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Biomedical subjects

A Ahonen

Publications and source records attributed to A Ahonen.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Radionuclide diagnosis of venous angioma.

Venous angioma is a rare vascular anomaly of the central nervous system. Pathologically, it resembles arteriovenous malformation, but the vascular changes are seen only in the veins. In the present case, the lesion was seen better with dynamic rather than static radionuclide examination. In a computerized dynamic study, the circulation time in the lesion was significantly prolonged compared with the circulation time in the symmetrical area of the contralateral hemisphere. The peak of the time-activity curve also appeared later in the lesion area than in the symmetrical contralateral area. Thus the use of the computerized gamma camera is useful in the diagnosis of venous angioma and the method seems to have some differential diagnostic possibilities.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The effect of ICI 74,917 on asthma and bronchial provocation tests.

A study was made of the protective action of the anti-allergic drug ICI 74,917, a phenanthroline derivative, in specific allergen provocation tests and in combating clinical symptoms in thirteen asthmatic out-patients. It was found that ICI 74,917 was able to diminish allergen-induced bronchoconstriction significantly (P less than 0.01) during both the placebo period and during chronic treatment with ICI 74,917 for 4 weeks. The results obtained during these two periods did not differ significantly. There was not, however, any statistically significant difference in the symptom scores or PEF rates during the treatment with ICI 74,917 or placebo for 1 month. This may indicate that although ICI 74,197 is able to prevent bronchoconstriction in an allergen provocation test, it failed to improve asthma clinically. No signs of the phenomenon of tachyphylaxis were observed in the present study. The Student's t-test was used in the statistical analysis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Measurement of reference values for certain proteins in cerebrospinal fluid.

Reference values are presented for certain cerebrospinal fluid proteins and related indexes, based on determinations carried out on 46 patients with diffuse lower back pain using radial immunodiffusion and electroimmunoassay. A sex difference was noted in total protein and albumin values. The electroimmunoassay method with its sensitivity enhanced by the use of Coomassie Blue staining and optimal antiserum concentrations enabled a reference value to be determined for IgA in cerebrospinal fluid.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

An intravenous isotope method for measuring regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and volume (rCBV).

The regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), intial slope index (ISI), transfer time (th) and volume (rCBV) were measured simultaneously in 43 hospital patients using a 133Xe intravenous injection method and quantitative dynamic 99Tcm brain scintigraphy. The measurements were made with a gamma camera and the data processing interfaced with a small digital computer. The following mean values and standard deviations were obtained from 50 control hemispheres standardized to the age of 40 years: (formular): see article. Good agreement was found between the blood flow values determined from the intra-arterial and intravenous injection techniques.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Paneth cells in experimental amyloidosis.

The effect of experimental amyloidosis on the morphology of the Paneth cells of the mouse was investigated by using light and fluorescence microscopy. Amyloidosis was induced by daily subcutaneous casein injections for 4 weeks. It was found that the number of secretory granules of the Paneth cells increased in the jejunum, but remained normal in the duodenum. Small morphological alterations took place in the Paneth cells during the induction of amyloidosis, and occasionally the Paneth cells were totally lost. These changes suggest that the function of the Paneth cells of the jejunum may be partly inhibited during experimental amyloidosis.

Amyloidosis↗
PubMed1977

A simple and rapid non-invasive radioisotope method to determine ventricular ejection fractions and cardiopulmonary transit times.

