Binary ratio is the key notion in the general theory of systems, a generalization of functional relationship. A clinical laboratory parameter or sign is merely an element of the analyzed information system, and situations are possible when signs analyzed separately without consideration for their interrelationships are not informative at all, whereas the structure of binary ratio helps solve differential diagnostic problems and other tasks. The information reflected in binary ratios characterizes the relationships between signs and the intricate features in the vital activity of the organism, such as mechanisms of regulation, homeostasis, etc. A method for assessment and comparison of the structure of binary ratios is described as a new method for analysis of biomedical data. The method is realized in a research system OMIS (PC-based) and was tried in the solution of complex problems in hematology, pulmonology, cardiology, oncology, etc.

Diagnosis, Differential↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Paired coefficients in the correlation of clinico-laboratory signs: artifacts and interpretation difficulties].

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Artifacts↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[The thrombocyte count and potassium concentration of the blood in acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia (towards an understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of hemopoiesis)].

The authors show that when platelet count and potassium concentrations in ANLL patients correlate positively or do not correlate, there is a positive and negative correlation between survival and hemoglobin level (number of red cells), respectively. Clinically, it means that in certain conditions hemotransfusion of red cell mass may be useless or even harmful. In groups with different relationships between platelet count and blood potassium levels, other indicators also vary in interrelations. Thus, in the groups compared cholesterol concentration correlated differently with platelet number, hemoglobin and potassium concentrations. It is suggested that in certain conditions group correlation may be similar to individual (physiological) correlation of the signs. In situation when it is true, great methodological prospects are opened for quantitative description and investigation of physiological regularities.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Coefficients of correlation of clinical laboratory data as signs of mechanisms of regulation].

Differences in the coefficients of correlation of clinical laboratory signs in patients with diseases of the blood and lymph, respiratory organs, and cardiovascular system were analyzed using OMIS research biomedical system (Intellectual Systems, St. Petersburg. 1993). Correlation coefficient is interpreted not as a measure of relationship between signs, but as an indicator of regulation processes in a live organism. The coefficients of correlation are most frequently different for the signs whose mean values are unchanged under the same conditions. This means that a comparative analysis of relationship between the signs largely contributes to such branches of medicine in which the conclusions are based on analysis of the mean tendencies. Such branches are primarily new tests for early diagnosis of tumorous diseases, assessment of dissemination and malignancy of the process, understanding of the processes of malignant degeneration, etc. Automated analysis of differences in correlations may be useful to decipher the ambiguous and dynamic relationships between different submultiplicities of immunocompetent elements in different forms of immune response (and in various states of the organism). Use of the new system opens new vistas in studies of the signs of vital activity of cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Not only new mechanisms regulating the hemodynamics, respiration, and cardiorespiratory relationships were disclosed; relationships between physiological parameters and cellular elements were revealed, which could be hardly suspected before. A fragment of a study of survival factors in acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia (carried out in cooperation with N.N. Mamayev) is presented for illustration. A close positive relationship between the humoral and cellular immunity (at least of their components analyzed in this study) is demonstrated to be destructive for patients with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia. An optimal variant is their independent regulation or regulation leading to variously directed changes.

Clinical Laboratory Techniques↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Metrological problems of laboratory diagnosis].

Medical laboratory diagnosis is progressing from one analysis to a group of analysis with rather intricate statistical processing of data via multidimensional analysis, at the same time it is necessary to define a patient's individual normal levels, i.e. a "health certificate". In this regard, the process may be achieved when complex analyzers, which have a reliable metrological support, and systems for collection of both clinical and laboratory information and its simultaneous analysis are put into laboratories' practical work.

Clinical Laboratory Techniques↗