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Biomedical subjects

A A Hartmann

Publications and source records attributed to A A Hartmann.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Sweet's syndrome associated with Salmonella typhimurium infection.

A 41-year-old woman presented with the typical clinical and pathohistological features of acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis (AFND). The disease had been preceded by diarrhoea and vomiting for 2 weeks. Stool cultures proved positive for Salmonella typhimurium infection. Antibiotic therapy and tapering oral steroids led to a complete remission of skin lesions within 2 weeks. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Sweet's syndrome associated with salmonellosis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

[The value of Gardnerella-vaginalis-culture in bacterial-vaginitis- score-confirmed bacterial vaginosis].

The relative value of a semiquantitative Gardnerella vaginalis culture for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis (BV) was studied in 113 women attending a STD clinic. The standard diagnosis of BV was based on the BV score, which is a 10-point grading system to evaluate gram-stained vaginal samples objectively and reproducibly. The sensitivity of G. vaginalis culture for the diagnosis of BV was 28%, while the specificity was 89%. The positive and the negative predictive values were 50% and 76% for G. vaginalis culture in our population. Our data suggest that G. vaginalis culture cannot be recommended for the routine diagnosis of BV. However, G. vaginalis culture will detect asymptomatic women with high vaginal colonization with G. vaginalis. Further studies are needed to find whether these women are at risk of developing BV.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1990

IgA pemphigus foliaceus: a case report.

An 84-year-old male with a 4-week history of vesiculobullous eruptions was diagnosed clinically and pathologically to suffer from pemphigus foliaceus. Amazingly, direct immunofluorescence demonstrated intercellular IgA deposits in the whole epidermis. The patient did not respond to a regimen of fluocortolone and azathioprine but rapidly improved under dapsone. The few reported dermatoses with intraepidermal IgA deposits do not form a homogeneous group. In the following, their spectrum will be outlined. It is important to distinguish these dermatoses from IgG pemphigus, since they require a different therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Prevalence of Ureaplasma urealyticum in the urethra of men without urethritis in relation to clinical diagnosis.

Ureaplasma urealyticum is one of the microorganisms possibly causing nongonococcal urethritis. In a prospective study, 606 men without urethritis presented to an STD clinic in a rural West German region were investigated for the prevalence of U. urealyticum in the urethra. The overall isolation rate of the organism was 21.3%. Analyzing patients grouped by clinical diagnoses, the isolation rate of U. urealyticum was significantly higher in the genital warts group (25%) and in the partner's control group (35%) than in the group of patients suffering from fertility disorder (15.2%) or balanitis (14%). These findings stress the importance and the difficulty to select the appropriate controls in clinical studies concerning the role of U. urealyticum in the male urethra.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Microbial ecosystems of the skin in antimicrobial therapy].

Healthy human skin provides wet, dry, and sebaceous habitats for well-adapted microbes living in a community and occupying three-dimensional spaces of the skin. These resident microbes of the skin are reduced either intentionally or unintentionally under systemic or topical antimicrobial therapy, e.g. in acne or tinea versicolor. As a result, quantitative or qualitative alterations of the microbial communities might ensue, including the selection of multiresistent variants in a habitat or a total change of the microbial community followed by the so-called gram-negative folliculitis. Skin disinfectants are antimicrobially effective within 30 to 60 seconds. Their long-term efficacy varies according to the specific substance. Moreover, the antimicrobial efficacy of skin disinfectants may vary to a considerable degree in the individual habitats of the human skin.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1990

The influence of various factors on the human resident skin flora.

Various factors, e.g. prolonged occlusion, skin disinfectants, systemic antimicrobials, can have an impact on the ecosystem of the normal human skin flora for a short time. These impacts are of clinical importance in the treatment of some skin diseases, where members of the normal human skin flora are involved in the pathogenesis of the disease, e.g. Propionibacterium acnes in acne vulgaris, Corynebacterium species in erythrasma, trichomycosis palmellina and pitted keratolysis, Pityrosporum orbiculare/ovale in Pityriasis versicolor, Pityrosporum folliculitis and others. Using the standardized forehead skin test, SFST, proposed by us, antibacterial short-term effects including the action degree profile, the action time profile, and the depth penetration profile of a topically applied antibacterial agent can be measured. Testing 60 v/v% isopropanol, 60 v/v% n-propanol, povidone iodine (aques solution), 3 w/v% salicylic acid in 50 v/v% isopropanol and 1 v/v% phenoli liquefacti in 50 v/v% isopropanol, salicylic acid showed equivalent reduction factors as 60 v/v% n-propanol immediately after the application. With the modified SFST, salicyclic acid tincture produced a 50-fold higher bacterial density reduction 12 hours after the fourth application and a 100-fold reduction 12 hours after the eighth application in comparison with 60 v/v% isopropanol. Salicylic acid, mainly used in dermatotherapy as a keratolytic agent, fulfills all these above mentioned requirements including a well antimicrobial efficacy. Since Salicyclic acid is also effective against yeast and dermatophytes, the substance has some advantages over other antimicrobials used in the dermatotherapy.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1990

[Experiences with oxytetracycline treatment of non-gonorrhea urethritis caused by Ureaplasma urealyticum].

