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Biomedical subjects

A Alkalay

Publications and source records attributed to A Alkalay.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Noma in a full-term neonate.

Noma is an uncommon gangrenous process usually affecting malnourished children. A full-term neonate with orofacial noma, bilateral choanal atresia, and transient neutropenia with B cell deficiency is reported. This unusual appearance of noma in a well-nourished newborn might be related to the combination of choanal atresia and transient immune deficiency.

Agranulocytosis↗
PubMed1985

Cholecalciferol metabolites in polycythemic newborns.

Metabolites of cholecalciferol were measured in the sera of healthy and polycythemic newborns at 15.5 and 10.5 h of age (median), respectively. The serum concentrations of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D were lower in the polycythemic group (P less than 0.003 and P less than 0.001, respectively). As the kidney is the main site of conversion of 25-hydroxyvitamin D to its dihydroxylated metabolites, it is possible that hyperviscosity and subsequent decrease in renal blood flow interfere with the efficiency of the process.

24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3↗
PubMed1985

Levan-induced glomerulitis in rabbits: a possible role for direct complement activation in situ.

Since high-molecular-weight levan is known to reduce capillary permeability to large molecules, an experiment was designed to investigate whether this agent may attenuate the glomerulonephritis associated with acute serum sickness in rabbits. The study, in fact, demonstrated an enhancing effect of levan, which caused increased glomerular proliferative changes and leucocyte infiltration and, possibly, increased IgG deposition in this experimental model. In addition, rabbits injected only with levan also demonstrated mild glomerulitis and C3 deposition. In one of four rabbits examined, this was accompanied by a marked fall in the serum level of total haemolysing complement. Levan was demonstrated to cause activation of complement when incubated with normal rabbit serum in vitro. We believe that these findings are best explained on the basis of complement activation in situ by levan in the glomeruli, probably via the alternative pathway, with the resulting inflammatory response. In the case of BSA-injected rabbits, this response is believed to be additive to that of the classical immune complex-mediated complement activation.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Production of the hydroxylated metabolites of vitamin D in a neonate with a single hypoplastic-dysplastic kidney.

The ability to produce dihydroxylated metabolites of vitamin D was studied in a term neonate suffering from severe renal insufficiency. The infant died at age 26 days owing to end-stage renal failure and the necropsy examination showed a single dysplastic kidney weighing 1.5 g. At age 2 weeks the serum levels of the dihydroxylated metabolites of vitamin D were found to be normal and a pronounced increase was noted 24 hours after injection of 100 000 IU vitamin D2. The study suggests that during the neonatal period a small renal mass is sufficient to maintain optimal circulating levels of the dihydroxylated metabolites of vitamin D.

Dihydroxycholecalciferols↗
PubMed1983

Parathyroid hormone secretion and responsiveness to parathyroid hormone in primary hypomagnesemia.

Parathyroid function was studied in two infant sisters with primary hypomagnesemia while they were both hypomagnesemic and hypocalcemic. In one of the infants, plasma immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (iPTH) was elevated, the calcemic response to exogenous parathyroid hormone (PTH) was absent, and the phosphaturic response was normal. Restoration of serum magnesium with i.v. magnesium corrected the hypocalcemia, with no further rise of plasma iPTH. In the other infant, plasma iPTH was undetectable, and exogenous PTH produced both phosphaturic and calcemic responses. Normalization of serum magnesium with i.v. magnesium resulted in a prompt release of endogenous PTH and correction of the hypocalcemia. These findings suggest that, in the first patient, hypocalcemia was associated with lack of response of the bone to both endogenous and exogenous PTH, while in the second patient, hypocalcemia was associated with inhibition of PTH release and a normal calcemic response to exogenous PTH. The factors that determine whether magnesium deficiency will result in inhibition of PTH release, in a lack of response of the bone to endogenous and exogenous PTH, or both, remain to be clarified.

Female↗
PubMed1981

Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn.

A case of subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn is described. Severe perinatal asphyxia preceded the appearance of the skin lesions. Premature rupture of membranes and the presence of foul-smelling meconium raised the possibility of infection by anaerobes as an additional etiologic factor. The main hypotheses concerning the cause and pathogenesis of this condition are reviewed. The alarming clinical picture that stands in sharp contrast to the benign prognosis is stressed.

Adipose Tissue↗