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Biomedical subjects

A A Stone

Publications and source records attributed to A A Stone.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Law, science, and psychiatric malpractice: a response to Klerman's indictment of psychoanalytic psychiatry.

The Osheroff litigation, which is central to Klerman's paper, ended in an out-of-court settlement. The author states that there is no legal precedent for the so-called right to effective treatment and that the case history was a much more complicated clinical scenario than Klerman reports. He concludes that there is neither in the law nor in the clinical facts a sound or certain basis for Klerman's conclusions or for the sweeping policy reforms and standardized clinical procedures he urges. Although they are directed against traditional psychoanalytic psychiatrists, Klerman's proposals could have serious consequences for the innovation, diversity, and independent thought essential to scientific progress in psychiatry.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Event content in a daily survey is differentially associated with concurrent mood.

Daily life events were grouped according to their life content area and according to the desirability of the event as rated by the subject. Associations among event groupings and concurrently measured daily mood were examined. As in studies of major life events, some event classifications were more strongly associated with mood than were others: Specifically, desirable family-leisure events and undesirable work events were strongly related to mood. The results suggests that particular life areas deserve special attention in understanding environmental stress.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Evidence that secretory IgA antibody is associated with daily mood.

In this study, we examined the secretory immune system, the body's first line of defense against invading organisms, and its relation to daily fluctuations of mood. Specifically, secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) was studied. Unlike other psychoimmunity studies that examined all sIgA protein regardless of specificity to invading organisms, ours examined an antigen-specific sIgA response to the oral administration of a harmless protein (rabbit albumin) and monitored the antibody produced in response to the protein. Dental students recorded their daily mood thrice weekly for 8 1/3 weeks, and parotid saliva was obtained from subjects during these contacts. Using a within-subjects analyses strategy, we found that antibody response was lower on days with high negative mood relative to days with lower negative mood, and conversely, sIgA antibody response was higher on days with high positive mood relative to days with lower positive mood. Results from total sIgA protein were in the opposite direction, although not significantly so. These results extend our knowledge of immunological changes and mood, and they suggest that minor life events' role in health may be mediated by the secretory immune system.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Changes in daily event frequency precede episodes of physical symptoms.

Although numerous reports show a direct relationship between life stress and various physical and psychological symptoms, methodological shortcomings have limited the significance of these studies. We present data from a prospective investigation of daily life experiences to provide more convincing evidence about this relationship. Undesirable events increased and desirable events decreased in frequency three to four days prior to the onset of an episode of symptoms. This finding and other physiological reports suggest mediation of this effect by suppression of secretory IgA.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1987

Secretory IgA as a measure of immunocompetence.

The field of psychoimmunology has rapidly expanded in recent years and various parameters of the immune system have been examined in relation to psychological factors. The secretory immune system is one of the more interesting aspects of the entire immune system because it protects mucosal membranes from invading organisms. Stress-produced changes in secretory immunoglobulin A (s-IgA) as measured by radial immunodiffusion assays have been reported in several studies. We present three reasons why total s-IgA protein, the measure derived from radial immunodiffusion assays, may not be a reasonable measure of immune system functioning, and we suggest an alternative method for examining secretory IgA that focuses on s-IgA antibody response to a novel antigen.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Triggers or aggravators of symptoms?

This study attempts to replicate and extend the associations reported by Verbrugge among negative events, bad mood and symptoms. Employing the same symptomatology measure used in that study, but with more comprehensive event and mood questionnaires, we essentially replicated the same-day and lagged relationships reported by Verbrugge. One difference, however, was that undesirable events were a stronger predictor of symptom days than negative mood, whereas the opposite was true in Verbrugge's study. To further investigate the causal role of events and mood on symptoms, analyses were performed looking only at onset days of symptom episodes. This procedure greatly reduced same day event-symptom associations and eliminated event and mood's lagged relationships with symptoms. Our results do not, then, corroborate the triggering effect of events and mood for the onset of symptoms, although these variables may have a role in maintaining the duration of symptom episodes.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Daily versus major life events as predictors of symptom frequency: a replication study.

Predictions of physical symptomatology by daily life events and by major life events were compared, replicating and expanding work reported by DeLongis, Coyne, Dakof, Folkman, & Lazarus (1982). Analyses of daily, prospective data collected on 79 married men for 90 days demonstrated that daily, undesirable events were better predictors of symptom frequencies than either past, major life events or daily, desirable events. These results, similar to those found by DeLongis et al. (1982), were further explored by examining "healthy" subjects versus subjects with prior medical conditions. Undesirable daily events were a much stronger predictor of physical symptoms in the healthy group than in the prior medical conditions group.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1986

Vermont adopts Tarasoff: a real barn-burner.

A recent Vermont Supreme Court decision adopts and extends the Tarasoff precedent. This paper emphasizes three aspects of the new precedent that are of possible consequence to providers of mental health care. First, the decision imposes the Tarasoff duty on all "mental health professionals". Second, it demonstrates a legal scenario that in effect permits a single standard of care to be applied to all mental health professionals. Third, it creates liability for property damage as well as for personal injury.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Effects of severe daily events on mood.

Studies of the effect of negative experiences on mood have shown an association between negative events and mood reported on the same day. In trying to make a more convincing case that negative events cause shifts in mood, we examined the effects of naturally occurring, daily events on next-day mood. From a sample of 50 men who had reported events and mood prospectively, 17 whose reports included a severe, negative event were selected. Same-day and next-day associations were examined using both self-reports from the men and wives' reports about their husbands' mood. Same-day associations were observed, but there was no strong evidence of changes in next-day mood. The results offer no support for 2-day or longer effects of daily, negative events and highlight the need for prospective studies for addressing causal questions and for cognitive mediational variables, such as coping, to be included in future studies.

Adaptation, Psychological↗