In a retrospective study, the efficacy of tetracycline therapy was assessed in 48 men with non-gonococcal urethritis who only harbored Ureaplasma urealyticum in their urethras. After 2 weeks of therapy with 2.0 g oxytetracycline per day, U. urealyticum was still found in the urethra of 8 patients (17%). Urethritis was still present in 8 patients (17%) according to clinical criteria and in 11 patients (23%) according to microscopic findings. The persistence of U. urealyticum in the urethra did not correlate with the persistence of urethritis to a statistically significant degree. Therapy compliance, antibiotic resistance in a few cases, reinfections in 2 cases and a special host-parasite relationship are discussed with respect to the treatment failures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Chlamydia infections in dermatology].

The serovares D-K of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) are associated with inclusion conjunctivits, non-gonoccoccal urethritis (NGU), post-gonoccoccal urethritis (PGU), epididymitis, and ensuing male infertility. CT can be isolated from testicular tissue, in sexually acquired reactive arthritis (SARA) and in proctitis. Female partner infection primarily involves the cervix with ascending infection and ensuing infertility. Asymptomatic CT infection of the urogenital tract does not only present epidemiological problems, but also calls for smear examination in the asympotomatic partner. Double infection with CT and Neisseria gonorrhoeae is not necessarily followed by PGU. Incomplete detection of CT must be taken into account especially after application of penicillin and in the isolation procedures from sperm. The serovares L1-L3 are the infectious agents in venereal lymphogranuloma. Tetracyclines and erythromycin are usually recommended as the therapy of choice in CT infection. Sulfonamides should be applied with caution, since resistent CT isolates have been made known. There is still further clinical study required regarding the efficacy of quinolines in urogenital infections with chlamydiae.

Chlamydia Infections↗
PubMed1989

[Fulminant acne in Klinefelter syndrome treated with testosterone. A side effect of anti-tallness therapy].

Acne lesions usually do not occur in patients with Klinefelter's syndrome (47 XXXY). But a 19 year old patient with Klinefelter's syndrome, under therapy with testosteronenantat (500 mg every two weeks over a period of 18 months) for treatment of excessively tall stature developed acne fulminans. Following discontinuation of testosterone treatment and isotretinoin therapy over 16 weeks skin lesions healed almost completely although with severe scars. In conclusion, high doses testosterone-treatment in excessively tall boys needs the additional care of dermatologist when mostly after a 7 months period acne begins to develop under this treatment.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1988

Gardnerella vaginalis is associated with other sexually transmittable microorganisms in the male urethra.

In a prospective study, urethral swabs were taken from 544 men presented to an STD clinic, 118 with and 426 without urethritis, and examined by microscope and/or culture for G. vaginalis, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis, Candida species and Trichomonas vaginalis. G. vaginalis was isolated from 4.2% of the males with urethritis and from 6.3% of those without urethritis. Using loglinear analysis, the following associations were significant (p less than 0.05): three-way: G. vaginalis, U. urealyticum, C. trachomatis; two-way: G. vaginalis, U. urealyticum and G. vaginalis, M. hominis and U. urealyticum, M. hominis. It is concluded that G. vaginalis is associated with genital mycoplasmas not only in the female, but also in the male urogenital tract.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Susceptibility of Ureaplasma urealyticum to ten chemotherapeutic agents.

Tetracyclines and erythromycin are the chemotherapeutic agents most often used in the Federal Republic of Germany for eradication of U. urealyticum from the male urogenital tract. Few data on current susceptibility in the FRG are available. Therefore, we investigated the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 10 chemotherapeutic agents against 27 isolates from the male urethra and 4 ATCC strains of U. urealyticum by a micro broth dilution method using a modified U-9 medium. The MIC90 values (microgram/ml) of the chemotherapeutic agents tested were as follows: minocycline-0.25, doxycycline-1.0, tetracycline and chlortetracycline-2.0, erythromycin and streptomycin-4.0, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, rosoxacin-8.0, spectinomycin-32.0. According to the blood levels attained in treatment, the chemotherapeutic agents can be divided into three groups based on the MIC90-values, i.e. sensitive: chloramphenicol, doxycycline, minocycline and streptomycin; weakly effective: chlortetracycline, tetracycline, spectinomycin and erythromycin; and resistant: gentamicin and rosoxacin.

4-Quinolones↗
PubMed1988

[Experimental microbiological criteria for the banking of full-thickness skin].

Experimental studies were conducted into the biological durability of homologous full skin grafts. Colony counts for that purpose were determined in deep-frozen specimens in weekly intervals. Specimens were stored at various temperatures (+4 degrees C, -20 degrees C, -70 degrees C, -80 degrees C), with and without preceding quick freezing. Storage at -70 degrees C with protracted freezing gradient of 1 degree C/minute proved to the most favourable variant with due consideration of microbiological criteria. The physiological resident flora of skin grafts after thawing was almost unchanged under these conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Effect of the application of an anionic detergent combined with FABRY's tincture and its components on human skin resident flora. Part 1: Dermofug solution combined with either FABRY's tincture or 50 v/v% isopropanol.

