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Biomedical subjects

A Abrahamov

Publications and source records attributed to A Abrahamov.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Absence of natural killer cells in a child with pure red blood cell aplasia.

A 16-year old boy was known to suffer from red blood cell (RBC) aplasia from the age of 4 years. Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from the patient were found to lack natural killer (NK) cytotoxic activity, even after stimulation with alpha-interferon. His PBL also lacked Leu-7+ and Leu-11+ cells, although his granulocytes showed normal expression of the Leu-11 marker. The lack of NK cells did not seem to result from the various immunosuppressive treatments he received, since the NK deficiency was noted 2 years after he stopped receiving such treatment. The possibility is discussed that lack of NK cells may lead to the development of RBS aplasia if NK cells play a role in promoting the production of RBC.

Antigens, Surface↗
PubMed1989

Natural course of atrial septal aneurysm in children and the potential for spontaneous closure of associated septal defect.

Atrial septum aneurysm (ASA), usually involving the region of the fossa ovalis, has rarely been described in children. In this study, the incidence and natural course of this anomaly were prospectively evaluated in 3,500 children referred for echocardiographic examination. ASA was found in 35 patients, 19 female and 16 male (1.0%). Patients were 6 years of age or younger at the time of diagnosis and 18 were neonates. None of the 750 children with normal echocardiograms had ASA. The most common associated lesion was atrial septal defect (ASD), which occurred in 24 of the 35 patients (69%). Other associated cardiac lesions were ventricular septal defect in 10, pulmonary stenosis in 5, patient ductus arteriosus in 4 and coarctation or interruption of the aorta with subaortic membrane in 2. No clinical complications were associated with ASA. Six patients with complex heart disease died. When associated with ASD, the direction of the ASA motion and that of the shunt found by Doppler echocardiography were similar. Fourteen patients with ASD were followed for 0.5 to 4 years. In 8 the ASD closed and in 6 the ASA disappeared. In 6 patients the ASD and ASA persisted until the end of the follow-up (p less than 0.01). Thus, the incidence of ASA in children in this series was higher than previously presumed and usually was associated with other cardiac anomalies, mainly ASD. In children, ASA tends to disappear with age and may have a role in spontaneous closure of associated ASD.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1987

Impaired kinetic properties of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase as a cause of uric acid nephropathy in early infancy.

A 6-month-old infant presented with failure to thrive, hyperuricaemia and renal insufficiency. The hyperuricaemia was due to uric acid over-production. The level of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT) activity was found to be normal. However, a two-fold increase in the Km of the enzyme to hypoxanthine as well as in the Vmax values was observed. It seems therefore, that in cases of uric acid over-production, screening tests of HGPRT activity may be insufficient and additional kinetic properties of the enzyme should be tested.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1986

Medical problems in Ethiopian refugees airlifted to Israel: experience in 131 patients admitted to a general hospital.

Within a 2 month period 131 Ethiopian immigrants were admitted for treatment at a general hospital in Jerusalem. There were 52 patients with malaria, 13 with typhoid fever, 24 with pneumonia, seven with tuberculosis, nine with shigella and 11 with campylobacter. Over three-quarters of these patients were anaemic. In the majority of cases anaemia was normocytic and was most probably secondary to malaria and other intercurrent infections. The prevalence of diffuse non-toxic goitre was 7% in children and 19% in adults with a male to female ratio of 4:13. A positive rapid plasma reagin (RPR) test was found in 4% of sera tested and a positive HBsAg in 13%. IgG antibodies to HBc antigen were found in 75% of subjects. All patients with infectious diseases responded to therapy and, despite their poor condition at arrival, there were no fatalities and no late sequelae. The high HBsAg carrier state calls attention to the risk of vertical transmission by infected mothers and underlines the need for active immunization of infants at risk. The high prevalence of untreated tuberculosis and malaria poses a potential public health hazard, but with the current systematic screening of this population leading to identification and effective treatment of affected subjects, chances for the practical eradication of malaria and tuberculosis are excellent. Finally, the large scale transfer of a population from rural Africa to a modern and largely urban society presents a unique opportunity for a prospective study of the impact of environment on the emergence of diseases which plague modern society such as diabetes, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, hypertension and cancer.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Hyperglycemia].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome in a mother and her son.

The Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome--exomphalos, macroglossia and gigantism--occurred in a mother and her son. The clinical and metabolic features of this syndrome are described. We believe this is the first report of this syndrome affecting a mother and her son. An autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance is suggested.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1977

Propionic acidemia and anorectal anomalies in three siblings.

Three siblings suffering from recurrent vomiting, hypotonia, hyperpnea, dehydration, and ketoacidosis were diagnosed as having ketotic hyperglycinemia secondary to propionic acidemia. They also had leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, and two of them had anorectal malformations, one an imperforate anus with rectoperineal fistula, and the other an ectopic anus. The occurrence of propionic acidemia and anorectal anomalies in three siblings out of eight children in a consanguineous marriage suggests an autosomal recessive genetic inheritance.

Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors↗
PubMed1975

Inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion in an infant with severe pneumonia.

A 6-week-old boy with severe pneumonia developed hyponatremia as a result of the syndrome of inapropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). Cerebral edema and seizures occurred after administration of fluids and diuretics. Fluid restriction and resolution of the pneumonia corrected the severe electrolyte imbalance. The possibility of SIADH should be considered in cases of severe and resistant pneumonia in infancy.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prostaglandins in disorders of the intestinal tract: a review.

Prostaglandins (PGs) are natural oxygenated products of polyunsaturated fatty acids. They have multiple effects on the gastrointestinal tract. Their major physiological roles in the intestine are the promotion of solute and water secretion and the control of bowel motility. Prostaglandins have a role in the pathogenesis of diarrhea in a wide spectrum of gastrointestinal disorders. The effects and the potential contribution of PGs in various gastrointestinal disorders are discussed, and therapeutic modalities in these disorders are reviewed.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hypercalcemia in acute lymphatic leukemia.

We report the case histories of 2 patients with a rapidly fatal form of acute lymphatic leukemia, who showed severe hypercalcemia during the acute phase of the disease. The pathogenetic mechanism of the hypercalcemia in these two cases was different. A short review of present day theories regarding the pathogenesis of tumor hypercalcemia is presented.

Child↗