Biomedical subjects

A Abid

Publications and source records attributed to A Abid.

86 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence of C282Y and H63D mutations in the haemochromatosis (HFE) gene in Tunisian population.

The studies of the HFE mutations: H63D and C282Y in North African populations have revealed the extreme rarity or even the absence of the C282Y mutation. We have examined 1140 chromosomes (570 Tunisian people) for the presence of the two HFE mutations by PCR-RFLP analysis. We have found that the allele frequencies are, respectively, 15.17% (+/-2.1%) for the H63D and 0.09% (+/-0.17%) for the C282Y. These results are consistent with the worldwide spread of the H63D mutation and the north European restriction of the C282Y. This study will be completed by determining whether homozygote trait for H63D and associated risk factors (beta thalassémia) can lead to iron overload in Tunisia.

Female↗

PubMedDate not supplied

HLA polymorphism in type 1 diabetes Tunisians.

Several studies of the association between HLA and type 1 diabetes have been carried out revealing differences between ethnic groups. Our study, as part of the studies that should be performed about this association in the rest of the word, aims at elucidating the HLA DRB1, DQB1 polymorphism in Tunisian type 1 diabetes. This study includes 43 unrelated type 1 diabetes patients, and their mean age at onset is less than 15 years. Analysis of the frequency of alleles and haplotypes in these subjects, compared to a reference group (n = 101) led to the following results. 1) The Tunisian insulin-dependent diabetics present similarities as well as differences with other ethnic groups (Caucasians, North Africans). 2) The haplotype DRB1*04 DQ*0302 and DRB1*03 DQB1*0201 is positively associated to type 1 diabetes. 3) The heterozygotic genotype DRB1*04 DQB1*0302 / DRB1*03 DQB1*0201 is strongly associated to type 1 diabetes. 4) The haplotypes DRB1*01501 DQB1*0602 and DRB1*11 DQB1*0301 proved to be protective. In addition, the study of the subtypes DRB1*04 showed that alleles DRB1*0405 predispose to type 1 diabetes, whereas the allele DRB1*0403, which is in linkage disequilibrium with the DQB1*0402 in the Tunisian population, has a protective effect.

Child↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Study on a focus of ascaridiasis in a locality of Cap Bon (Tunisia)].

The study of ascaridiasis in a single locality of the Cap Bon region (Tunisia) where prevalence of this helminthiasis is much higher than anywhere else in the region, shows that 71,1% of the population is infected and all ages approximately in the same proportion. This high prevalence can be explained by a cumulative effect of two transmission factors: a particular construction of houses, which have a kind of reservoir for organic wastes in direct connection with the street, and the use of human excrements in agriculture. Mass chemotherapy every 3 months during several consecutive years is proposed.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Experience with tissue heart valves.

Experience with tissue valves for heart valve replacement over the past seven years is presented and analyzed. Between February 1967 and March 1969, 87 patients had heart valves replaced with preserved heterologous aortic valves. Valve failure occurred in 19 of the 70 operative survivors. There are 45 long-term survivors with heterologous aortic valves; 10 have regurgitant murmurs and 35 have valves functioning normally. Microscopic examination of failed valves has shown that the heterologous aortic valve gradually becomes a mechanically vulnerable structure in a state of rejection. During the past five years. autologous and homologous fascia lata and heterologous pericardium, mounted on a support frame, were used in 241 patients (131 aortic, 103 mitral and seven tricuspid). The follow-up period for the fascia lata group was 40 to 62 months and for the pericardial group 7 to 39 months. There have been significant differences in valve function with regard to both the site of valve insertion and the type of tissue used. Pericardial valves in the aortic position have produced the best results and autologous fascial valves in the mitral position, the worst. Valve failure occurred in only six patients, all with autologous fascia in the mitral position. The incidence of thromboembolism in the entire series was very low even though anticoagulants were not used. Analysis of clinical and hemodynamic results has shown that preserved heterologous pericardium has the potential for an adequate heart valve substitute.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Atraumatic restorative treatment and glass ionomer sealants in Tunisian children: survival after 3 years.

We evaluated the survival rates of atraumatic restorative treatment restorations and of glass ionomer sealants after 3 years of usage in primary and permanent teeth in Tunisian children aged 3-15 years attending rural schools, and assessed the presence or absence of dental caries in the restored teeth. After an initial survey of 1949 children, 242 were selected and agreed to undergo treatment. The loss to follow-up after 3 years was about 40%. Of those evaluated, 45.73% of one-surface ART restorations in permanent teeth had survived, 54.96% of one-surface sealants in permanent teeth had survived and 27.85% of one-surface ART restorations in primary teeth had survived. Caries was found in only 19 teeth after 3 years.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Aortic valve replacement in children under 16 years of age with congenital or rheumatic valvular disease. A study of 64 cases.

Sixty-four children have had a single aortic valve replacement under 16 years of age, 50 for rheumatic disease (47) or bacterial endocarditis (3) (group I) and 14 for a congenital aortic valve lesion (group II), 38 were disk prostheses and 26 were ball prostheses. Associated procedures had to be performed 31 times, with widening of a small aortic annulus by a patch in 7 patients. The early mortality was 12.5%. Of 56 survivors, 55 were followed postoperatively for a mean period of 7 years (group I: 44, group II: 11). Forty of the 55 patients were anticoagulated (correctly maintained in only 24 patients), 15 were not anticoagulated. A high rate of late complications was observed. Thrombo-embolic accidents in 5 patients with inefficient anticoagulant treatment, 2 haemorrhagic episodes, 7 prosthetic leaks; specific problems related to this group of young patients were: recurrence of rheumatic fever with increasing severity of mitral valve disease requiring mitral valve replacement in 5 patients and outgrowth of the prosthesis, which affected 7 patients; this complication is the result of either fibrous deposit around the valve annulus or such a small annulus that the surgeon could only implant a small prosthesis. Ten patients required 11 reoperations for various reasons. The main reason for reoperation was mitral valve replacement for worsening of mitral valve disease caused by recurrence of rheumatic fever. A high late mortality 10/55 (18%) was noted. The main cause of death was a perivalvular leak (5); 1 late death was caused by a stenotic number 17 Björk-Shiley valve.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied