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Biomedical subjects

A Adams

Publications and source records attributed to A Adams.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Dimer-size DNA circles in a leukemic cell immortalized with the Epstein-Barr virus.

The intracellular state of the 30 viral genome equivalents of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA carried in latent form by the CII cell line, established from a chronic lymphocytic leukemia patient, has been partially characterized. The CII line, which has markers confirming its tumor origin, extends the analysis of the intracellular state of EBV DNA to include other, non-Burkitt lymphoid tumor cells. Monomer-size, free, circular EBV genomes, the major intracellular viral DNA species in other EBV-transformed cells, were absent or present in only minor amounts. Instead, EBV DNA sequences were found associated with a circular DNA form twice the size of the 110 x 10(6) Mr EBV genome. Though circular dimers of mtDNA have been found exclusively in human leukemic lymphocytes, the CII line is similar to normal cells in having only monomer-size mtDNA molecules, which can occur either singly or as catenated forms of two or more interlocking 5-micrometer mtDNA circles.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1982

Minor physical anomalies in alcoholic and schizophrenic adults and hyperactive and autistic children.

Minor physical anomalies occur with increased frequency in retarded, hyperactive, and autistic children, which suggests the effects of genetic influences or a toxic early uterine environment. The author's findings concur with previously published reports concerning hyperactive and autistic children. Extending these studies to adult patients, they found an increased incidence of minor physical anomalies in schizophrenic adults. Alcoholic adults did not have a greater number of anomalies than normal adults, but the distribution among alcoholics appeared to be bimodal, suggesting heterogeneity within this group.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Roles of the CDC24 gene product in cellular morphogenesis during the Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell cycle.

Temperature-sensitive yeast mutants defective in gene CDC24 continued to grow (i.e., increase in cell mass and cell volume) at restrictive temperature (36 degrees C) but were unable to form buds. Staining with the fluorescent dye Calcofluor showed that the mutants were also unable to form normal bud scars (the discrete chitin rings formed in the cell wall at budding sites) at 36 degrees C; instead, large amounts of chitin were deposited randomly over the surfaces of the growing unbudded cells. Labeling of cell-wall mannan with fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated concanavalin A suggested that mannan incorporation was also delocalized in mutant cells grown at 36 degrees C. Although the mutants have well-defined execution points just before bud emergence, inactivation of the CDC24 gene product in budded cells led both to selective growth of mother cells rather than of buds and to delocalized chitin deposition, indicating that the CDC24 gene product functions in the normal localization of growth in budded as well as in unbudded cells. Growth of the mutant strains at temperatures less than 36 degrees C revealed allele-specific differences in behavior. Two strains produced buds of abnormal shape during growth at 33 degrees C. Moreover, these same strains displayed abnormal localization of budding sites when growth at 24 degrees C (the normal permissive temperature for the mutants); in each case, the abnormal pattern of budding sites segregated with the temperature sensitivity in crosses. Thus, the CDC24 gene product seems to be involved in selection of the budding site, formation of the chitin ring at that site, the subsequent localization of new cell wall growth to the budding site and the growing bud, and the balance between tip growth and uniform growth of the bud that leads to the normal cell shape.

Cell Wall↗
PubMed1981

Early treadmill testing and coronary arteriography after myocardial infarction.

Thirteen male patients underwent early symptom-limited treadmill testing and coronary arteriography after their first myocardial infarction. All were functional class I at the time of evaluation, and none sustained any complications. Of five patients with a negative treadmill test, two had single-vessel disease, one had double-vessel disease, and two had triple-vessel disease. Two had elective aortocoronary bypass surgery, and three remained asymptomatic during a one-year follow-up. Eight patients had a positive test. From this group, one had single-vessel disease, one had double-vessel disease, and six had triple-vessel disease, including two with stenosis of the left main coronary artery. Four had aortocoronary bypass surgery, two died suddenly, progressive angina developed in one, and one remained asymptomatic. Early treadmill testing and coronary angiography in asymptomatic survivors of their first myocardial infarction is safe and extremely valuable in identifying patients with critical multivessel coronary artery disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The biochemical consequences of cardiopulmonary bypass surgery in children.

