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Biomedical subjects

A Alomar

Publications and source records attributed to A Alomar.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Kaposi's sarcoma in a patient with erythroblastopenia and thymoma: reactivation after topical corticosteroids.

We report a 69-year-old female with erythroblastopenia and thymoma who developed lesions of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) after thymectomy, 2 months after the initiation of therapy with methylprednisolone. Control of mucocutaneous KS lesions was obtained with radiotherapy, interferon alfa-2b and withdrawal of systemic immunosuppressive therapy. Erosive oral lichen planus appeared later, and after therapy with topical corticosteroids a new lesion of KS developed that regressed after withdrawal of topical corticosteroids. The detection of HHV-8 only in lesional skin supports the hypothesis that this virus can trigger the development of KS lesions.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1995

Erythema-multiforme-like eruption due to topical contactants: expression of adhesion molecules and their ligands and characterization of the infiltrate.

Erythema-multiforme-like reactions are a rare manifestation of allergic contact sensitivity, the pathomechanisms of which and their possible relationship to erythema multiforme remain unclear. We present our histopathological and immunohistochemical findings regarding the expression of several adhesion molecules and immunophenotypic markers of the infiltrate in skin biopsy specimens from 2 cases of erythema-multiforme-like reactions due to contact sensitizers and 3 cases of typical post-herpetic erythema multiforme. The histopathological pattern of erythema-multiforme-like reactions was characterized by an upper-dermal perivascular lymphoid infiltrate with exocytosis and keratinocyte necrosis; in 1 of the cases, there were foci of spongiosis and an admixture of eosinophils in the infiltrate. In comparison with biopsy specimens from cases of typical erythema multiforme, in both cases of erythema-multiforme-like reactions, the epidermal expression of ICAM-1 was more prominent, the % of CD4+ cells in the infiltrate was higher and the % of CD69+ cells was lower. There were no other significant differences in the cell phenotype of the infiltrate or in adhesion molecule expression in biopsy samples from both disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Flutrimazole 1% dermal cream in the treatment of dermatomycoses: a multicentre, double-blind, randomized, comparative clinical trial with bifonazole 1% cream. Efficacy of flutrimazole 1% dermal cream in dermatomycoses. Catalan Flutrimazole Study Group.

BACKGROUND: Flutrimazole is a new imidazole derivate. Its antifungal activity has been demonstrated in in vivo and in vitro studies to be comparable to that of clotrimazole and higher than bifonazole. AIM: To compare the efficacy and tolerability of flutrimazole cream 1% with a reference drug, bifonazole, in the treatment of dermatomycoses, eligible for topical treatment exclusively. METHODS: A multicentre, double-blind, randomized, parallel-group clinical trial was conducted. Patients with clinically and mycologically (KHO and/or culture) diagnosed fungal infection of the skin were included in this study and were randomized into two treatment groups: 1% flutrimazole or 1% bifonazole, applied to the affected area (target lesion) once a day. The principal criterion of efficacy, 'cure', was based on clinical and mycological assessment. RESULTS: Four hundred and forty-nine patients were included in the study (228 flutrimazole, 221 bifonazole). 'Intention-to-treat' analysis of the data showed a difference between the treatments in terms of the rate of cure (clinical and mycological) after 4 weeks: 73% in the flutrimazole group and 65% in the bifonazole group (p = 0.05). From a safety point of view, flutrimazole and bifonazole were well tolerated, and the overall incidence of adverse effects (mainly mild local effects like irritation or burning sensation) was 5%. CONCLUSIONS: One percent flutrimazole applied topically once a day in the treatment of fungal infections of the skin presents a better efficacy than bifonazole and a good tolerability.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1995

Persistent subcutaneous nodules in patients hyposensitized with aluminum-containing allergen extracts.

BACKGROUND: The development of persistent nodules that cause pain and itching at a vaccination or hyposensitization injection site is a rare event. These lesions have been mainly attributed to a hypersensitivity reaction to aluminum hydroxide, which is used as an absorbing agent in many vaccines and hyposensitization preparations. Patch tests with standard antigens and aluminum compounds and histopathologic and ultrastructural studies were performed on 10 patients with persistent subcutaneous nodules on the upper part of their arms after injection of aluminum-adsorbed dust and/or pollen extracts. OBSERVATIONS: The nodules appeared 1 month to 6.5 years after injections. The results of patch tests with 2% aluminum chloride were positive in five patients. Histopathologic examination revealed two different patterns: some biopsy specimens (from lesions of less than 9 months' duration) showed a pure foreign body histiocytic reaction characterized by extracellular amorphous dermal basophilic deposits with a histiocytic-macrophagic reaction; others showed a delayed hypersensitivity granulomatous reaction in association with an histiocytic foreign body response. The lesions were characterized by a unifocal or multifocal unencapsulated granulomatous reaction in the deep dermis and/or subcutaneous tissue. Eosinophilic necrotic areas surrounded by dense fibrous bands and a massive inflammatory infiltrate (lymphoid follicles, large histiocytic cells, abundant eosinophils, and some plasma cells) were observed. A granular basophilic material in extracellular spaces and within the cytoplasm of some histiocytes was also noted. Electron microscopic studies revealed intracytoplasmic and extracellular deposits of a fibrillar electron-dense material. CONCLUSIONS: Persistent subcutaneous nodules that develop after the administration of aluminum-containing preparations may show two characteristic histopathologic patterns. A pure histiocytic foreign body reaction was observed in early lesions, and a delayed hypersensitivity granulomatous reaction was seen in older lesions. No relationship between histopathologic pattern and patch test results was observed. Aluminum-free preparations should be used in patients in whom these nodules develop.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1994

Occupational skin disease from cutting fluids.

