure level is a critical factor and a series of 3 images is needed for optimum evaluation of diaphanograms. The experiments indicate that diaphanography gives consistent results.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Breast carcinoma and benign breast lesions. Diaphanography and quantitative evaluation using the computer-controlled image scanner OSIRIS.

A total of 110 diaphanograms from women with breast carcinoma and 154 diaphanograms from women with benign breast disorders were quantitatively evaluated using the OSIRIS image scanner. Optical density values in the green and red spectral bands were recorded. The malignant and the benign groups, were statistically evaluated using linear discriminant analysis. Correct classification was obtained in 73.5 per cent of women with breast carcinoma and in 84.6 per cent of women with benign breast disorders. Visual interpretation of the findings alone classified 84.5 per cent of the malignant lesions correctly and 90.8 per cent of the benign lesions correctly. Quantitative evaluation combined with visual interpretation improved the accuracy of classification of breast carcinoma (91.8%), but not of benign breast disorders, which was about the same (83.8%).

Analog-Digital Conversion↗