Ejection fractions and cardiopulmonary transit times were measured in 20 hospital patients by means of intravenously injected 99mTc-radiocardiography. Time activity curves from the regions of the whole heart, superior vena cava, right atrium, right ventricle, right lung, left atrium and left ventricle were drawn and analyzed by using the modified gamma function fitting method. The comparison between the ejection fractions determined from the whole heart curves and those from the ventricular curves shows a correlation coefficient of 0.93 for the right ventricle and of 0.90 for the left, although there was a systematic difference between the determinations. The analysis of the single ventricular curves gave about 10% higher values than those obtained from the whole heart curves. The cardiopulmonary parameters measured from the whole heart curves for 16 normal subjects the following results gave: right ventricular ejection fraction=0.57+/-0.08 left ventricular ejection fraction=0.62+/-0.08 pulmonary mean transit time=6.1+/-1.1 heart-beats intracardiac mean transit time=10.5+/-1.8 heart-beats right/left ventricular volume=1.10+/-0.09 These values agree closely with the data accumulated using more elaborate methods. The method presented here is simple to perform, it is non-invasive, time-saving, inexpensive, easy to analyze and suitable for exercising subjects and for bed-side measurements. Data assembly and analysis are easily automated so that results are obtainable immediately after measurements.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Electrocardiographic changes in massive pulmonary embolism. I. Analysis of the changes in P wave and QRS complex.

A retrospective analysis of ECG changes during lung embolism has been made in 35 patients (16 male, 19 female) who died of massive lung embolism. The presence of lung embolism or infarct was confirmed at autopsy. According to the ECG the mean heart rate increased from 91 to 106. The amplitude of the P wave increased in leads I, II, III and aVL and decreased in all precordial leads. A small increase in the O wave occurred in leads II, III, aVF, V1, V2 and V6. Only a small decrease in the R wave occurred in leads I, II and aVL. A small increase in the S wave occurred in leads I, II, V2-V6 when compared with the controls. None of the differences was, however, statistically significant.

Electrocardiography↗
PubMed1977

Electrocardiographic changes in massive pulmonary embolism. II. Analysis of the changes in ST segment and T wave.

A retrospective analysis of the changes in ST segment and T wave has been made in 35 patients (16 male, 19 female) with massive pulmonary embolism in whom the diagnosis was confirmed at autopsy. Parameters of the last two ECGs available were measured and compared. It was found that during massive pulmonary embolism the most characteristic abnormalities were a decrease in ST segment, which took place in about 70% in leads I and V5-V6. Another common change was the inversion of the T wave, which took place in 43% in aVF, and in 37% in lead II. None of the changes, however, was statistically significant.

Electrocardiography↗
PubMed1976

Electron microscopical and enzyme histochemical changes in the rat myocardium during prolonged autolysis.

The effect on rat myocardium of autolysis at 19 degrees C, for up to 20 days, was studied by electron microscopy and enzyme histochemistry. The enzymes studied included monoamine oxidase (MAO), sytochrome oxidase (CytO), non-specific esterase ((Ns.E.), phosphorylase (P-ase), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and various NAD- and NADP-linked dehydrogenases. The myocardium lost its histochemical P-ase activity within a few hours of autolysis, whereas the activity of all other enzymes remained quite normal for at least about 4 days, except that of MAO and SDH, which were normal for about 8 and 12 days, respectively. The myocardial cells lost activity of various enzymes in a patchy manner during prolonged autolysis and practically all histochemical enzyme activity disappeared within 20 days. The early period of autolysis was accompanied by rapid ultrastructural changes of myocardial cells. During prolonged autolysis the gross architecture of the myocardium was lost gradually by the 12th to 20th days. Mitochondria were the organelles most resistant to the effects of autolysis, and numerous mitochondria with morphologically solid inner and outer membranes were seen among the totally disintegrated myocardium 20 days after death. The loss of P-ase activity coincided with the loss of glycogen. The loss of MAO, SDH and CytO activities was not closely related to the morphological preservation of mitochondria, but, in accordance with other enzymes, was more closely related to the disintegration of the over-all myocardial structure. The present results showed that the architecture of the myocardium, and especially that of the mitochondria, was surprisingly resistant to the effects of autolysis at room temperature. Also several enzymes of the myocardium other than those examined so far maintained quite stable histochemically demonstrable activity during prolonged autolysis. These observations give support to the possibility of making the diagnosis of myocardial infarction at postmortem more accurate than with the present morphological and histochemical routine methods.

Alcohol Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1976

Enterochromaffin cells in macrophages in ulcerative colitis and irritable colon.