Cutting fluids, oils, and coolant are well-known causes of occupational skin diseases. The mission of cutting fluids, their major types, and the cutaneous disorders related with their use are discussed. The relevance and the clinical manifestations of irritant and allergic contact dermatitis secondary to metal working fluids are reviewed.

Dermatitis, Allergic Contact↗
PubMed1993

Neonatal sepsis and meningitis in Mallorca, Spain, 1977-1991.

In a retrospective study at Son Dureta Hospital (Palma de Mallorca, Mallorca, Spain) of the period 1977-1991, 334 cases of culture-proven sepsis and/or meningitis in neonates born at the facility were identified. Overall, there was an incidence rate of 4.9 cases per 1,000 live births. The case-fatality rate was 7.5%. Infection was more frequent in infants of low birth weight, with the exception of infants with meningitis and infections due to group B Streptococcus and Listeria species. The patterns of predominance among bacterial pathogens that were isolated changed during the period studied. From 1977 to 1984, Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most frequent such isolate, but this frequency declined in the following years. Group B Streptococcus organisms and Staphylococcus epidermidis replaced K. pneumoniae as the predominant pathogens in early- and Staphylococcus epidermidis replaced K. pneumoniae as the predominant pathogens in early- and late-onset infections, respectively. The frequency with which other pathogens were isolated did not vary significantly during the study period. Invasive infection caused by Candida organisms was found in two patients. The incidence of infection due to group B streptococci has increased in the last few years (to 2.4 cases per 1,000 live births in 1991) and has become a significant problem that requires a thorough epidemiological evaluation.

Bacteremia↗
PubMed1992

Local and systemic tolerance of flutrimazole skin creams following single and repeated topical application in healthy volunteers.

A double-blind, randomized phase I study was performed in 21 healthy volunteers to evaluate the dermal tolerance of skin creams containing 1% and 2% 1-[(2-fluorophenyl)(4-fluorophenyl)phenylmethyl]-1H-imidazole (flutrimazole, UR-4056, CAS 119006-77-8) or only the excipient, versus a commercial skin cream containing 1% clotrimazole. The study was carried out using the patch-test procedure performed in three stages: 1. single application in the back skin; 2. induction period (usage test) using three skin areas on the volar side of the forearm of each subject, where skin cream samples were applied once a day for a period of three weeks; and 3. after a wash-out period of two weeks, challenge applications in the back and forearm skin. The systemic tolerance of the formulations was also tested. There was no evidence of allergic sensitization after the application of flutrimazole creams, or their excipients, with signs of mild and doubtful skin reactions being observed in few subjects with all formulations. Furthermore, no systemic side effects after topical administration were detected throughout the study.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1992

Pyoderma gangrenosum in association with erythema elevatum diutinum: report of two cases.

We report on the appearance of centrifugally spreading ulcers with undermined borders in two patients with chronic recurrent erythema elevatum diutinum controlled with dapsone. The ulcerated lesions were consistent on clinical and pathologic examination with the diagnosis of pyoderma gangrenosum. They eventually responded to treatment with oral corticosteroids. The addition of cyclosporine was required in one case. No associated disease was found in any of the patients. The possible pathophysiological mechanisms of this uncommon association are reviewed.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1990

[Subcutaneous nodules and sensitivity to aluminum in patients undergoing hyposensitivity immunotherapy].

Hypersensitivity reactions to aluminium are very rate. Sensitization has been reported to occur during continuous application of aluminium-containing antiperspirants or by aluminium adjuvants in vaccines and hyposensitization immunotherapy. We report 5 patients who developed persistent and itching subcutaneous nodules following immunotherapy. Histologically, the nodules showed a granulomatous reaction consistent with delayed hypersensitivity to aluminium. Patch tests with 2% aluminium chloride in water were positive in three patients, and positive results of patch test with other metals (nickel, cobalt) were frequently associated.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Erythroderma due to ribostamycin.

A 48-year-old man became erythrodermatous after intramuscular administration of ribostamycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic in the same family as neomycin. Patch tests were positive to ribostamycin and neomycin, as well as to mercurials. There was no mercurial preservative in the injection solution. A lymphocyte transformation test was positive for ribostamycin and tobramycin, but not for gentamycin. Diagnostic and structure-activity relationship aspects of the case are discussed.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1988

Childhood self-healing histiocytosis X.

A 6-month-old boy had histiocytosis X limited to the skin and oral mucosa, which regressed spontaneously over a period of six months. We review the subsets of autoinvolutive histiocytosis X with special emphasis on the dermatologic manifestations. Childhood self-healing histiocytosis X is a benign condition that should be differentiated from self-healing reticulohistiocytosis (Hashimoto-Pritzker type).

Age Factors↗
PubMed1988

Erythema gyratum atrophicans transiens neonatale: a variant of cutaneous neonatal lupus erythematosus.

We cared for a patient with neonatal lupus erythematosus with cutaneous and hepatic involvement that was clinically and histologically indistinguishable from erythema gyratum atrophicans transiens neonatale, an entity described by Gianotti and Ermacora in 1975, which we consider to be a subtype of cutaneous neonatal lupus erythematosus. The differential diagnosis of any annular erythema in the newborn requires careful clinicopathologic evaluation, with direct immunofluorescence studies and determination of anti-Ro/SS-A, anti-La/SS-B, and anti-nRNP antibodies in both the baby and the mother.

Age Factors↗