The aim of the study was to investigate the antimicrobial longterm efficacy of the combined application of an anionic detergent (Dermofug) either with 50 v/v% isopropanol or FABRY's tincture (3 w/v% salicylic acid, 1 v/v% liquefied phenol containing 50 v/v% isopropanol) on the resident flora of the human forehead skin after repeated applications using the forehead skin test. The test results show that both combinations tested are able to penetrate the infrainfundibulum of the sebaceous glands. The combined application of 10 v/v% Dermofug solution (D) and FABRY's tincture (F) showed better antibacterial efficacy than the combination of D and 50 v/v% isopropanol (I) against the coagulase-negative-staphylococci in the stratum corneum/acroinfundibulum as well as in the infrainfundibulum of the sebaceous glands. Against Propionibacterium spp., D and F showed better efficacy than D and I in the stratum corneum/acroinfundibulum, and equal efficacy in the infrainfundibulum of the sebaceous glands. It remains to be clarified in further investigations, which of the components of FABRY's tincture leads to the better antibacterial efficacy of the combined application of D and F in comparison to D and I, the salicylic acid or the phenol acid component.

1-Propanol↗
PubMed1988

Effect of the application of an anionic detergent combined with FABRY's tincture and its components on human skin resident flora. Part 2: Dermofug solution combined with either salicylic acid tincture or phenol acid tincture.

Using the forehead skin test, we investigated the combined application of 10 v/v% Dermofug solution and 3 w/v% salicylic acid tincture or 1 v/v% phenol acid tincture. The former combination showed better antibacterial efficacy against the coagulase-negative staphylococci and Propionibacterium spp. in the stratum corneum/acroinfundibulum as well as in the infrainfundibulum of the sebaceous glands. No antibacterial efficacy could be determined against Propionibacterium spp. in the infrainfundibulum of the sebaceous glands after the combined application of Dermofug solution and 1 v/v% phenol acid tincture. In contrast, the combined application of Dermofug solution and 3 w/v% salicylic acid tincture led to a long-term reduction of the cfu-counts of Propionibacterium spp. in the infrainfundibulum of the sebaceous glands. The following conclusions can be drawn from our study and applied to external therapy: a detergent like Dermofug should be used instead of an alcohol to enhance the penetration of a drug into the infrainfundibulum of the sebaceous glands, since the former can block the growth of Propionibacterium spp. in the infrainfundibulum. Secondly, it should be kept in mind that the addition of salicylic acid to a topical antibiotic ointment does not only enhance the penetration of the antibiotic into the infrainfundibulum of the sebacous glands, but that the antibacterial effect of the salicylic acid itself may be the reason for the better clinical antibacterial efficacy of such combinations.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1987

Transmission rate of Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma spp., Gardnerella vaginalis, B-streptococci, Candida spp. and Chlamydia trachomatis from the mother to the newborn.

In a preliminary study of the transmission rate of Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma species, Gardnerella vaginalis, B-Streptococci, Candida species and Chlamydia trachomatis from the mother to the newborn, swabs were taken from 45 parturients and their neonates and cultured by suitable methods. Out of 30 parturients with a positive culture, 8 harboured more than one microorganism investigated. U. urealyticum was found in 11 newborn and all of them had a positive mother. Candida spp. were found in 4 newborn, but 3 of these had a negative mother. G. vaginalis was detected in only 1 infant and the mother was negative. C. trachomatis was not isolated from any mother but was present in 2 newborn infants. Thus only U. urealyticum showed clear evidence of transmission from mother to baby.

Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal↗
PubMed1987

Sexually transmittable organisms in the urethra of males with and without urethritis.

In 589 males, 169 with and 420 without urethritis, urethral swabs were taken and assessed semiquantitatively for the sexually transmittable infectious agents Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis, Trichomonas vaginalis and Candida species. The organisms were isolated in patients with and without urethritis as follows: N. gonorrhoeae with urethritis 19.5%, without 0.0%; C. trachomatis with urethritis 16.0%, without 2.9%; U. urealyticum (high cfu-counts) with urethritis 27.2%, without 11.7%; M. hominis (high cfu) with 4.7%, without 2.9%. Combined infections were more frequent in males with urethritis (20.8%) than in those without (5.4%). None of the investigated pathogenic microorganisms could be demonstrated in 37.9% of males with and in 71.2% of males without urethritis. Using loglinear analysis, a significant coincidence of infections with N. gonorrhoeae and U. urealyticum and of infections with U. urealyticum and M. hominis was found. It is concluded that an asymptomatic infection of the male urethra with sexually transmittable organisms is to be expected in partner's control examinations and in patients presenting for other STD like venereal warts or genital herpes. Therefore in these men, even if they are asymptomatic, a comprehensive microbiological examination is strongly recommended.

Adolescent↗