Biomedical subjects

A Abiose

Publications and source records attributed to A Abiose.

42 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Ivermectin dosing based on physical appearance.

Ivermectin is a safe and effective microfilaricide which has been shown to have a beneficial impact on some onchocercal eye lesions. Current requirements for the distribution of ivermectin are that patients be weighed, and that their dose be determined according to their weight. This requirement increases the cost of distributing the drug to communities in need of treatment and, when scales breakdown, may lead to the suspension of distribution. Data are presented on a simple, alternative method of dose assessment based on the physical appearance of the patient. Fifteen assessors achieved an overall level of agreement with the weight-based schedule of 86% on a sample of 6420 patients. The level of agreement varied between assessors, from 73% to 95%. About 6% of the population would have received doses outside the range of the current weight-based schedule. We believe that the current insistence that each individual's dose of ivermectin be determined by weighing will hamper efforts to distribute the drug to those most in need of it and that our data indicate that workers can be trained to distribute ivermectin safely without weighing every individual. We would welcome confirmation of our findings from other populations.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring: technique and application in the study of cardiac dysfunction and congestive heart failure.

Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring has become a widely used method of blood pressure and heart rate evaluation in the free-living subject. Recently, ambulatory monitoring has become covered by Medicare for the evaluation of "white-coat" hypertension. Although the technique provides only intermittent readings throughout the 24-hour period, average blood pressures obtained in this way correlate well with a variety of hypertensive disease processes and are also a better prognostic marker for future cardiovascular events than office blood pressure. Ambulatory blood pressure averages also correlate well with indices of diastolic dysfunction. In patients with congestive cardiac failure and systolic dysfunction, ambulatory monitoring suggests an impaired circadian blood pressure profile with high nocturnal blood pressure. Further research is needed on the relationship between ambulatory blood pressure and cardiac dysfunction, as well as the impact of observed circadian blood pressure changes on outcome. (c)2001 CHF, Inc.

Journal Article↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Ocular findings in children with homozygous sickle cell anemia in Nigeria.

The ophthalmological findings in 91 Nigerian children with homozygous sickle cell anemia is reported. While the most constant sign was abnormality of the conjunctival vasculature, seen in 74(81%) of the patients, retinal lesions were found in a total of 53(58%) patients. Only tortuosity of major vessels was seen in some patients but several others had more than one type of retinal lesion.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Tuberculous panophthalmitis.

The case of a one-year-old Nigerian with tuberculous panophthalmitis is reported. He presented initially with a localised episceleral mass which was thought to be retinoblastoma due to rapid spread over the fundus induced by subconjunctival depromedrol. Histological examination of the enucleated eye showed that the lesion was due to tuberculosis. The subsequent favorable response of the ocular and radiological chest lesions to antituberculous therapy was quite remarkable. In contrast, there was an adverse response to radiotherapy which had followed enucleation on the strong suspicion of retinoblastoma. Not unnaturally, ocular tuberculosis was not thought of because of the rarity of ocular involvement with this disease. To our knowledge, this is the first case of its type reported from the African Continent.

Abscess↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Congenital sclerocornea in Nigerian children.

Four cases of congenital sclerocornea in Nigerian children are described. Two of these children are from the same family suggesting a genetical determination. A developmental anomaly with various manifestation and associated with other ocular abnormalities would appear to be the etiology. One of the cases also had extrophia vesicae, an association that has not been previously described.

Cornea↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The ocular health status of postprimary school children in Kaduna, Nigeria: report of a survey.

In a study of 5,220 postprimary school children in Nigeria, 10.36% had one or more ophthalmic defects requiring attention. The common problems encountered were conjuctivitis, refractive errors, and muscle imbalance, most of which were either intermittent or incomitant. Low degree myopia is common even though high myopia is not frequently seen. Old uveitis and corneal opacities were found to cause gross visual defects in some students and early macular degeneration was detected in nin students. The responsibility of the school medical officer in treating early infective cases and in referring other more complicated cases to hospital is emphasized.

Adolescent↗