Rectal biopsies from 6 patients with ulcerative colitis, 6 patients with irritable colon and 9 control patients were studied by formaldehyde-induced fluorescence after freeze-drying and Epon embedding. The mean number of enterochromaffin cells per crypt was higher in the patients with irritable colon whereas the patients with ulcerative colitis had fewer enterochromaffin cells than the controls. There was an abundance of enterochromaffin cells in 5 of the 6 cases of irritable colon. Various types of autofluorescent granules were visible in the cytoplasm of the macrophages.

Cell Count↗
PubMed1975

Effects of glucagon and insulin on the Paneth cells of the mouse duodenum.

The effect of glucagon and insulin on the paneth cells (PC) of the duodenum of the mouse was investigated using light microscopy. Both glucagon and insulin were able to increase significantly the number of the secretory granules of PC. This possibly means that these hormones are capable of inhibiting the secretion of PC.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Effects of myocardial infarction on adrenergic nerves of the rat heart muscle, a histochemical study.

The anterior branch of the left coronary artery of the rat heart was ligated and the effects of anoxia on adrenergic nerves were studied histochemically using formaldehyde-induced fluorescence for localization of norepinephrine. Greenish catecholamine fluorescence was associated in the normal or infarcted myocardium only with adrenergic nerves. Constant but not prominent changes were seen in adrenergic nerve fibers 2 or 4 h after ligation of the coronary artery; the number of dilicate adrenergic fibers was reduced and some diffusion of the histochemical reaction was seen in small areas of the infarcted myocardium. Strong effects of anoxia were seen 8 h or more after ligation of the coronary artery. These were characterized by a prominent diffusion of the histochemical reaction and gradual disappearance of adrenergic structures in 2 to 4 days of anoxia. During the healing phase the appearance of numerous adrenergic nerve fibers was closely connected with the ingrowth of a new vascular bed into the infarction area. The observations indicate that adrenergic nervous structures of the myocardium resist the effects of anoxia, which may indicate the viability of sympathetic nerves in the infarcted area during long periods of anoxia.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Arteriosclerotic and other degenerative heart diseases in Finland. I. A death certificate study of the frequency of degenerative heart diseases among males and females.

All available information recorded on the death certificates of 12973 Finnish persons who, according to the official Finnish mortality statistics, died in 1968 from arteriosclerotic and other degenerative heart diseases (ADHD, rubrics 420-422 in ICD) comprised the material of the present study. The mortality of males from ADHD analysed by age and place of residence was very high when compared with various national rates of international WHO statistics. The degree of urbanization of the domicile did not have any statistically significant effect on the mortality from ADHD. Significant differences between various provinces were found in the mortality of males from ADHD. The male population living in the eastern provinces of Finland showed a highly significantly higher mortality from degenerative heart diseases than the male population living on the west coast. A highly significant difference was found in mortality between various subgroups of the Finnish male and female populations analysed by age, place of residence, and type of community. The uniform difference between the mortality of various male and female subgroups of the Finnish population, which was obtained using the present statistical survey of death certificates, and the fairly uniform distribution of high rate of mortality of males from degenerative heart diseases in most regions of the country lend further support to the reliability of cause-of-death statistics, since certification of deaths can then be regarded to occur uniformly and with about the same accuracy in different parts of the country.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Arteriosclerotic and other degenerative heart diseases in Finland. II. A death certificate study of the examination of the cause of death from degenerative heart diseases.

A statistical survey of death certificates was made to analyse the ante-mortem and post-mortem medical and medico-legal examinations used in the determination of the cause of death of 12973 decedents who were recorded officially to have died of arteriosclerotic and other degenerative heart diseases in Finland in 1968. The relationship between the regional autopsy rate and the rate of mortality from degenerative heart diseases was studied in particular. The survey indicated that there was no systematic relationship between the type of ante-mortem and post-mortem cause-of-death examinations, including medical and medico-legal autopsies, and the rate of mortality from arteriosclerotic and other degenerative heart diseases in various groups of the Finnish population analysed by age, sex and domicile. This was concluded to be an indication of the reliability of Finnish cause-of-death statistics of degenerative heart diseases which show a generally high rate of mortality and prominent regional differences in the rate of deaths from those diseases among the Finnish male population.

Adult↗