The changes in serum enzyme activities after successful and uncomplicated cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery in children are described. After maximum serum enzyme activities were attained, they thereafter declined steadily without any secondary peaks of activity, to be at or near normal activities by the seventh day after surgery. The possible sources and mechanisms of enzyme leakage from tissues after CPB are discussed. The concentration of some physiologically important constituents were determined in pump prime fluids and in the common circulation on bypass. The consequences of haemodilution on small children were undesirably reduced concentrations of magnesium, calcium and albumin, and this state persisted for some days after the end of bypass. Some possible implications of such unphysiological pump primes are discussed. We suggest that ASp AT, Ala AT, CK-MB, magnesium, calcium and urea should be routinely monitored for the first four days after surgery.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1979

Sites of sequence variability in Epstein-Barr virus DNA from different sources.

The intracellular Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA present in virus-transformed cells was partly purified from 23 cell lines or biopsies of Burkitt lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, infectious mononucleosis, or healthy carrier origin. Such DNA was cleaved in fragments (A-K) of molecular weights between 1 x 10(6) and 30 x 10(6) with restriction enzyme EcoRI, and these fragments were analyzed by standard methods involving agarose gel electrophoresis, transfer to nitrocellulose filters, and hybridization with radioactive EBV DNA or complementary RNA. Sequence variability among different EBV DNA isolates was largely confined to the A, C, and I fragments. These results are discussed in relation to the linkage map of the EcoRI fragments of EBV DNA. The EcoRI cleavage pattern of intracellular viral DNA of an EBV-like virus from baboon cells, Herpesvirus papio, was entirely different from that of human EBV isolates.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Intracellular state of Epstein-Barr virus DNA in producer cell lines.

The physical state of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA in three cell lines which spontaneously produce virus has been characterized. Circular EBV DNA molecules have been found in P3HR-I, B95-8 and M8I cells. The size of the intracellular M8I circular EBV DNA molecules is comparable with the linear virus genome isolated from virus particles but the circular P3HR-I and B95-8 DNA molecules are shorter than the virion DNA . In addition to the circular form, some EBV DNA with physical properties indicative of integrated sequences was found in all three producer cell lines. There was no marked change in the amount of either the circular or integrated forms of EBV DNA when these producer cell lines were grown in the presence of phosphonacetic acid to suppress the spontaneous virus production which occurs in a small percentage of the cells in untreated cultures.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Size of the intracellular circular Epstein-Barr virus DNA molecules in infectious mononucleosis-derived human lymphoid cell lines.

The size of non-integrated circular Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA molecules isolated from seven different human lymphoblastoid cell lines of infectious mononucleosis origin has been determined by sedimentation analysis and by direct contour length measurements on electron micrographs. Six lines had intracellular circular EBV genomes of the same size as linear virion DNA molecules. The seventh line, established with the B95-8 strain of EBV, was the only one found to have circular EBV DNA molecules significantly smaller than virion DNA. The data show that intracellular EBV DNA circles of reduced size do not generally occur in infectious mononucleosis-derived cell lines.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1978

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate excretion in urine of patients and carriers of congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.

Urinary excretion of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is assessed in response to pitressin stimulation in three patients with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, four carriers and seven controls. There is no significant difference in cAMP excretion between these groups when corrected for surface area, nor is there any significant increase in excretion after pitressin stimulation. There is very close correlation between urinary cAMP and both urinary concentration and urinary creatinine excretion. Urinary cAMP after pitressin stimulation does not discriminate between carriers of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus and control subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

State of Epstein-Barr virus DNA in an American Burkitt's lymphoma line.

A human lymphoma cell line, positive for the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated nuclear antigen, was recently established from a North American Burkitt's lymphoma. This cell line, SU-AmB-2, contained EBV DNA both in the form of circular, nonintegrated DNA molecules of viral genome length, present in multiple copies per cell, and as integrated sequences. Having DNA present in both of these forms, it resembled cell lines established from African Burkitt's lymphomas. In studies on EBV strain differences, the episomal viral DNA in Burkitt's lymphoma cells may now be compared with viral DNA in nonmalignant cells with the use of cell lines from Burkitt's lymphoma patients of similar geographic origin.

Africa, Eastern↗